A Refined Neutrosophic Over/Under Probability Model with Off-Norm Operators for Evaluating the Efficiency of AI-Based Digital Tools in Korean Language Teaching

This paper presents a new mathematical model based on refined neutrosophic theory to evaluate the efficiency of AI-based digital tools in Korean language teaching. The model uses the concept of Over/Under Probability and uses Off-Norm operators to capture uncertain, inconsistent, or extreme values o...

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Main Author: Ting Yu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: University of New Mexico 2025-07-01
Series:Neutrosophic Sets and Systems
Subjects:
Online Access:https://fs.unm.edu/NSS/41RefinedNeutrosophic.pdf
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author Ting Yu
author_facet Ting Yu
author_sort Ting Yu
collection DOAJ
description This paper presents a new mathematical model based on refined neutrosophic theory to evaluate the efficiency of AI-based digital tools in Korean language teaching. The model uses the concept of Over/Under Probability and uses Off-Norm operators to capture uncertain, inconsistent, or extreme values often found in real classroom data. Instead of only measuring performance within the traditional range [0,1], our model allows values greater than 1 or less than 0 to represent over-performance or underperformance. We define precise equations to evaluate both the development and usage efficiency of educational tools. The model also includes inter-tool synergy using neutrosophic interaction rules. Two case studies are provided with full calculations to show how the model works in practice. Compared to traditional evaluation methods, our neutrosophic model gives deeper insight into tool performance, uncertainty, and collaboration.
format Article
id doaj-art-e68f29ea894b4fc5aadf2dc8d204916c
institution Kabale University
issn 2331-6055
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publishDate 2025-07-01
publisher University of New Mexico
record_format Article
series Neutrosophic Sets and Systems
spelling doaj-art-e68f29ea894b4fc5aadf2dc8d204916c2025-08-20T03:47:17ZengUniversity of New MexicoNeutrosophic Sets and Systems2331-60552331-608X2025-07-018766567710.5281/zenodo.15708533A Refined Neutrosophic Over/Under Probability Model with Off-Norm Operators for Evaluating the Efficiency of AI-Based Digital Tools in Korean Language TeachingTing YuThis paper presents a new mathematical model based on refined neutrosophic theory to evaluate the efficiency of AI-based digital tools in Korean language teaching. The model uses the concept of Over/Under Probability and uses Off-Norm operators to capture uncertain, inconsistent, or extreme values often found in real classroom data. Instead of only measuring performance within the traditional range [0,1], our model allows values greater than 1 or less than 0 to represent over-performance or underperformance. We define precise equations to evaluate both the development and usage efficiency of educational tools. The model also includes inter-tool synergy using neutrosophic interaction rules. Two case studies are provided with full calculations to show how the model works in practice. Compared to traditional evaluation methods, our neutrosophic model gives deeper insight into tool performance, uncertainty, and collaboration. https://fs.unm.edu/NSS/41RefinedNeutrosophic.pdfneutrosophic probabilityover/under probabilityoff-normtool efficiencykorean language teachinguncertainty modelingneutrosophic evaluationeducational measurement
spellingShingle Ting Yu
A Refined Neutrosophic Over/Under Probability Model with Off-Norm Operators for Evaluating the Efficiency of AI-Based Digital Tools in Korean Language Teaching
Neutrosophic Sets and Systems
neutrosophic probability
over/under probability
off-norm
tool efficiency
korean language teaching
uncertainty modeling
neutrosophic evaluation
educational measurement
title A Refined Neutrosophic Over/Under Probability Model with Off-Norm Operators for Evaluating the Efficiency of AI-Based Digital Tools in Korean Language Teaching
title_full A Refined Neutrosophic Over/Under Probability Model with Off-Norm Operators for Evaluating the Efficiency of AI-Based Digital Tools in Korean Language Teaching
title_fullStr A Refined Neutrosophic Over/Under Probability Model with Off-Norm Operators for Evaluating the Efficiency of AI-Based Digital Tools in Korean Language Teaching
title_full_unstemmed A Refined Neutrosophic Over/Under Probability Model with Off-Norm Operators for Evaluating the Efficiency of AI-Based Digital Tools in Korean Language Teaching
title_short A Refined Neutrosophic Over/Under Probability Model with Off-Norm Operators for Evaluating the Efficiency of AI-Based Digital Tools in Korean Language Teaching
title_sort refined neutrosophic over under probability model with off norm operators for evaluating the efficiency of ai based digital tools in korean language teaching
topic neutrosophic probability
over/under probability
off-norm
tool efficiency
korean language teaching
uncertainty modeling
neutrosophic evaluation
educational measurement
url https://fs.unm.edu/NSS/41RefinedNeutrosophic.pdf
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AT tingyu refinedneutrosophicoverunderprobabilitymodelwithoffnormoperatorsforevaluatingtheefficiencyofaibaseddigitaltoolsinkoreanlanguageteaching