Predicting Fibrosis Stage in MASH: The Role of Total Metabolic Syndrome Score and MMP-1

<i>Background and Objectives</i>: Fibrosis stage is the key histopathological determinant of liver-related outcomes in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH); however, a reliable noninvasive method for predicting fibrosis stage remains an unmet need. This study aimed to...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Bahadır Köylü, Cenk Sökmensüer, Muşturay Karçaaltıncaba, Onur Keskin
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-06-01
Series:Medicina
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/61/6/1102
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849432459591024640
author Bahadır Köylü
Cenk Sökmensüer
Muşturay Karçaaltıncaba
Onur Keskin
author_facet Bahadır Köylü
Cenk Sökmensüer
Muşturay Karçaaltıncaba
Onur Keskin
author_sort Bahadır Köylü
collection DOAJ
description <i>Background and Objectives</i>: Fibrosis stage is the key histopathological determinant of liver-related outcomes in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH); however, a reliable noninvasive method for predicting fibrosis stage remains an unmet need. This study aimed to develop an accurate, practical, and noninvasive tool for identifying “at-risk MASH patients”. <i>Materials and Methods</i>: Fifty-six patients with biopsy-confirmed MASH were prospectively enrolled and categorized into fibrosis stages using the NASH-CRN system. In addition to anthropometric and biochemical parameters, seven serum fibrosis biomarkers were evaluated across fibrosis stages. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to construct a scoring model for predicting ≥F2 fibrosis. The diagnostic performance of the proposed model was compared with established noninvasive tests (NITs) and magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) for detecting both ≥F2 and ≥F3 fibrosis. <i>Results</i>: The total metabolic syndrome score was the only variable that significantly distinguished between F1 and F2 stages (<i>p</i> = 0.039). Among the biomarkers, matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) showed a significant difference across fibrosis groups (<i>p</i> = 0.009). The AST/ALT ratio was the most robust predictor for differentiating ≥F3 (<i>p</i> < 0.001). A scoring model integrating the total metabolic syndrome score, MMP-1, and AST/ALT ratio demonstrated superior diagnostic accuracy for identifying ≥F2 (AUROC 0.88, 95% CI 0.79–0.97) compared to other NITs and MRE, and strong performance for detecting ≥F3 (AUROC 0.95, 95% CI 0.90–1.00). <i>Conclusions</i>: Total metabolic syndrome score and MMP-1 are promising candidates for future approaches. Combining total metabolic syndrome score, MMP-1, and AST/ALT ratio might detect ≥F2 in MASH with higher diagnostic accuracy than other NITs and MRE.
format Article
id doaj-art-e52e1ba11fbb4f2a8d089aa4c13a42c0
institution Kabale University
issn 1010-660X
1648-9144
language English
publishDate 2025-06-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Medicina
spelling doaj-art-e52e1ba11fbb4f2a8d089aa4c13a42c02025-08-20T03:27:21ZengMDPI AGMedicina1010-660X1648-91442025-06-01616110210.3390/medicina61061102Predicting Fibrosis Stage in MASH: The Role of Total Metabolic Syndrome Score and MMP-1Bahadır Köylü0Cenk Sökmensüer1Muşturay Karçaaltıncaba2Onur Keskin3Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, 06230 Ankara, TurkeyDepartment of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, 06230 Ankara, TurkeyDepartment of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, 06230 Ankara, TurkeyDivision of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, 06230 Ankara, Turkey<i>Background and Objectives</i>: Fibrosis stage is the key histopathological determinant of liver-related outcomes in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH); however, a reliable noninvasive method for predicting fibrosis stage remains an unmet need. This study aimed to develop an accurate, practical, and noninvasive tool for identifying “at-risk MASH patients”. <i>Materials and Methods</i>: Fifty-six patients with biopsy-confirmed MASH were prospectively enrolled and categorized into fibrosis stages using the NASH-CRN system. In addition to anthropometric and biochemical parameters, seven serum fibrosis biomarkers were evaluated across fibrosis stages. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to construct a scoring model for predicting ≥F2 fibrosis. The diagnostic performance of the proposed model was compared with established noninvasive tests (NITs) and magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) for detecting both ≥F2 and ≥F3 fibrosis. <i>Results</i>: The total metabolic syndrome score was the only variable that significantly distinguished between F1 and F2 stages (<i>p</i> = 0.039). Among the biomarkers, matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) showed a significant difference across fibrosis groups (<i>p</i> = 0.009). The AST/ALT ratio was the most robust predictor for differentiating ≥F3 (<i>p</i> < 0.001). A scoring model integrating the total metabolic syndrome score, MMP-1, and AST/ALT ratio demonstrated superior diagnostic accuracy for identifying ≥F2 (AUROC 0.88, 95% CI 0.79–0.97) compared to other NITs and MRE, and strong performance for detecting ≥F3 (AUROC 0.95, 95% CI 0.90–1.00). <i>Conclusions</i>: Total metabolic syndrome score and MMP-1 are promising candidates for future approaches. Combining total metabolic syndrome score, MMP-1, and AST/ALT ratio might detect ≥F2 in MASH with higher diagnostic accuracy than other NITs and MRE.https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/61/6/1102fatty liverbiomarkermagnetic resonance elastographyliver fibrosis
spellingShingle Bahadır Köylü
Cenk Sökmensüer
Muşturay Karçaaltıncaba
Onur Keskin
Predicting Fibrosis Stage in MASH: The Role of Total Metabolic Syndrome Score and MMP-1
Medicina
fatty liver
biomarker
magnetic resonance elastography
liver fibrosis
title Predicting Fibrosis Stage in MASH: The Role of Total Metabolic Syndrome Score and MMP-1
title_full Predicting Fibrosis Stage in MASH: The Role of Total Metabolic Syndrome Score and MMP-1
title_fullStr Predicting Fibrosis Stage in MASH: The Role of Total Metabolic Syndrome Score and MMP-1
title_full_unstemmed Predicting Fibrosis Stage in MASH: The Role of Total Metabolic Syndrome Score and MMP-1
title_short Predicting Fibrosis Stage in MASH: The Role of Total Metabolic Syndrome Score and MMP-1
title_sort predicting fibrosis stage in mash the role of total metabolic syndrome score and mmp 1
topic fatty liver
biomarker
magnetic resonance elastography
liver fibrosis
url https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/61/6/1102
work_keys_str_mv AT bahadırkoylu predictingfibrosisstageinmashtheroleoftotalmetabolicsyndromescoreandmmp1
AT cenksokmensuer predictingfibrosisstageinmashtheroleoftotalmetabolicsyndromescoreandmmp1
AT musturaykarcaaltıncaba predictingfibrosisstageinmashtheroleoftotalmetabolicsyndromescoreandmmp1
AT onurkeskin predictingfibrosisstageinmashtheroleoftotalmetabolicsyndromescoreandmmp1