Efficacy and Safety of Dupilumab Across Different Th2-Type-Mediated Diseases: A Real-Life Preliminary Experience

Background: Dupilumab, a fully human monoclonal antibody targeting the interleukin (IL)-4/IL-13 pathway, is able to dampen T helper (Th)2-mediated inflammation in several conditions characterized by this particular type of phlogosis. The aim of this study was to review the efficacy and safety of dup...

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Main Authors: Ciro Romano, Domenico Cozzolino, Maria Elena Corona, Ernesto Aitella
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-01-01
Series:Biologics
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2673-8449/5/1/3
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author Ciro Romano
Domenico Cozzolino
Maria Elena Corona
Ernesto Aitella
author_facet Ciro Romano
Domenico Cozzolino
Maria Elena Corona
Ernesto Aitella
author_sort Ciro Romano
collection DOAJ
description Background: Dupilumab, a fully human monoclonal antibody targeting the interleukin (IL)-4/IL-13 pathway, is able to dampen T helper (Th)2-mediated inflammation in several conditions characterized by this particular type of phlogosis. The aim of this study was to review the efficacy and safety of dupilumab treatment in conditions underpinned by Th2-type inflammation in a cohort of real-world patients referred to our outpatient clinic. Methods: Data from all patients with atopic dermatitis, chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps, asthma, and other Th2-type-mediated inflammatory conditions treated with dupilumab were retrospectively reviewed. Results: Twenty-two patients were included in the study: 14 with atopic dermatitis, 5 with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps, 2 with asthma, and 1 with prurigo nodularis; some of the patients had more than one atopic condition. A complete response was observed in 13 out of 22 patients (59.1%); when partial responses were included in the analysis, the overall response rate was 86.4%. No adverse events were recorded, either locally or systemically. Total IgE levels dropped in all patients, in some cases reaching values close to those typically observed in nonatopic subjects. When eosinophilia was present at baseline, this also normalized during dupilumab treatment. Conclusions: Dupilumab was safe and effective across multiple conditions driven by Th2-type chronic inflammation; effective interference with the Th2-type pathway was inferred by the progressive reduction in serum total IgE levels, which reached the normal range in a fraction of patients, and by the reduction in peripheral blood eosinophil counts. Further studies in different Th2-mediated diseases are warranted.
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spelling doaj-art-e221ef027af84ec4ae53b56e23f9c9aa2025-08-20T03:43:30ZengMDPI AGBiologics2673-84492025-01-0151310.3390/biologics5010003Efficacy and Safety of Dupilumab Across Different Th2-Type-Mediated Diseases: A Real-Life Preliminary ExperienceCiro Romano0Domenico Cozzolino1Maria Elena Corona2Ernesto Aitella3Clinical Immunology Outpatient Clinic, Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, “Luigi Vanvitelli” University of Campania, 80138 Naples, ItalyDepartment of Precision Medicine, “Luigi Vanvitelli” University of Campania, 80138 Naples, ItalyClinical Immunology Outpatient Clinic, Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, “Luigi Vanvitelli” University of Campania, 80138 Naples, ItalyAllergy and Clinical Immunology, “G. Mazzini” Hospital, ASL Teramo, 64100 Teramo, ItalyBackground: Dupilumab, a fully human monoclonal antibody targeting the interleukin (IL)-4/IL-13 pathway, is able to dampen T helper (Th)2-mediated inflammation in several conditions characterized by this particular type of phlogosis. The aim of this study was to review the efficacy and safety of dupilumab treatment in conditions underpinned by Th2-type inflammation in a cohort of real-world patients referred to our outpatient clinic. Methods: Data from all patients with atopic dermatitis, chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps, asthma, and other Th2-type-mediated inflammatory conditions treated with dupilumab were retrospectively reviewed. Results: Twenty-two patients were included in the study: 14 with atopic dermatitis, 5 with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps, 2 with asthma, and 1 with prurigo nodularis; some of the patients had more than one atopic condition. A complete response was observed in 13 out of 22 patients (59.1%); when partial responses were included in the analysis, the overall response rate was 86.4%. No adverse events were recorded, either locally or systemically. Total IgE levels dropped in all patients, in some cases reaching values close to those typically observed in nonatopic subjects. When eosinophilia was present at baseline, this also normalized during dupilumab treatment. Conclusions: Dupilumab was safe and effective across multiple conditions driven by Th2-type chronic inflammation; effective interference with the Th2-type pathway was inferred by the progressive reduction in serum total IgE levels, which reached the normal range in a fraction of patients, and by the reduction in peripheral blood eosinophil counts. Further studies in different Th2-mediated diseases are warranted.https://www.mdpi.com/2673-8449/5/1/3dupilumabTh2-type inflammationatopic dermatitischronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polypsasthmaprurigo nodularis
spellingShingle Ciro Romano
Domenico Cozzolino
Maria Elena Corona
Ernesto Aitella
Efficacy and Safety of Dupilumab Across Different Th2-Type-Mediated Diseases: A Real-Life Preliminary Experience
Biologics
dupilumab
Th2-type inflammation
atopic dermatitis
chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps
asthma
prurigo nodularis
title Efficacy and Safety of Dupilumab Across Different Th2-Type-Mediated Diseases: A Real-Life Preliminary Experience
title_full Efficacy and Safety of Dupilumab Across Different Th2-Type-Mediated Diseases: A Real-Life Preliminary Experience
title_fullStr Efficacy and Safety of Dupilumab Across Different Th2-Type-Mediated Diseases: A Real-Life Preliminary Experience
title_full_unstemmed Efficacy and Safety of Dupilumab Across Different Th2-Type-Mediated Diseases: A Real-Life Preliminary Experience
title_short Efficacy and Safety of Dupilumab Across Different Th2-Type-Mediated Diseases: A Real-Life Preliminary Experience
title_sort efficacy and safety of dupilumab across different th2 type mediated diseases a real life preliminary experience
topic dupilumab
Th2-type inflammation
atopic dermatitis
chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps
asthma
prurigo nodularis
url https://www.mdpi.com/2673-8449/5/1/3
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AT mariaelenacorona efficacyandsafetyofdupilumabacrossdifferentth2typemediateddiseasesareallifepreliminaryexperience
AT ernestoaitella efficacyandsafetyofdupilumabacrossdifferentth2typemediateddiseasesareallifepreliminaryexperience