Energy Expenditure and Maintenance Requirements in Non-Pregnant First-Parity Sows
Five sows, non-pregnant after the first parity (body weight: 174 ± 11 kg), were used to determine energy expenditure (EE) measured as heat production (HP). Sows were fed first 1.0, then 2.0, times the recommended maintenance energy requirement (ME<sub>m</sub>) for one week each. Sows rec...
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2024-11-01
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| author | Ryan S. Samuel Soenke Moehn Ronald O. Ball |
| author_facet | Ryan S. Samuel Soenke Moehn Ronald O. Ball |
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| description | Five sows, non-pregnant after the first parity (body weight: 174 ± 11 kg), were used to determine energy expenditure (EE) measured as heat production (HP). Sows were fed first 1.0, then 2.0, times the recommended maintenance energy requirement (ME<sub>m</sub>) for one week each. Sows received half their daily ration in 16 half-hourly meals, then the remaining half in a large meal followed by an overnight fast in respiration chambers. Sows fed 1.0 ME<sub>m</sub> consumed 473 kJ ME/kg<sup>0.75</sup> (22.8 MJ/d) and lost weight (−198 g/d) because HP (24.0 MJ/d) was greater than intake. Sows fed 2.0 ME<sub>m</sub> consumed 925 kJ ME/kg<sup>0.75</sup> (44.9 MJ/d) and gained 1292 g/d and HP was 32.3 MJ/d. The respiratory quotient (RQ) of sows fed 2.0 ME<sub>m</sub> was greater than one, indicating body fat deposition. The HP when sows were eating repeated small meals (33.6 MJ/d) or a single large meal (29.8 MJ/d) was greater (<i>p</i> < 0.05) than the HP in the following 2 h (25.2 MJ/d). Based upon the recalculation of ME<sub>m</sub> using the present data, 506 kJ ME/kg<sup>0.75</sup> is proposed as the ME<sub>m</sub> for non-pregnant modern sows. |
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| spelling | doaj-art-e471dd30f4b049f29e781cf8fadb49082024-11-26T17:46:02ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152024-11-011422327610.3390/ani14223276Energy Expenditure and Maintenance Requirements in Non-Pregnant First-Parity SowsRyan S. Samuel0Soenke Moehn1Ronald O. Ball2Department of Animal Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57006, USADepartment of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, CanadaDepartment of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, CanadaFive sows, non-pregnant after the first parity (body weight: 174 ± 11 kg), were used to determine energy expenditure (EE) measured as heat production (HP). Sows were fed first 1.0, then 2.0, times the recommended maintenance energy requirement (ME<sub>m</sub>) for one week each. Sows received half their daily ration in 16 half-hourly meals, then the remaining half in a large meal followed by an overnight fast in respiration chambers. Sows fed 1.0 ME<sub>m</sub> consumed 473 kJ ME/kg<sup>0.75</sup> (22.8 MJ/d) and lost weight (−198 g/d) because HP (24.0 MJ/d) was greater than intake. Sows fed 2.0 ME<sub>m</sub> consumed 925 kJ ME/kg<sup>0.75</sup> (44.9 MJ/d) and gained 1292 g/d and HP was 32.3 MJ/d. The respiratory quotient (RQ) of sows fed 2.0 ME<sub>m</sub> was greater than one, indicating body fat deposition. The HP when sows were eating repeated small meals (33.6 MJ/d) or a single large meal (29.8 MJ/d) was greater (<i>p</i> < 0.05) than the HP in the following 2 h (25.2 MJ/d). Based upon the recalculation of ME<sub>m</sub> using the present data, 506 kJ ME/kg<sup>0.75</sup> is proposed as the ME<sub>m</sub> for non-pregnant modern sows.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/14/22/3276sowmaintenance energy requirementcalorimetryenergy expenditureheat productionfeeding levels |
| spellingShingle | Ryan S. Samuel Soenke Moehn Ronald O. Ball Energy Expenditure and Maintenance Requirements in Non-Pregnant First-Parity Sows Animals sow maintenance energy requirement calorimetry energy expenditure heat production feeding levels |
| title | Energy Expenditure and Maintenance Requirements in Non-Pregnant First-Parity Sows |
| title_full | Energy Expenditure and Maintenance Requirements in Non-Pregnant First-Parity Sows |
| title_fullStr | Energy Expenditure and Maintenance Requirements in Non-Pregnant First-Parity Sows |
| title_full_unstemmed | Energy Expenditure and Maintenance Requirements in Non-Pregnant First-Parity Sows |
| title_short | Energy Expenditure and Maintenance Requirements in Non-Pregnant First-Parity Sows |
| title_sort | energy expenditure and maintenance requirements in non pregnant first parity sows |
| topic | sow maintenance energy requirement calorimetry energy expenditure heat production feeding levels |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/14/22/3276 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT ryanssamuel energyexpenditureandmaintenancerequirementsinnonpregnantfirstparitysows AT soenkemoehn energyexpenditureandmaintenancerequirementsinnonpregnantfirstparitysows AT ronaldoball energyexpenditureandmaintenancerequirementsinnonpregnantfirstparitysows |