Characteristics of water supply and demand in an agroforestry ecosystem under long-term continuous cropping assessed using the RZWQM2 model
Sustainable agricultural management is one of the important factors for ensuring food security. In recent years, many wheat and maize fields on the Loess Plateau of China have been transformed into apple orchards for better economic returns. However, the evapotranspiration of apple orchards is far g...
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Elsevier
2025-02-01
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| Series: | Agricultural Water Management |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S037837742400581X |
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| author | Jing Zhang Li Wang Gong Cheng Liangliang Jia |
| author_facet | Jing Zhang Li Wang Gong Cheng Liangliang Jia |
| author_sort | Jing Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Sustainable agricultural management is one of the important factors for ensuring food security. In recent years, many wheat and maize fields on the Loess Plateau of China have been transformed into apple orchards for better economic returns. However, the evapotranspiration of apple orchards is far greater than the precipitation supply, resulting in a reduction in water resources that are available for apple trees. In this study, an experiment was conducted from 2012–2015 on apple orchards of different ages and maize and wheat fields. The field experiment and the Root Zone Water Quality Model (RZWQM2) were combined (1) to explore the feasibility of RZWQM2 in simulating soil water conditions under the three cropping systems and (2) to simulate long-term soil water dynamics and plant water use in different cropping systems from 1981–2019. The results showed that RZWQM2 was able to simulate the growth of wheat and maize and the water use of the three land use patterns (R2>0.70, −3.86 %<PBIAS<0.49 %, and D>0.89). Under the long-term continuous cropping system, the water consumption in the apple orchard was the highest, followed by that in the maize and wheat fields. The turning point of evapotranspiration in the apple orchard occurred at the 22nd year, but it decreased with increasing years of cultivation in the maize and wheat fields. Therefore, the planting of winter wheat after 22 years of apple planting should be considered to restore the soil water in the apple orchard to ensure the sustainable development of agriculture in this area. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e88664a33b8f45269b8f48e27bef7782 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1873-2283 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Agricultural Water Management |
| spelling | doaj-art-e88664a33b8f45269b8f48e27bef77822025-01-07T04:16:52ZengElsevierAgricultural Water Management1873-22832025-02-01307109245Characteristics of water supply and demand in an agroforestry ecosystem under long-term continuous cropping assessed using the RZWQM2 modelJing Zhang0Li Wang1Gong Cheng2Liangliang Jia3Hebei Fertilizer Technology Innovation Centre, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050051, China; Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Shaanxi 712100, ChinaInstitute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Shaanxi 712100, China; Correspondence to: State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, No. 26 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetic and Developmental Biology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050021, ChinaHebei Fertilizer Technology Innovation Centre, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050051, China; Correspondence to: Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, No. 598 West Heping Road, Shijiazhuang 050051, China.Sustainable agricultural management is one of the important factors for ensuring food security. In recent years, many wheat and maize fields on the Loess Plateau of China have been transformed into apple orchards for better economic returns. However, the evapotranspiration of apple orchards is far greater than the precipitation supply, resulting in a reduction in water resources that are available for apple trees. In this study, an experiment was conducted from 2012–2015 on apple orchards of different ages and maize and wheat fields. The field experiment and the Root Zone Water Quality Model (RZWQM2) were combined (1) to explore the feasibility of RZWQM2 in simulating soil water conditions under the three cropping systems and (2) to simulate long-term soil water dynamics and plant water use in different cropping systems from 1981–2019. The results showed that RZWQM2 was able to simulate the growth of wheat and maize and the water use of the three land use patterns (R2>0.70, −3.86 %<PBIAS<0.49 %, and D>0.89). Under the long-term continuous cropping system, the water consumption in the apple orchard was the highest, followed by that in the maize and wheat fields. The turning point of evapotranspiration in the apple orchard occurred at the 22nd year, but it decreased with increasing years of cultivation in the maize and wheat fields. Therefore, the planting of winter wheat after 22 years of apple planting should be considered to restore the soil water in the apple orchard to ensure the sustainable development of agriculture in this area.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S037837742400581XDifferent land use patternsSoil moistureEvapotranspirationCropping systemSustainable development of agriculture |
| spellingShingle | Jing Zhang Li Wang Gong Cheng Liangliang Jia Characteristics of water supply and demand in an agroforestry ecosystem under long-term continuous cropping assessed using the RZWQM2 model Agricultural Water Management Different land use patterns Soil moisture Evapotranspiration Cropping system Sustainable development of agriculture |
| title | Characteristics of water supply and demand in an agroforestry ecosystem under long-term continuous cropping assessed using the RZWQM2 model |
| title_full | Characteristics of water supply and demand in an agroforestry ecosystem under long-term continuous cropping assessed using the RZWQM2 model |
| title_fullStr | Characteristics of water supply and demand in an agroforestry ecosystem under long-term continuous cropping assessed using the RZWQM2 model |
| title_full_unstemmed | Characteristics of water supply and demand in an agroforestry ecosystem under long-term continuous cropping assessed using the RZWQM2 model |
| title_short | Characteristics of water supply and demand in an agroforestry ecosystem under long-term continuous cropping assessed using the RZWQM2 model |
| title_sort | characteristics of water supply and demand in an agroforestry ecosystem under long term continuous cropping assessed using the rzwqm2 model |
| topic | Different land use patterns Soil moisture Evapotranspiration Cropping system Sustainable development of agriculture |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S037837742400581X |
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