Case Report: Application of ex-vivo drug sensitivity testing to identify personalized treatment options for an adolescent with diffuse midline glioma

Diffuse midline glioma (DMG) is a pediatric brain cancer that has a dismal prognosis with limited treatment options. We present the treatment course and outcome of an adolescent male diagnosed with a thalamic DMG carrying a histone H3.3 K27M (H3K27M) alteration. Tumor biopsies were taken at diagnosi...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Philip K. Tan, Timothy J. Martins, Pamela S. Becker, Robert J. Wechsler-Reya, John Ross Crawford
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-08-01
Series:Frontiers in Oncology
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2025.1606575/full
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849242803486326784
author Philip K. Tan
Philip K. Tan
Timothy J. Martins
Pamela S. Becker
Pamela S. Becker
Pamela S. Becker
Robert J. Wechsler-Reya
Robert J. Wechsler-Reya
John Ross Crawford
John Ross Crawford
John Ross Crawford
author_facet Philip K. Tan
Philip K. Tan
Timothy J. Martins
Pamela S. Becker
Pamela S. Becker
Pamela S. Becker
Robert J. Wechsler-Reya
Robert J. Wechsler-Reya
John Ross Crawford
John Ross Crawford
John Ross Crawford
author_sort Philip K. Tan
collection DOAJ
description Diffuse midline glioma (DMG) is a pediatric brain cancer that has a dismal prognosis with limited treatment options. We present the treatment course and outcome of an adolescent male diagnosed with a thalamic DMG carrying a histone H3.3 K27M (H3K27M) alteration. Tumor biopsies were taken at diagnosis for histological analysis, molecular profiling, and ex vivo drug sensitivity testing (DST). Seven months after diagnosis, the patient had recurrent/progressive disease after radiotherapy and an ineffective molecular-guided therapy based on tumor molecular profiling. The patient then started a novel functional precision medicine (FPM)-guided two-drug combination of disulfiram, based on the DST results of this drug on the patient’s tumor cells obtained at diagnosis, and ONC 201, the only drug that has advanced to a phase III clinical trial for H3K27M-DMG. Neuroimaging demonstrated a treatment response, and the patient lived for fifteen months after starting this personalized therapy. Disulfiram was discontinued after three months due to significant peripheral neuropathy. Our case describes the feasibility and limitations of using DST of patient-derived tumor cells to identify potentially effective personalized and novel therapies for DMG, which should be evaluated for efficacy and safety in formal N-of-1 clinical trials settings. We discuss the benefits and risks of this approach, particularly considering its use in children, adolescents, and young adults with pediatric brain cancers.
format Article
id doaj-art-e81e42c04b6345f68b4e8095760c32a5
institution Kabale University
issn 2234-943X
language English
publishDate 2025-08-01
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
record_format Article
series Frontiers in Oncology
spelling doaj-art-e81e42c04b6345f68b4e8095760c32a52025-08-20T03:59:40ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Oncology2234-943X2025-08-011510.3389/fonc.2025.16065751606575Case Report: Application of ex-vivo drug sensitivity testing to identify personalized treatment options for an adolescent with diffuse midline gliomaPhilip K. Tan0Philip K. Tan1Timothy J. Martins2Pamela S. Becker3Pamela S. Becker4Pamela S. Becker5Robert J. Wechsler-Reya6Robert J. Wechsler-Reya7John Ross Crawford8John Ross Crawford9John Ross Crawford10The Cure Starts Now Foundation, Cincinnati, OH, United StatesYuvaan Tiwari Foundation, Atlanta, GA, United StatesInstitute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United StatesDepartment of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, United StatesDepartment of Hematologic Malignancies Translational Science, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, WA, United StatesDepartment of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United StatesCancer Genome and Epigenetics Program, National Cancer Institute (NCI)-Designated Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, United StatesDepartment of Neurology and Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, United StatesRady Children’s Hospital, San Diego, CA, United States0Children’s Hospital of Orange County, Orange, CA, United States1Department of Pediatrics and Neurology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, United StatesDiffuse midline glioma (DMG) is a pediatric brain cancer that has a dismal prognosis with limited treatment options. We present the treatment course and outcome of an adolescent male diagnosed with a thalamic DMG carrying a histone H3.3 K27M (H3K27M) alteration. Tumor biopsies were taken at diagnosis for histological analysis, molecular profiling, and ex vivo drug sensitivity testing (DST). Seven months after diagnosis, the patient had recurrent/progressive disease after radiotherapy and an ineffective molecular-guided therapy based on tumor molecular profiling. The patient then started a novel functional precision medicine (FPM)-guided two-drug combination of disulfiram, based on the DST results of this drug on the patient’s tumor cells obtained at diagnosis, and ONC 201, the only drug that has advanced to a phase III clinical trial for H3K27M-DMG. Neuroimaging demonstrated a treatment response, and the patient lived for fifteen months after starting this personalized therapy. Disulfiram was discontinued after three months due to significant peripheral neuropathy. Our case describes the feasibility and limitations of using DST of patient-derived tumor cells to identify potentially effective personalized and novel therapies for DMG, which should be evaluated for efficacy and safety in formal N-of-1 clinical trials settings. We discuss the benefits and risks of this approach, particularly considering its use in children, adolescents, and young adults with pediatric brain cancers.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2025.1606575/fulldiffuse midline gliomafunctional precision medicinedrug sensitivity testingmolecular guided therapypediatric brain cancer
spellingShingle Philip K. Tan
Philip K. Tan
Timothy J. Martins
Pamela S. Becker
Pamela S. Becker
Pamela S. Becker
Robert J. Wechsler-Reya
Robert J. Wechsler-Reya
John Ross Crawford
John Ross Crawford
John Ross Crawford
Case Report: Application of ex-vivo drug sensitivity testing to identify personalized treatment options for an adolescent with diffuse midline glioma
Frontiers in Oncology
diffuse midline glioma
functional precision medicine
drug sensitivity testing
molecular guided therapy
pediatric brain cancer
title Case Report: Application of ex-vivo drug sensitivity testing to identify personalized treatment options for an adolescent with diffuse midline glioma
title_full Case Report: Application of ex-vivo drug sensitivity testing to identify personalized treatment options for an adolescent with diffuse midline glioma
title_fullStr Case Report: Application of ex-vivo drug sensitivity testing to identify personalized treatment options for an adolescent with diffuse midline glioma
title_full_unstemmed Case Report: Application of ex-vivo drug sensitivity testing to identify personalized treatment options for an adolescent with diffuse midline glioma
title_short Case Report: Application of ex-vivo drug sensitivity testing to identify personalized treatment options for an adolescent with diffuse midline glioma
title_sort case report application of ex vivo drug sensitivity testing to identify personalized treatment options for an adolescent with diffuse midline glioma
topic diffuse midline glioma
functional precision medicine
drug sensitivity testing
molecular guided therapy
pediatric brain cancer
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2025.1606575/full
work_keys_str_mv AT philipktan casereportapplicationofexvivodrugsensitivitytestingtoidentifypersonalizedtreatmentoptionsforanadolescentwithdiffusemidlineglioma
AT philipktan casereportapplicationofexvivodrugsensitivitytestingtoidentifypersonalizedtreatmentoptionsforanadolescentwithdiffusemidlineglioma
AT timothyjmartins casereportapplicationofexvivodrugsensitivitytestingtoidentifypersonalizedtreatmentoptionsforanadolescentwithdiffusemidlineglioma
AT pamelasbecker casereportapplicationofexvivodrugsensitivitytestingtoidentifypersonalizedtreatmentoptionsforanadolescentwithdiffusemidlineglioma
AT pamelasbecker casereportapplicationofexvivodrugsensitivitytestingtoidentifypersonalizedtreatmentoptionsforanadolescentwithdiffusemidlineglioma
AT pamelasbecker casereportapplicationofexvivodrugsensitivitytestingtoidentifypersonalizedtreatmentoptionsforanadolescentwithdiffusemidlineglioma
AT robertjwechslerreya casereportapplicationofexvivodrugsensitivitytestingtoidentifypersonalizedtreatmentoptionsforanadolescentwithdiffusemidlineglioma
AT robertjwechslerreya casereportapplicationofexvivodrugsensitivitytestingtoidentifypersonalizedtreatmentoptionsforanadolescentwithdiffusemidlineglioma
AT johnrosscrawford casereportapplicationofexvivodrugsensitivitytestingtoidentifypersonalizedtreatmentoptionsforanadolescentwithdiffusemidlineglioma
AT johnrosscrawford casereportapplicationofexvivodrugsensitivitytestingtoidentifypersonalizedtreatmentoptionsforanadolescentwithdiffusemidlineglioma
AT johnrosscrawford casereportapplicationofexvivodrugsensitivitytestingtoidentifypersonalizedtreatmentoptionsforanadolescentwithdiffusemidlineglioma