The Quality of the Zygmunt Spring Water (Southern Poland) – Preliminary Results

Natural springs are one of the potential sources of water supply, but due to negative anthropogenic impacts, the water quality can deteriorate. The Zygmunt Spring in Złoty Potok does not form the basis of the population’s water supply, but it is constantly being exploited by residents and tourists....

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Dąbrowska Dominika, Ruman Marek, Wróbel Jacek
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Sciendo 2024-09-01
Series:Quaestiones Geographicae
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.14746/quageo-2024-0032
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1846162271680593920
author Dąbrowska Dominika
Ruman Marek
Wróbel Jacek
author_facet Dąbrowska Dominika
Ruman Marek
Wróbel Jacek
author_sort Dąbrowska Dominika
collection DOAJ
description Natural springs are one of the potential sources of water supply, but due to negative anthropogenic impacts, the water quality can deteriorate. The Zygmunt Spring in Złoty Potok does not form the basis of the population’s water supply, but it is constantly being exploited by residents and tourists. This study was carried out at Zygmunt Spring in two measurement series for 34 physicochemical and bacteriological parameters. The average electrolytic conductivity (EC) of the water in this spring is about 0.039 S · m−1, the pH is about 7.04 and the discharge is equal to 15 dm3 · s−1. The test results were compared with the permissible limits for national drinking water, groundwater quality and WHO standards. The value of the Backman pollution index was calculated for these parameters. This index takes into account parameters that exceed the upper permissible concentrations of contaminants. The Backman Contamination Index value was about -13, but the results of bacteriological analyses indicate a very high number of microorganisms in the water (>300 cfu · mL−1), indicating a high health risk.
format Article
id doaj-art-e27037819a1749c1a53b080b86d90132
institution Kabale University
issn 2081-6383
language English
publishDate 2024-09-01
publisher Sciendo
record_format Article
series Quaestiones Geographicae
spelling doaj-art-e27037819a1749c1a53b080b86d901322024-11-20T15:34:05ZengSciendoQuaestiones Geographicae2081-63832024-09-0143312513310.14746/quageo-2024-0032The Quality of the Zygmunt Spring Water (Southern Poland) – Preliminary ResultsDąbrowska Dominika0Ruman Marek1Wróbel Jacek2University of Silesia, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Earth Sciences, Będzińska 60, 41-200Sosnowiec, PolandUniversity of Silesia, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Earth Sciences, Będzińska 60, 41-200Sosnowiec, PolandUniversity of Silesia, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Earth Sciences, Będzińska 60, 41-200Sosnowiec, PolandNatural springs are one of the potential sources of water supply, but due to negative anthropogenic impacts, the water quality can deteriorate. The Zygmunt Spring in Złoty Potok does not form the basis of the population’s water supply, but it is constantly being exploited by residents and tourists. This study was carried out at Zygmunt Spring in two measurement series for 34 physicochemical and bacteriological parameters. The average electrolytic conductivity (EC) of the water in this spring is about 0.039 S · m−1, the pH is about 7.04 and the discharge is equal to 15 dm3 · s−1. The test results were compared with the permissible limits for national drinking water, groundwater quality and WHO standards. The value of the Backman pollution index was calculated for these parameters. This index takes into account parameters that exceed the upper permissible concentrations of contaminants. The Backman Contamination Index value was about -13, but the results of bacteriological analyses indicate a very high number of microorganisms in the water (>300 cfu · mL−1), indicating a high health risk.https://doi.org/10.14746/quageo-2024-0032springkarstwater qualitymicrobiologythe backman contamination indexriskzłoty potok
spellingShingle Dąbrowska Dominika
Ruman Marek
Wróbel Jacek
The Quality of the Zygmunt Spring Water (Southern Poland) – Preliminary Results
Quaestiones Geographicae
spring
karst
water quality
microbiology
the backman contamination index
risk
złoty potok
title The Quality of the Zygmunt Spring Water (Southern Poland) – Preliminary Results
title_full The Quality of the Zygmunt Spring Water (Southern Poland) – Preliminary Results
title_fullStr The Quality of the Zygmunt Spring Water (Southern Poland) – Preliminary Results
title_full_unstemmed The Quality of the Zygmunt Spring Water (Southern Poland) – Preliminary Results
title_short The Quality of the Zygmunt Spring Water (Southern Poland) – Preliminary Results
title_sort quality of the zygmunt spring water southern poland preliminary results
topic spring
karst
water quality
microbiology
the backman contamination index
risk
złoty potok
url https://doi.org/10.14746/quageo-2024-0032
work_keys_str_mv AT dabrowskadominika thequalityofthezygmuntspringwatersouthernpolandpreliminaryresults
AT rumanmarek thequalityofthezygmuntspringwatersouthernpolandpreliminaryresults
AT wrobeljacek thequalityofthezygmuntspringwatersouthernpolandpreliminaryresults
AT dabrowskadominika qualityofthezygmuntspringwatersouthernpolandpreliminaryresults
AT rumanmarek qualityofthezygmuntspringwatersouthernpolandpreliminaryresults
AT wrobeljacek qualityofthezygmuntspringwatersouthernpolandpreliminaryresults