The effect of 2% pilocarpine on depth of field in different time intervals among presbyopic subjects

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the effects of 2% pilocarpine ophthalmic solution on the depth of field and the pupil size of human eye in the presbyopic population. Settings and Design: Prospective experimental study. Methods: The prospective study included 120 presbyopic people age...

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Main Authors: Ashith Tripathi, Sebin C Sebastian, Himanshu Yadav, Iqra Jamal Khan, Vandana Kamath
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications 2024-12-01
Series:Indian Journal of Ophthalmology
Subjects:
Online Access:https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/IJO.IJO_130_24
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author Ashith Tripathi
Sebin C Sebastian
Himanshu Yadav
Iqra Jamal Khan
Vandana Kamath
author_facet Ashith Tripathi
Sebin C Sebastian
Himanshu Yadav
Iqra Jamal Khan
Vandana Kamath
author_sort Ashith Tripathi
collection DOAJ
description Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the effects of 2% pilocarpine ophthalmic solution on the depth of field and the pupil size of human eye in the presbyopic population. Settings and Design: Prospective experimental study. Methods: The prospective study included 120 presbyopic people aged between 40 and 55. All willing subjects underwent a comprehensive eye examination that included measuring the visual acuity for distance and near, retinoscopy, refraction, anterior and posterior segment examination, depth of field, and pupil size in room illumination. Following a preliminary examination, 2% pilocarpine ophthalmic solution was instilled in both eyes, and after various intervals of 15, 30, and 45 min, the depth of field and the pupil size were measured. Results: Before instillation of 2% pilocarpine solution, the mean pupil size was 0.34 mm with a standard deviation (SD) of ±0.37. After instillation, the mean pupil size changed to 2.20, 1.91, and 1.57 mm with SD of ±0.43, ±0.27, and ±0.34 mm, respectively, in 15, 30, and 45 min time intervals. Initial mean depth of field also changed from 1.76 D (SD ± 0.20) to 1.72, 1.65, and 1.59 D with SD of ±0.20, ±0.16, and ±0.22 D, respectively, in 15, 30, and 45 min time intervals. Conclusion: The study concludes that pupillary miotics create a pinhole effect after the instillation of 2% pilocarpine ophthalmic drop, extending the depth of field. The effect was highly clinically significant at 45 min with a P value <0.001.
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spelling doaj-art-e87cbbfef6404be3b24ce328dfcaa1b32024-12-09T09:09:26ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsIndian Journal of Ophthalmology0301-47381998-36892024-12-0172121795179710.4103/IJO.IJO_130_24The effect of 2% pilocarpine on depth of field in different time intervals among presbyopic subjectsAshith TripathiSebin C SebastianHimanshu YadavIqra Jamal KhanVandana KamathPurpose: The aim of this study was to determine the effects of 2% pilocarpine ophthalmic solution on the depth of field and the pupil size of human eye in the presbyopic population. Settings and Design: Prospective experimental study. Methods: The prospective study included 120 presbyopic people aged between 40 and 55. All willing subjects underwent a comprehensive eye examination that included measuring the visual acuity for distance and near, retinoscopy, refraction, anterior and posterior segment examination, depth of field, and pupil size in room illumination. Following a preliminary examination, 2% pilocarpine ophthalmic solution was instilled in both eyes, and after various intervals of 15, 30, and 45 min, the depth of field and the pupil size were measured. Results: Before instillation of 2% pilocarpine solution, the mean pupil size was 0.34 mm with a standard deviation (SD) of ±0.37. After instillation, the mean pupil size changed to 2.20, 1.91, and 1.57 mm with SD of ±0.43, ±0.27, and ±0.34 mm, respectively, in 15, 30, and 45 min time intervals. Initial mean depth of field also changed from 1.76 D (SD ± 0.20) to 1.72, 1.65, and 1.59 D with SD of ±0.20, ±0.16, and ±0.22 D, respectively, in 15, 30, and 45 min time intervals. Conclusion: The study concludes that pupillary miotics create a pinhole effect after the instillation of 2% pilocarpine ophthalmic drop, extending the depth of field. The effect was highly clinically significant at 45 min with a P value <0.001.https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/IJO.IJO_130_24depth of fieldpilocarpinepresbyopiapupil size
spellingShingle Ashith Tripathi
Sebin C Sebastian
Himanshu Yadav
Iqra Jamal Khan
Vandana Kamath
The effect of 2% pilocarpine on depth of field in different time intervals among presbyopic subjects
Indian Journal of Ophthalmology
depth of field
pilocarpine
presbyopia
pupil size
title The effect of 2% pilocarpine on depth of field in different time intervals among presbyopic subjects
title_full The effect of 2% pilocarpine on depth of field in different time intervals among presbyopic subjects
title_fullStr The effect of 2% pilocarpine on depth of field in different time intervals among presbyopic subjects
title_full_unstemmed The effect of 2% pilocarpine on depth of field in different time intervals among presbyopic subjects
title_short The effect of 2% pilocarpine on depth of field in different time intervals among presbyopic subjects
title_sort effect of 2 pilocarpine on depth of field in different time intervals among presbyopic subjects
topic depth of field
pilocarpine
presbyopia
pupil size
url https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/IJO.IJO_130_24
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