On the Salt Bath Cleaning Operations for Removal of Lubricants on the Surface of Titanium Alloy Aerospace Fasteners

Aerospace fasteners are a ubiquitous component within the aerospace, air-frame, and aero-engine industries due to the essential role they play in structural integrity. Ti-6Al-4V is a common material for fasteners to be manufactured from, owing to the excellent strength-to-density ratio the material...

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Main Authors: Richard Turner, Caitlin Edgerton, Jack Hobby, Jakub Mierzejewski, Taahir Patel, Nils Warnken
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-11-01
Series:Lubricants
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4442/12/12/418
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author Richard Turner
Caitlin Edgerton
Jack Hobby
Jakub Mierzejewski
Taahir Patel
Nils Warnken
author_facet Richard Turner
Caitlin Edgerton
Jack Hobby
Jakub Mierzejewski
Taahir Patel
Nils Warnken
author_sort Richard Turner
collection DOAJ
description Aerospace fasteners are a ubiquitous component within the aerospace, air-frame, and aero-engine industries due to the essential role they play in structural integrity. Ti-6Al-4V is a common material for fasteners to be manufactured from, owing to the excellent strength-to-density ratio the material possesses, allowing for weight-saving in an application where weight is penalised by loss of fuel efficiency. The manufacture of aerospace pins sees a solid-state lubricant applied over the surface of the bar stock, at the titanium manufacturers, which aids forging processing; however, this lubricant layer must be fully removed post-forging to allow for solution heat treatment operations to achieve the desired mechanical properties. Whilst the exact composition of the lubricant is proprietary to the titanium producers, this can make understanding the removal via salt bath processing difficult. As such, the lubricant has been analysed and characterised to understand the primary chemical composition of the lubricant. Furthermore, the salt bath process has been studied to understand the efficacy of the cleaning process and the impact that variation in the salt bath hold time has or that adding some method of agitation to the molten salt in the bath as it cleans the surface lubricant off the Ti-6Al-4V fastener has. The salt bath cleaning process can cause a bottleneck to the full manufacturing route for the aerospace fasteners. Results suggest that there is some margin to reduce the hold time, or that by adding in a dipping process to increase agitation, it can also allow for lower hold times.
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institution Kabale University
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publishDate 2024-11-01
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series Lubricants
spelling doaj-art-e173b069d9f743278e70ec4cec75c9b22024-12-27T14:36:45ZengMDPI AGLubricants2075-44422024-11-01121241810.3390/lubricants12120418On the Salt Bath Cleaning Operations for Removal of Lubricants on the Surface of Titanium Alloy Aerospace FastenersRichard Turner0Caitlin Edgerton1Jack Hobby2Jakub Mierzejewski3Taahir Patel4Nils Warnken5School of Metallurgy & Materials, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UKSchool of Metallurgy & Materials, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UKSchool of Metallurgy & Materials, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UKSchool of Metallurgy & Materials, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UKBlanc Aero Industries UK Ltd., Butlers Leap, Rugby CV21 3RQ, UKSchool of Metallurgy & Materials, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UKAerospace fasteners are a ubiquitous component within the aerospace, air-frame, and aero-engine industries due to the essential role they play in structural integrity. Ti-6Al-4V is a common material for fasteners to be manufactured from, owing to the excellent strength-to-density ratio the material possesses, allowing for weight-saving in an application where weight is penalised by loss of fuel efficiency. The manufacture of aerospace pins sees a solid-state lubricant applied over the surface of the bar stock, at the titanium manufacturers, which aids forging processing; however, this lubricant layer must be fully removed post-forging to allow for solution heat treatment operations to achieve the desired mechanical properties. Whilst the exact composition of the lubricant is proprietary to the titanium producers, this can make understanding the removal via salt bath processing difficult. As such, the lubricant has been analysed and characterised to understand the primary chemical composition of the lubricant. Furthermore, the salt bath process has been studied to understand the efficacy of the cleaning process and the impact that variation in the salt bath hold time has or that adding some method of agitation to the molten salt in the bath as it cleans the surface lubricant off the Ti-6Al-4V fastener has. The salt bath cleaning process can cause a bottleneck to the full manufacturing route for the aerospace fasteners. Results suggest that there is some margin to reduce the hold time, or that by adding in a dipping process to increase agitation, it can also allow for lower hold times.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4442/12/12/418Ti-6Al-4Vsurface roughnessfluorinesodium silicatemolybdenum disulphidelubricant
spellingShingle Richard Turner
Caitlin Edgerton
Jack Hobby
Jakub Mierzejewski
Taahir Patel
Nils Warnken
On the Salt Bath Cleaning Operations for Removal of Lubricants on the Surface of Titanium Alloy Aerospace Fasteners
Lubricants
Ti-6Al-4V
surface roughness
fluorine
sodium silicate
molybdenum disulphide
lubricant
title On the Salt Bath Cleaning Operations for Removal of Lubricants on the Surface of Titanium Alloy Aerospace Fasteners
title_full On the Salt Bath Cleaning Operations for Removal of Lubricants on the Surface of Titanium Alloy Aerospace Fasteners
title_fullStr On the Salt Bath Cleaning Operations for Removal of Lubricants on the Surface of Titanium Alloy Aerospace Fasteners
title_full_unstemmed On the Salt Bath Cleaning Operations for Removal of Lubricants on the Surface of Titanium Alloy Aerospace Fasteners
title_short On the Salt Bath Cleaning Operations for Removal of Lubricants on the Surface of Titanium Alloy Aerospace Fasteners
title_sort on the salt bath cleaning operations for removal of lubricants on the surface of titanium alloy aerospace fasteners
topic Ti-6Al-4V
surface roughness
fluorine
sodium silicate
molybdenum disulphide
lubricant
url https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4442/12/12/418
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