A hybrid prediction and multi-objective optimization framework for limestone calcined clay cement concrete mixture design

Abstract Limestone calcined clay cement (LC3) is a promising low-carbon construction material in terms of its comparable mechanical performance to ordinary Portland cement (OPC) but a much less embodied carbon footprint. Previous literature have demonstrated that the large-scale implementation of LC...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Xi Chen, Weiyi Chen, Zongao Li, Pu Zhang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-07-01
Series:Scientific Reports
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-05288-3
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