Vitamin D and exercise improve VEGF-B production and IGF-1 levels in diabetic rats: insights the role of miR-1 suppression
Abstract Background Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is closely associated with the development of vascular damage in the heart. In this study, the researchers aimed to determine whether Aerobic Training (AT) and Vitamin D supplementation (Vit D) could alleviate heart complications and vascular damag...
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| author | Fatemeh Mazaheri Rastegar Hoseini Ahmad Gharzi |
| author_facet | Fatemeh Mazaheri Rastegar Hoseini Ahmad Gharzi |
| author_sort | Fatemeh Mazaheri |
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| description | Abstract Background Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is closely associated with the development of vascular damage in the heart. In this study, the researchers aimed to determine whether Aerobic Training (AT) and Vitamin D supplementation (Vit D) could alleviate heart complications and vascular damage caused by diabetes. The effects of an eight-week AT program and Vit D on the expression of miR-1, IGF-1 genes, and VEGF-B in the cardiomyocytes of rats with T2DM. Methods This study was an experimental investigation. Fifty male Wistar rats were divided into 2 groups Non-Diabetic Obese Control (NC; n = 10), and diabetic (n = 40). The rats were then randomly divided into four groups: AT plus Vit D (AT + Vit D; n-=10), AT (n = 10), Vit D (Vit D; n = 10), and Control Diabetic (C; n = 10). The exercise groups underwent treadmill training for 8 weeks at an aerobic intensity equal to 50–60% of their maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), which corresponded to a speed of 15–25 m/min at a 0% incline, for 30–60 min per day, 5 days per week. The Vit D and AT + Vit D groups received 5,000 international units (IU) of Vitamin D (combined with sesame oil) per week via a single-dose injection. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey’s post-hoc test for multiple comparisons among the groups. Paired data were analyzed using paired t-tests. Results The results showed that BW, BMI, and FI significantly decreased in the AT + Vit D (p = 0.001 for all variables), AT (p = 0.001 for all variables), and Vit D (p = 0.001 for all variables) groups compared to baseline. In contrast, BW, BMI, and FI increased in the C (p = 0.001, p = 0.006, p = 0.020, respectively) and NC (p = 0.001 for all variables) groups. Significant differences were observed between the groups in terms of visceral fat, insulin, glucose, and HOMA-IR (p = 0.001 for all variables). Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels varied significantly among the groups (p = 0.002). The AT + Vit D group showed significantly increased VEGF-B (p = 0.001 for both comparisons), upregulated IGF-1 (p = 0.001 for both comparisons), and downregulated miR-1 (p = 0.001 for both comparisons) compared to the AT and Vit D groups, respectively. Conclusions AT and Vit D increased the expression of IGF-1 and VEGF-B in the heart of T2DM rats while decreasing the expression of miR-1. These effects were more pronounced when AT and Vit D were combined. The study concludes that the combination of AT and Vit D has cardio-protective effects in T2DM rats, counteracting abnormal angiogenesis induced by diabetes. These effects are mediated, at least in part, by the upregulation of IGF-1 and VEGF-B, and the downregulation of miR-1. |
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| id | doaj-art-e106a8492d7546a0806000da6cef9158 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-e106a8492d7546a0806000da6cef91582025-01-12T12:24:45ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-01-0115111010.1038/s41598-024-81230-3Vitamin D and exercise improve VEGF-B production and IGF-1 levels in diabetic rats: insights the role of miR-1 suppressionFatemeh Mazaheri0Rastegar Hoseini1Ahmad Gharzi2Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Razi UniversityDepartment of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Razi UniversityDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Science, Razi UniversityAbstract Background Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is closely associated with the development of vascular damage in the heart. In this study, the researchers aimed to determine whether Aerobic Training (AT) and Vitamin D supplementation (Vit D) could alleviate heart complications and vascular damage caused by diabetes. The effects of an eight-week AT program and Vit D on the expression of miR-1, IGF-1 genes, and VEGF-B in the cardiomyocytes of rats with T2DM. Methods This study was an experimental investigation. Fifty male Wistar rats were divided into 2 groups Non-Diabetic Obese Control (NC; n = 10), and diabetic (n = 40). The rats were then randomly divided into four groups: AT plus Vit D (AT + Vit D; n-=10), AT (n = 10), Vit D (Vit D; n = 10), and Control Diabetic (C; n = 10). The exercise groups underwent treadmill training for 8 weeks at an aerobic intensity equal to 50–60% of their maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), which corresponded to a speed of 15–25 m/min at a 0% incline, for 30–60 min per day, 5 days per week. The Vit D and AT + Vit D groups received 5,000 international units (IU) of Vitamin D (combined with sesame oil) per week via a single-dose injection. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey’s post-hoc test for multiple comparisons among the groups. Paired data were analyzed using paired t-tests. Results The results showed that BW, BMI, and FI significantly decreased in the AT + Vit D (p = 0.001 for all variables), AT (p = 0.001 for all variables), and Vit D (p = 0.001 for all variables) groups compared to baseline. In contrast, BW, BMI, and FI increased in the C (p = 0.001, p = 0.006, p = 0.020, respectively) and NC (p = 0.001 for all variables) groups. Significant differences were observed between the groups in terms of visceral fat, insulin, glucose, and HOMA-IR (p = 0.001 for all variables). Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels varied significantly among the groups (p = 0.002). The AT + Vit D group showed significantly increased VEGF-B (p = 0.001 for both comparisons), upregulated IGF-1 (p = 0.001 for both comparisons), and downregulated miR-1 (p = 0.001 for both comparisons) compared to the AT and Vit D groups, respectively. Conclusions AT and Vit D increased the expression of IGF-1 and VEGF-B in the heart of T2DM rats while decreasing the expression of miR-1. These effects were more pronounced when AT and Vit D were combined. The study concludes that the combination of AT and Vit D has cardio-protective effects in T2DM rats, counteracting abnormal angiogenesis induced by diabetes. These effects are mediated, at least in part, by the upregulation of IGF-1 and VEGF-B, and the downregulation of miR-1.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-81230-3ExerciseVitamin DType 2 diabetes MellitusVascular damage |
| spellingShingle | Fatemeh Mazaheri Rastegar Hoseini Ahmad Gharzi Vitamin D and exercise improve VEGF-B production and IGF-1 levels in diabetic rats: insights the role of miR-1 suppression Scientific Reports Exercise Vitamin D Type 2 diabetes Mellitus Vascular damage |
| title | Vitamin D and exercise improve VEGF-B production and IGF-1 levels in diabetic rats: insights the role of miR-1 suppression |
| title_full | Vitamin D and exercise improve VEGF-B production and IGF-1 levels in diabetic rats: insights the role of miR-1 suppression |
| title_fullStr | Vitamin D and exercise improve VEGF-B production and IGF-1 levels in diabetic rats: insights the role of miR-1 suppression |
| title_full_unstemmed | Vitamin D and exercise improve VEGF-B production and IGF-1 levels in diabetic rats: insights the role of miR-1 suppression |
| title_short | Vitamin D and exercise improve VEGF-B production and IGF-1 levels in diabetic rats: insights the role of miR-1 suppression |
| title_sort | vitamin d and exercise improve vegf b production and igf 1 levels in diabetic rats insights the role of mir 1 suppression |
| topic | Exercise Vitamin D Type 2 diabetes Mellitus Vascular damage |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-81230-3 |
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