Patient use of pulse oximetry to support management of COVID-19 in Greater Manchester: A non-randomised evaluation using a target trial approach.

<h4>Introduction</h4>The pandemic saw widespread use of home pulse oximeters to patients diagnosed with COVID-19 to support early detection of low oxygen saturation levels and appropriate care. Rapid implementation made conventional evaluation challenging, highlighting the need for rigor...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Fernando Rubinstein, Richard Williams, Jo Dumville, Binita Kane, William Whittaker, Peter Bower, Evangelos Kontopantelis
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2024-01-01
Series:PLoS ONE
Online Access:https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0310822&type=printable
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1846163653800230912
author Fernando Rubinstein
Richard Williams
Jo Dumville
Binita Kane
William Whittaker
Peter Bower
Evangelos Kontopantelis
author_facet Fernando Rubinstein
Richard Williams
Jo Dumville
Binita Kane
William Whittaker
Peter Bower
Evangelos Kontopantelis
author_sort Fernando Rubinstein
collection DOAJ
description <h4>Introduction</h4>The pandemic saw widespread use of home pulse oximeters to patients diagnosed with COVID-19 to support early detection of low oxygen saturation levels and appropriate care. Rapid implementation made conventional evaluation challenging, highlighting the need for rigorous non-randomised methods to support decision-making about future use of these technologies. We used routine data to explore the benefits of pulse oximetry in Greater Manchester, under the 'COVID-19 oximetry at home' (CO@h) programme.<h4>Methods</h4>We used data from the Greater Manchester Secure Data Environment and defined study parameters using a 'target trial' model to compare patients receiving pulse oximetry under the CO@h programme, with matched controls using various comparator groups. Primary outcomes were unplanned hospitalisation and all-cause mortality. This study is based on data from the Greater Manchester Care Record (GMCR), using anonymised, routinely collected data provided in a de-identified format for research. Informed written consent is needed for primary care patient data to be collected for service improvement and research, before data extraction to the GMCR. The study was approved under protocol GMCR RQ-048, on 12/05/2022. As indicated by the University of Manchester ethics decision tool, formal ethical approval was not required for this study.<h4>Results</h4>The adjusted odds ratios for an unplanned hospitalisation were higher among patients receiving pulse oximetry: OR 1.86 (95% CI 1.54-2.25) at 28 days, 1.5 (95% CI 1.3-1.74) at 90 days and 1.63 (95% CI 1.44-1.83) at 1 year. Overall odds of mortality were lower among patients receiving pulse oximetry: adjusted ORs of 0.5 (95% CI 0.25-0.98) at 28 days, 0.5 (95% CI 0.32-0.78) at 90 days and 0.58 (95% CI 0.44-0.76) at 1 year. The results were robust to different comparison groups.<h4>Conclusion</h4>Use of pulse oximetry at home under the CO@h programme, through the resulting prioritisation for appropriate care, was associated with a higher frequency of unplanned admissions and a reduction in the risk of mortality up to 1 year later. Therefore, it is likely effective for early detection of clinical deterioration and timely intervention among patients with COVID-19. Further research is needed to understand whether this is a cost-effective use of healthcare resources.
format Article
id doaj-art-e4b58f06a7f844da82948cb15174f407
institution Kabale University
issn 1932-6203
language English
publishDate 2024-01-01
publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
record_format Article
series PLoS ONE
spelling doaj-art-e4b58f06a7f844da82948cb15174f4072024-11-19T05:31:14ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032024-01-011911e031082210.1371/journal.pone.0310822Patient use of pulse oximetry to support management of COVID-19 in Greater Manchester: A non-randomised evaluation using a target trial approach.Fernando RubinsteinRichard WilliamsJo DumvilleBinita KaneWilliam WhittakerPeter BowerEvangelos Kontopantelis<h4>Introduction</h4>The pandemic saw widespread use of home pulse oximeters to patients diagnosed with COVID-19 to support early detection of low oxygen saturation levels and appropriate care. Rapid implementation made conventional evaluation challenging, highlighting the need for rigorous non-randomised methods to support decision-making about future use of these technologies. We used routine data to explore the benefits of pulse oximetry in Greater Manchester, under the 'COVID-19 oximetry at home' (CO@h) programme.<h4>Methods</h4>We used data from the Greater Manchester Secure Data Environment and defined study parameters using a 'target trial' model to compare patients receiving pulse oximetry under the CO@h programme, with matched controls using various comparator groups. Primary outcomes were unplanned hospitalisation and all-cause mortality. This study is based on data from the Greater Manchester Care Record (GMCR), using anonymised, routinely collected data provided in a de-identified format for research. Informed written consent is needed for primary care patient data to be collected for service improvement and research, before data extraction to the GMCR. The study was approved under protocol GMCR RQ-048, on 12/05/2022. As indicated by the University of Manchester ethics decision tool, formal ethical approval was not required for this study.<h4>Results</h4>The adjusted odds ratios for an unplanned hospitalisation were higher among patients receiving pulse oximetry: OR 1.86 (95% CI 1.54-2.25) at 28 days, 1.5 (95% CI 1.3-1.74) at 90 days and 1.63 (95% CI 1.44-1.83) at 1 year. Overall odds of mortality were lower among patients receiving pulse oximetry: adjusted ORs of 0.5 (95% CI 0.25-0.98) at 28 days, 0.5 (95% CI 0.32-0.78) at 90 days and 0.58 (95% CI 0.44-0.76) at 1 year. The results were robust to different comparison groups.<h4>Conclusion</h4>Use of pulse oximetry at home under the CO@h programme, through the resulting prioritisation for appropriate care, was associated with a higher frequency of unplanned admissions and a reduction in the risk of mortality up to 1 year later. Therefore, it is likely effective for early detection of clinical deterioration and timely intervention among patients with COVID-19. Further research is needed to understand whether this is a cost-effective use of healthcare resources.https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0310822&type=printable
spellingShingle Fernando Rubinstein
Richard Williams
Jo Dumville
Binita Kane
William Whittaker
Peter Bower
Evangelos Kontopantelis
Patient use of pulse oximetry to support management of COVID-19 in Greater Manchester: A non-randomised evaluation using a target trial approach.
PLoS ONE
title Patient use of pulse oximetry to support management of COVID-19 in Greater Manchester: A non-randomised evaluation using a target trial approach.
title_full Patient use of pulse oximetry to support management of COVID-19 in Greater Manchester: A non-randomised evaluation using a target trial approach.
title_fullStr Patient use of pulse oximetry to support management of COVID-19 in Greater Manchester: A non-randomised evaluation using a target trial approach.
title_full_unstemmed Patient use of pulse oximetry to support management of COVID-19 in Greater Manchester: A non-randomised evaluation using a target trial approach.
title_short Patient use of pulse oximetry to support management of COVID-19 in Greater Manchester: A non-randomised evaluation using a target trial approach.
title_sort patient use of pulse oximetry to support management of covid 19 in greater manchester a non randomised evaluation using a target trial approach
url https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0310822&type=printable
work_keys_str_mv AT fernandorubinstein patientuseofpulseoximetrytosupportmanagementofcovid19ingreatermanchesteranonrandomisedevaluationusingatargettrialapproach
AT richardwilliams patientuseofpulseoximetrytosupportmanagementofcovid19ingreatermanchesteranonrandomisedevaluationusingatargettrialapproach
AT jodumville patientuseofpulseoximetrytosupportmanagementofcovid19ingreatermanchesteranonrandomisedevaluationusingatargettrialapproach
AT binitakane patientuseofpulseoximetrytosupportmanagementofcovid19ingreatermanchesteranonrandomisedevaluationusingatargettrialapproach
AT williamwhittaker patientuseofpulseoximetrytosupportmanagementofcovid19ingreatermanchesteranonrandomisedevaluationusingatargettrialapproach
AT peterbower patientuseofpulseoximetrytosupportmanagementofcovid19ingreatermanchesteranonrandomisedevaluationusingatargettrialapproach
AT evangeloskontopantelis patientuseofpulseoximetrytosupportmanagementofcovid19ingreatermanchesteranonrandomisedevaluationusingatargettrialapproach