Human Epididymis Protein 4 (HE4) as a promising biomarker and therapy target in fibrotic diseases: A review
The treatment of fibrosis faces a significant challenge due to the lack of effective therapies that can reverse established fibrosis. Early detection is vital for intervention, yet distinguishing fibrosis from normal tissue repair is complex. Human Epididymis Protein 4 (HE4), a traditional tumor mar...
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KeAi Communications Co., Ltd.
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Journal of Holistic Integrative Pharmacy |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2707368824000645 |
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| author | Huiqun Tian Li Chen |
| author_facet | Huiqun Tian Li Chen |
| author_sort | Huiqun Tian |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The treatment of fibrosis faces a significant challenge due to the lack of effective therapies that can reverse established fibrosis. Early detection is vital for intervention, yet distinguishing fibrosis from normal tissue repair is complex. Human Epididymis Protein 4 (HE4), a traditional tumor marker, has been found to be increased in some non-neoplastic conditions, such as fibrosis related diseases. According to properties analysis, HE4 has been characterized as a highly stable cross-class protease inhibitor, which interacts with key fibrotic proteins (such as MMP2 and PRSS family members) and potentially involves in the progression of fibrosis by inhibiting the enzymatic activity of these proteins. Meanwhile, studies indicated that HE4 may be involved in fibrosis through PI3K/AKT, NF-κB, MAPK, and other signaling pathways. Here we summarized the latest research progress of HE4 in pulmonary fibrosis, renal fibrosis, myocardial fibrosis, liver fibrosis, and autoimmune diseases induced fibrosis. As reported in this review, HE4 was closely related to disease severity and prognosis, and also was a promising prognostic evaluation marker and therapeutic intervention target for fibrotic diseases. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e4f1fd9f4be14dc2a6f4801f81cb87c4 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2707-3688 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | KeAi Communications Co., Ltd. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Holistic Integrative Pharmacy |
| spelling | doaj-art-e4f1fd9f4be14dc2a6f4801f81cb87c42024-12-31T04:13:29ZengKeAi Communications Co., Ltd.Journal of Holistic Integrative Pharmacy2707-36882024-12-0154291298Human Epididymis Protein 4 (HE4) as a promising biomarker and therapy target in fibrotic diseases: A reviewHuiqun Tian0Li Chen1Department of Laboratory, The Second People's Hospital of Yichang/The Second People's Hospital of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443000, ChinaCorresponding author.; Department of Laboratory, The Second People's Hospital of Yichang/The Second People's Hospital of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443000, ChinaThe treatment of fibrosis faces a significant challenge due to the lack of effective therapies that can reverse established fibrosis. Early detection is vital for intervention, yet distinguishing fibrosis from normal tissue repair is complex. Human Epididymis Protein 4 (HE4), a traditional tumor marker, has been found to be increased in some non-neoplastic conditions, such as fibrosis related diseases. According to properties analysis, HE4 has been characterized as a highly stable cross-class protease inhibitor, which interacts with key fibrotic proteins (such as MMP2 and PRSS family members) and potentially involves in the progression of fibrosis by inhibiting the enzymatic activity of these proteins. Meanwhile, studies indicated that HE4 may be involved in fibrosis through PI3K/AKT, NF-κB, MAPK, and other signaling pathways. Here we summarized the latest research progress of HE4 in pulmonary fibrosis, renal fibrosis, myocardial fibrosis, liver fibrosis, and autoimmune diseases induced fibrosis. As reported in this review, HE4 was closely related to disease severity and prognosis, and also was a promising prognostic evaluation marker and therapeutic intervention target for fibrotic diseases.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2707368824000645Human Epididymis Protein 4 (HE4)Pulmonary fibrosisRenal fibrosisMyocardial fibrosisAutoimmune diseasesLiver fibrosis |
| spellingShingle | Huiqun Tian Li Chen Human Epididymis Protein 4 (HE4) as a promising biomarker and therapy target in fibrotic diseases: A review Journal of Holistic Integrative Pharmacy Human Epididymis Protein 4 (HE4) Pulmonary fibrosis Renal fibrosis Myocardial fibrosis Autoimmune diseases Liver fibrosis |
| title | Human Epididymis Protein 4 (HE4) as a promising biomarker and therapy target in fibrotic diseases: A review |
| title_full | Human Epididymis Protein 4 (HE4) as a promising biomarker and therapy target in fibrotic diseases: A review |
| title_fullStr | Human Epididymis Protein 4 (HE4) as a promising biomarker and therapy target in fibrotic diseases: A review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Human Epididymis Protein 4 (HE4) as a promising biomarker and therapy target in fibrotic diseases: A review |
| title_short | Human Epididymis Protein 4 (HE4) as a promising biomarker and therapy target in fibrotic diseases: A review |
| title_sort | human epididymis protein 4 he4 as a promising biomarker and therapy target in fibrotic diseases a review |
| topic | Human Epididymis Protein 4 (HE4) Pulmonary fibrosis Renal fibrosis Myocardial fibrosis Autoimmune diseases Liver fibrosis |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2707368824000645 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT huiquntian humanepididymisprotein4he4asapromisingbiomarkerandtherapytargetinfibroticdiseasesareview AT lichen humanepididymisprotein4he4asapromisingbiomarkerandtherapytargetinfibroticdiseasesareview |