Temperature Proxies as a Solution to Biased Sampling of Lake Methane Emissions
Abstract Lake emissions of the climate forcing trace gas methane (CH4) are spatiotemporally variable, but biases in flux measurements arising from undersampling are poorly quantified. We use a multiyear data set (2009–2017) of ice‐free CH4 emissions from three subarctic lakes obtained with bubble tr...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2020-07-01
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| Series: | Geophysical Research Letters |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1029/2020GL088647 |
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| author | Joachim Jansen Brett F. Thornton Martin Wik Sally MacIntyre Patrick M. Crill |
| author_facet | Joachim Jansen Brett F. Thornton Martin Wik Sally MacIntyre Patrick M. Crill |
| author_sort | Joachim Jansen |
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| description | Abstract Lake emissions of the climate forcing trace gas methane (CH4) are spatiotemporally variable, but biases in flux measurements arising from undersampling are poorly quantified. We use a multiyear data set (2009–2017) of ice‐free CH4 emissions from three subarctic lakes obtained with bubble traps (n = 14,677), floating chambers (n = 1,306), and surface concentrations plus a gas transfer model (n = 535) to quantify these biases and evaluate corrections. Sampling primarily in warmer summer months, as is common, overestimates the ice‐free season flux by a factor 1.4–1.8. Temperature proxies based on Arrhenius functions that closely fit measured fluxes (R2 ≥ 0.93) enable gap filling the colder months of the ice‐free season and reduce sampling bias. Ebullition (activation energy 1.36 eV) expressed greater temperature sensitivity than diffusion (1.00 eV). Resolving seasonal and interannual variability in fluxes with proxies requires ∼135 sampling days for ebullition, and 22 and 14 days for diffusion via models and chambers, respectively. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e5fb9a8c4bae4618bf9a482f9fb607a3 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 0094-8276 1944-8007 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2020-07-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
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| series | Geophysical Research Letters |
| spelling | doaj-art-e5fb9a8c4bae4618bf9a482f9fb607a32025-08-20T03:47:41ZengWileyGeophysical Research Letters0094-82761944-80072020-07-014714n/an/a10.1029/2020GL088647Temperature Proxies as a Solution to Biased Sampling of Lake Methane EmissionsJoachim Jansen0Brett F. Thornton1Martin Wik2Sally MacIntyre3Patrick M. Crill4Department of Geological Sciences Stockholm University Stockholm SwedenDepartment of Geological Sciences Stockholm University Stockholm SwedenDepartment of Geological Sciences Stockholm University Stockholm SwedenMarine Science Institute University of California, Santa Barbara Santa Barbara CA USADepartment of Geological Sciences Stockholm University Stockholm SwedenAbstract Lake emissions of the climate forcing trace gas methane (CH4) are spatiotemporally variable, but biases in flux measurements arising from undersampling are poorly quantified. We use a multiyear data set (2009–2017) of ice‐free CH4 emissions from three subarctic lakes obtained with bubble traps (n = 14,677), floating chambers (n = 1,306), and surface concentrations plus a gas transfer model (n = 535) to quantify these biases and evaluate corrections. Sampling primarily in warmer summer months, as is common, overestimates the ice‐free season flux by a factor 1.4–1.8. Temperature proxies based on Arrhenius functions that closely fit measured fluxes (R2 ≥ 0.93) enable gap filling the colder months of the ice‐free season and reduce sampling bias. Ebullition (activation energy 1.36 eV) expressed greater temperature sensitivity than diffusion (1.00 eV). Resolving seasonal and interannual variability in fluxes with proxies requires ∼135 sampling days for ebullition, and 22 and 14 days for diffusion via models and chambers, respectively.https://doi.org/10.1029/2020GL088647methanenorthern lakesebullitiondiffusionsampling biastemperature proxies |
| spellingShingle | Joachim Jansen Brett F. Thornton Martin Wik Sally MacIntyre Patrick M. Crill Temperature Proxies as a Solution to Biased Sampling of Lake Methane Emissions Geophysical Research Letters methane northern lakes ebullition diffusion sampling bias temperature proxies |
| title | Temperature Proxies as a Solution to Biased Sampling of Lake Methane Emissions |
| title_full | Temperature Proxies as a Solution to Biased Sampling of Lake Methane Emissions |
| title_fullStr | Temperature Proxies as a Solution to Biased Sampling of Lake Methane Emissions |
| title_full_unstemmed | Temperature Proxies as a Solution to Biased Sampling of Lake Methane Emissions |
| title_short | Temperature Proxies as a Solution to Biased Sampling of Lake Methane Emissions |
| title_sort | temperature proxies as a solution to biased sampling of lake methane emissions |
| topic | methane northern lakes ebullition diffusion sampling bias temperature proxies |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1029/2020GL088647 |
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