Epidemiological study of human brucellosis among febrile patients in Erbil-Kurdistan region, Iraq

Introduction: Human brucellosis is one of the most common zoonosis infections, with an important impact on the health and economy worldwide. This study aimed to update and provide epidemiological information on this infection and evaluate Rose Bengal Test, which is used as an essential diagnostic t...

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Main Authors: Dhary Alewy Almashhadany, Zean Fetehallah Zefenkey, Mohammed Naji Ahmed Odhah
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries 2022-07-01
Series:Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
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Online Access:https://jidc.org/index.php/journal/article/view/15669
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author Dhary Alewy Almashhadany
Zean Fetehallah Zefenkey
Mohammed Naji Ahmed Odhah
author_facet Dhary Alewy Almashhadany
Zean Fetehallah Zefenkey
Mohammed Naji Ahmed Odhah
author_sort Dhary Alewy Almashhadany
collection DOAJ
description Introduction: Human brucellosis is one of the most common zoonosis infections, with an important impact on the health and economy worldwide. This study aimed to update and provide epidemiological information on this infection and evaluate Rose Bengal Test, which is used as an essential diagnostic test for brucellosis in Erbil. Methodology: A total of 325 participants seeking care and reporting fever at Rizgary Teaching Hospital were enrolled. Blood samples were tested for Brucella spp. antibodies using Rose Bengal Test and blood culture followed by species identification. A questionnaire was administered to detect the risk factors. Results: The prevalence of probable and confirmed brucellosis was 12.3% (95% CI 9.2–16.3) and 9.5% (95% CI 6.8–13.2) respectively. The majority of cases were in the age group of 18-39 years. Brucellosis was significantly associated with raw milk consumption (OR = 10.3 95% CI 5-22.4) and contact with livestock (OR = 11.5 95% CI 5.6-23.9). Brucella melitensis (58.1%) and Brucella abortus (41.9%) are the dominant species in the area. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of the Rose Bengal Test in comparison to the blood culture were 100%, 96.9%, 77.5 %, and 100% respectively. Conclusions: Brucellosis is a significant cause of fever in Erbil and could be diagnosed by the Rose Bengal Test taking into account the compatibility of clinical features with the positive result. The vaccination of livestock and boiling or pasteurization of milk are essential procedures to reduce the frequency of human brucellosis.
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record_format Article
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spelling doaj-art-e73879a7d53e42c4ac8c963a0e6c1c942025-08-20T03:52:38ZengThe Journal of Infection in Developing CountriesJournal of Infection in Developing Countries1972-26802022-07-01160710.3855/jidc.15669Epidemiological study of human brucellosis among febrile patients in Erbil-Kurdistan region, IraqDhary Alewy Almashhadany0Zean Fetehallah Zefenkey1Mohammed Naji Ahmed Odhah2Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Science, Knowledge University, Erbil, 44001, IraqDepartment of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Science, Knowledge University, Erbil, 44001, IraqDepartment of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Thamar University, Dhamar, Yemen Introduction: Human brucellosis is one of the most common zoonosis infections, with an important impact on the health and economy worldwide. This study aimed to update and provide epidemiological information on this infection and evaluate Rose Bengal Test, which is used as an essential diagnostic test for brucellosis in Erbil. Methodology: A total of 325 participants seeking care and reporting fever at Rizgary Teaching Hospital were enrolled. Blood samples were tested for Brucella spp. antibodies using Rose Bengal Test and blood culture followed by species identification. A questionnaire was administered to detect the risk factors. Results: The prevalence of probable and confirmed brucellosis was 12.3% (95% CI 9.2–16.3) and 9.5% (95% CI 6.8–13.2) respectively. The majority of cases were in the age group of 18-39 years. Brucellosis was significantly associated with raw milk consumption (OR = 10.3 95% CI 5-22.4) and contact with livestock (OR = 11.5 95% CI 5.6-23.9). Brucella melitensis (58.1%) and Brucella abortus (41.9%) are the dominant species in the area. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of the Rose Bengal Test in comparison to the blood culture were 100%, 96.9%, 77.5 %, and 100% respectively. Conclusions: Brucellosis is a significant cause of fever in Erbil and could be diagnosed by the Rose Bengal Test taking into account the compatibility of clinical features with the positive result. The vaccination of livestock and boiling or pasteurization of milk are essential procedures to reduce the frequency of human brucellosis. https://jidc.org/index.php/journal/article/view/15669BrucellosisepidemiologyseroprevalenceRose Bengal Test
spellingShingle Dhary Alewy Almashhadany
Zean Fetehallah Zefenkey
Mohammed Naji Ahmed Odhah
Epidemiological study of human brucellosis among febrile patients in Erbil-Kurdistan region, Iraq
Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
Brucellosis
epidemiology
seroprevalence
Rose Bengal Test
title Epidemiological study of human brucellosis among febrile patients in Erbil-Kurdistan region, Iraq
title_full Epidemiological study of human brucellosis among febrile patients in Erbil-Kurdistan region, Iraq
title_fullStr Epidemiological study of human brucellosis among febrile patients in Erbil-Kurdistan region, Iraq
title_full_unstemmed Epidemiological study of human brucellosis among febrile patients in Erbil-Kurdistan region, Iraq
title_short Epidemiological study of human brucellosis among febrile patients in Erbil-Kurdistan region, Iraq
title_sort epidemiological study of human brucellosis among febrile patients in erbil kurdistan region iraq
topic Brucellosis
epidemiology
seroprevalence
Rose Bengal Test
url https://jidc.org/index.php/journal/article/view/15669
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AT zeanfetehallahzefenkey epidemiologicalstudyofhumanbrucellosisamongfebrilepatientsinerbilkurdistanregioniraq
AT mohammednajiahmedodhah epidemiologicalstudyofhumanbrucellosisamongfebrilepatientsinerbilkurdistanregioniraq