Sex differences in exercise‐induced arterial hypoxemia and pulmonary edema following high‐intensity exercise in highly trained endurance athletes

Sex differences in exercise‐induced arterial hypoxemia and pulmonary edema following high‐intensity exercise in highly trained endurance athletes

Abstract This study investigated sex differences in the development of pulmonary edema and exercise‐induced arterial hypoxemia (EIAH) in well‐trained endurance athletes during near‐maximal exercise in a real‐world setting. Twenty participants (10M vs. 10F; V̇O2peak: 69.3 (8.8) vs. 50.7 (4.1) ml∙kg−1...

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Main Authors: Alanna S. Hind, Reid A. Mitchell, Olivia N. Ferguson, Morgan Flynn, Satvir S. Dhillon, Karine Badra, Kathryn M. Milne, Danilo Iannetta, Michael S. Koehle, Jordan A. Guenette
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2025-01-01
Series:Physiological Reports
Subjects:
arterial hypoxemia
b‐lines
exercise physiology
pulmonary edema
respiratory physiology
ultrasound
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.14814/phy2.70190
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Summary:Abstract This study investigated sex differences in the development of pulmonary edema and exercise‐induced arterial hypoxemia (EIAH) in well‐trained endurance athletes during near‐maximal exercise in a real‐world setting. Twenty participants (10M vs. 10F; V̇O2peak: 69.3 (8.8) vs. 50.7 (4.1) ml∙kg−1∙min−1) underwent a maximal incremental treadmill test (visit 1) and a time trial on a steep trail (~2.5 km, ~800 m elevation gain) in North Vancouver (visit 2). Pulmonary edema was evaluated using handheld lung ultrasound ~10–15 min post‐exercise and oxygen saturation (SpO2) was monitored using finger pulse oximetry. Males completed the time trial significantly faster than females (M: 31.5 (6.5) vs. F: 40.4 (7.5) min, p = 0.006), while females sustained a higher percentage of their visit 1 heart rate (M: 94 (1) vs. F: 96 (1) %max, p = 0.02). All participants developed EIAH, with no sex differences in end‐exercise SpO2 (M: 89 (4) % vs. F: 90 (3) %, respectively, p = 0.35). There was no evidence of pulmonary edema, assessed through ultrasound b‐line scores, with no differences between sexes (M: 0.3 (1.0) vs. F: 0.5 (1.5), respectively, p = 0.60). Pulmonary edema is an unlikely contributor to EIAH in endurance athletes performing near‐maximal time trial exercise in a real‐world setting.
ISSN:2051-817X

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