Cellular Nanointerface of Vertical Nanostructures: Impact of Size‐Modulated Nanopillar Arrays on Neuronal Morphology, Maturation, and Synapse Formation
Investigating the cellular mechanisms facilitated by highly ordered nanostructures in vitro neuronal networks is crucial for advancing biomedical research. However, the intricate effects of these nanostructures on cellular behavior remain unclear. Herein, we explore how variations in nanopillar (NP)...
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Wiley-VCH
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Small Structures |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/sstr.202400314 |
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| author | Younghak Cho Suyeon Kim Hui Jae Cho Hyunju Ham Kyung Eun Lee Hyun Wook Kang Young Woo Jeong Jae‐Hyuk Ahn Nakwon Choi Joon Ho Kang Aram J. Chung Hyejeong Seong |
| author_facet | Younghak Cho Suyeon Kim Hui Jae Cho Hyunju Ham Kyung Eun Lee Hyun Wook Kang Young Woo Jeong Jae‐Hyuk Ahn Nakwon Choi Joon Ho Kang Aram J. Chung Hyejeong Seong |
| author_sort | Younghak Cho |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Investigating the cellular mechanisms facilitated by highly ordered nanostructures in vitro neuronal networks is crucial for advancing biomedical research. However, the intricate effects of these nanostructures on cellular behavior remain unclear. Herein, we explore how variations in nanopillar (NP) array dimensions, defined by the spacing‐to‐diameter (S/D) ratio, influence cortical neuronal responses—including cellular morphology, mechanosensing, neuronal maturation, and synapse formation. NP arrays with a low S/D ratio accelerate neurite protrusion and enhance neuronal maturation. These topography‐driven changes are attributed to the degree of cell confinement on NPs, which can be visualized using focused ion beam scanning microscopy. Furthermore, the synaptic density in cortical neurons declines as the S/D ratio decreases, with neurons preferring to form synapses along the NPs. By utilizing correlative light and electron microscopy, the spatial organization of these synapses is mapped relative to the NP geometries, revealing specialized synaptic regions with remarkable clarity. This approach to designing high‐aspect‐ratio nanostructures with various S/D ratios holds broad applications in materials engineering, offering insights into nervous system engineering and neural‐interfacing bioelectronics. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e84ebd08066a4f9c967411a6767bd7c3 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2688-4062 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley-VCH |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Small Structures |
| spelling | doaj-art-e84ebd08066a4f9c967411a6767bd7c32025-01-10T17:54:14ZengWiley-VCHSmall Structures2688-40622025-01-0161n/an/a10.1002/sstr.202400314Cellular Nanointerface of Vertical Nanostructures: Impact of Size‐Modulated Nanopillar Arrays on Neuronal Morphology, Maturation, and Synapse FormationYounghak Cho0Suyeon Kim1Hui Jae Cho2Hyunju Ham3Kyung Eun Lee4Hyun Wook Kang5Young Woo Jeong6Jae‐Hyuk Ahn7Nakwon Choi8Joon Ho Kang9Aram J. Chung10Hyejeong Seong11Brain Science Institute Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) Seoul 02792 Republic of KoreaDepartment of Bioengineering Korea University Seoul 02841 Republic of KoreaNational Nanofab Center (NNFC) Daejeon 34141 Republic of KoreaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of KoreaAdvanced Analysis and Data Center Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) Seoul 02792 Republic of KoreaBrain Science Institute Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) Seoul 02792 Republic of KoreaAdvanced Analysis and Data Center Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) Seoul 02792 Republic of KoreaDepartment of Electronics Engineering Chungnam National University Daejeon 34134 Republic of KoreaBrain Science Institute Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) Seoul 02792 Republic of KoreaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of KoreaDepartment of Bioengineering Korea University Seoul 02841 Republic of KoreaBrain Science Institute Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) Seoul 02792 Republic of KoreaInvestigating the cellular mechanisms facilitated by highly ordered nanostructures in vitro neuronal networks is crucial for advancing biomedical research. However, the intricate effects of these nanostructures on cellular behavior remain unclear. Herein, we explore how variations in nanopillar (NP) array dimensions, defined by the spacing‐to‐diameter (S/D) ratio, influence cortical neuronal responses—including cellular morphology, mechanosensing, neuronal maturation, and synapse formation. NP arrays with a low S/D ratio accelerate neurite protrusion and enhance neuronal maturation. These topography‐driven changes are attributed to the degree of cell confinement on NPs, which can be visualized using focused ion beam scanning microscopy. Furthermore, the synaptic density in cortical neurons declines as the S/D ratio decreases, with neurons preferring to form synapses along the NPs. By utilizing correlative light and electron microscopy, the spatial organization of these synapses is mapped relative to the NP geometries, revealing specialized synaptic regions with remarkable clarity. This approach to designing high‐aspect‐ratio nanostructures with various S/D ratios holds broad applications in materials engineering, offering insights into nervous system engineering and neural‐interfacing bioelectronics.https://doi.org/10.1002/sstr.202400314mechanosensingnanopillar arraysnanostructured substratesneural interfacessynapse formation |
| spellingShingle | Younghak Cho Suyeon Kim Hui Jae Cho Hyunju Ham Kyung Eun Lee Hyun Wook Kang Young Woo Jeong Jae‐Hyuk Ahn Nakwon Choi Joon Ho Kang Aram J. Chung Hyejeong Seong Cellular Nanointerface of Vertical Nanostructures: Impact of Size‐Modulated Nanopillar Arrays on Neuronal Morphology, Maturation, and Synapse Formation Small Structures mechanosensing nanopillar arrays nanostructured substrates neural interfaces synapse formation |
| title | Cellular Nanointerface of Vertical Nanostructures: Impact of Size‐Modulated Nanopillar Arrays on Neuronal Morphology, Maturation, and Synapse Formation |
| title_full | Cellular Nanointerface of Vertical Nanostructures: Impact of Size‐Modulated Nanopillar Arrays on Neuronal Morphology, Maturation, and Synapse Formation |
| title_fullStr | Cellular Nanointerface of Vertical Nanostructures: Impact of Size‐Modulated Nanopillar Arrays on Neuronal Morphology, Maturation, and Synapse Formation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cellular Nanointerface of Vertical Nanostructures: Impact of Size‐Modulated Nanopillar Arrays on Neuronal Morphology, Maturation, and Synapse Formation |
| title_short | Cellular Nanointerface of Vertical Nanostructures: Impact of Size‐Modulated Nanopillar Arrays on Neuronal Morphology, Maturation, and Synapse Formation |
| title_sort | cellular nanointerface of vertical nanostructures impact of size modulated nanopillar arrays on neuronal morphology maturation and synapse formation |
| topic | mechanosensing nanopillar arrays nanostructured substrates neural interfaces synapse formation |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1002/sstr.202400314 |
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