In vitro characterization of some of the anti-cancer effects of Borage officinalis flower extracts on human gastric adenocarcinoma cell line, (AGS), cell line

Worldwide, gastric cancer is considered to be a major health issue, which is common in eastern Asia, with high death rates recorded, that calls for immediate attention and investigation. This article is exploring the effects of methanol and acetone extracts of borage, Borage officinals, flowers wit...

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Main Author: Trefa Salih Mohamad
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Salahaddin University-Erbil 2024-12-01
Series:Zanco Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences
Subjects:
Online Access:https://zancojournal.su.edu.krd/index.php/JPAS/article/view/2425
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author Trefa Salih Mohamad
author_facet Trefa Salih Mohamad
author_sort Trefa Salih Mohamad
collection DOAJ
description Worldwide, gastric cancer is considered to be a major health issue, which is common in eastern Asia, with high death rates recorded, that calls for immediate attention and investigation. This article is exploring the effects of methanol and acetone extracts of borage, Borage officinals, flowers with a range of concentrations (10, 50, 100, 250, and 500 μg/ml)  on the human gastric cancer, AGS cell line. Fifteen gm of flower powder was suspended separately in 300ml of 50% acetone and placed on shaker in dark for 24 hours at room temperature. The results showed that in a dose dependent manner, methanol extract exhibit anti-proliferative effects whereas acetone extract revealed an inhibitory effect only at a higher dose 500 μg/ml. The clonogenicity of AGS cells was revealed to be significantly (p˂0.001) diminished where production of holoclone was reduced where cells treated with both extracts as compared to control group. AGS cells apoptosis levels were induced by both extracts when compared to control group. RT-PCR results depicted significant (p˂0.001) upregulation of both p21 and EGR1 when cells treated with both methanol and acetone extracts respectively, while both of NDRG1 and PTEN genes were upregulated when acetone extract was used, it’s worth mentioning, that these genes, p21, PTEN, and NDRG1 are considered to be tumor suppressors. In conclusion, borage, Borage officinals, extracts had anti-cancer and cytotoxic effects on AGS cell line and apoptosis was induced. Thus, this plant might be suggested as a future candidate for cancer treatment therapy.
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spelling doaj-art-df115e4cc11748fa95009803ec49648c2024-12-31T00:43:45ZengSalahaddin University-ErbilZanco Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences2218-02302412-39862024-12-0136610.21271/ZJPAS.36.6.2In vitro characterization of some of the anti-cancer effects of Borage officinalis flower extracts on human gastric adenocarcinoma cell line, (AGS), cell line Trefa Salih Mohamad0Department of Biology, College of Science, Salahaddin University-Erbil,Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq. Worldwide, gastric cancer is considered to be a major health issue, which is common in eastern Asia, with high death rates recorded, that calls for immediate attention and investigation. This article is exploring the effects of methanol and acetone extracts of borage, Borage officinals, flowers with a range of concentrations (10, 50, 100, 250, and 500 μg/ml)  on the human gastric cancer, AGS cell line. Fifteen gm of flower powder was suspended separately in 300ml of 50% acetone and placed on shaker in dark for 24 hours at room temperature. The results showed that in a dose dependent manner, methanol extract exhibit anti-proliferative effects whereas acetone extract revealed an inhibitory effect only at a higher dose 500 μg/ml. The clonogenicity of AGS cells was revealed to be significantly (p˂0.001) diminished where production of holoclone was reduced where cells treated with both extracts as compared to control group. AGS cells apoptosis levels were induced by both extracts when compared to control group. RT-PCR results depicted significant (p˂0.001) upregulation of both p21 and EGR1 when cells treated with both methanol and acetone extracts respectively, while both of NDRG1 and PTEN genes were upregulated when acetone extract was used, it’s worth mentioning, that these genes, p21, PTEN, and NDRG1 are considered to be tumor suppressors. In conclusion, borage, Borage officinals, extracts had anti-cancer and cytotoxic effects on AGS cell line and apoptosis was induced. Thus, this plant might be suggested as a future candidate for cancer treatment therapy. https://zancojournal.su.edu.krd/index.php/JPAS/article/view/2425Borage officinalsAGS cellsanti-cancerapoptosisflow cytometry
spellingShingle Trefa Salih Mohamad
In vitro characterization of some of the anti-cancer effects of Borage officinalis flower extracts on human gastric adenocarcinoma cell line, (AGS), cell line
Zanco Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences
Borage officinals
AGS cells
anti-cancer
apoptosis
flow cytometry
title In vitro characterization of some of the anti-cancer effects of Borage officinalis flower extracts on human gastric adenocarcinoma cell line, (AGS), cell line
title_full In vitro characterization of some of the anti-cancer effects of Borage officinalis flower extracts on human gastric adenocarcinoma cell line, (AGS), cell line
title_fullStr In vitro characterization of some of the anti-cancer effects of Borage officinalis flower extracts on human gastric adenocarcinoma cell line, (AGS), cell line
title_full_unstemmed In vitro characterization of some of the anti-cancer effects of Borage officinalis flower extracts on human gastric adenocarcinoma cell line, (AGS), cell line
title_short In vitro characterization of some of the anti-cancer effects of Borage officinalis flower extracts on human gastric adenocarcinoma cell line, (AGS), cell line
title_sort in vitro characterization of some of the anti cancer effects of borage officinalis flower extracts on human gastric adenocarcinoma cell line ags cell line
topic Borage officinals
AGS cells
anti-cancer
apoptosis
flow cytometry
url https://zancojournal.su.edu.krd/index.php/JPAS/article/view/2425
work_keys_str_mv AT trefasalihmohamad invitrocharacterizationofsomeoftheanticancereffectsofborageofficinalisflowerextractsonhumangastricadenocarcinomacelllineagscellline