In vitro characterization of some of the anti-cancer effects of Borage officinalis flower extracts on human gastric adenocarcinoma cell line, (AGS), cell line
Worldwide, gastric cancer is considered to be a major health issue, which is common in eastern Asia, with high death rates recorded, that calls for immediate attention and investigation. This article is exploring the effects of methanol and acetone extracts of borage, Borage officinals, flowers wit...
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Salahaddin University-Erbil
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Zanco Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://zancojournal.su.edu.krd/index.php/JPAS/article/view/2425 |
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| author | Trefa Salih Mohamad |
| author_facet | Trefa Salih Mohamad |
| author_sort | Trefa Salih Mohamad |
| collection | DOAJ |
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Worldwide, gastric cancer is considered to be a major health issue, which is common in eastern Asia, with high death rates recorded, that calls for immediate attention and investigation. This article is exploring the effects of methanol and acetone extracts of borage, Borage officinals, flowers with a range of concentrations (10, 50, 100, 250, and 500 μg/ml) on the human gastric cancer, AGS cell line. Fifteen gm of flower powder was suspended separately in 300ml of 50% acetone and placed on shaker in dark for 24 hours at room temperature. The results showed that in a dose dependent manner, methanol extract exhibit anti-proliferative effects whereas acetone extract revealed an inhibitory effect only at a higher dose 500 μg/ml. The clonogenicity of AGS cells was revealed to be significantly (p˂0.001) diminished where production of holoclone was reduced where cells treated with both extracts as compared to control group. AGS cells apoptosis levels were induced by both extracts when compared to control group. RT-PCR results depicted significant (p˂0.001) upregulation of both p21 and EGR1 when cells treated with both methanol and acetone extracts respectively, while both of NDRG1 and PTEN genes were upregulated when acetone extract was used, it’s worth mentioning, that these genes, p21, PTEN, and NDRG1 are considered to be tumor suppressors. In conclusion, borage, Borage officinals, extracts had anti-cancer and cytotoxic effects on AGS cell line and apoptosis was induced. Thus, this plant might be suggested as a future candidate for cancer treatment therapy.
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| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-df115e4cc11748fa95009803ec49648c |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2218-0230 2412-3986 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | Salahaddin University-Erbil |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Zanco Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj-art-df115e4cc11748fa95009803ec49648c2024-12-31T00:43:45ZengSalahaddin University-ErbilZanco Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences2218-02302412-39862024-12-0136610.21271/ZJPAS.36.6.2In vitro characterization of some of the anti-cancer effects of Borage officinalis flower extracts on human gastric adenocarcinoma cell line, (AGS), cell line Trefa Salih Mohamad0Department of Biology, College of Science, Salahaddin University-Erbil,Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq. Worldwide, gastric cancer is considered to be a major health issue, which is common in eastern Asia, with high death rates recorded, that calls for immediate attention and investigation. This article is exploring the effects of methanol and acetone extracts of borage, Borage officinals, flowers with a range of concentrations (10, 50, 100, 250, and 500 μg/ml) on the human gastric cancer, AGS cell line. Fifteen gm of flower powder was suspended separately in 300ml of 50% acetone and placed on shaker in dark for 24 hours at room temperature. The results showed that in a dose dependent manner, methanol extract exhibit anti-proliferative effects whereas acetone extract revealed an inhibitory effect only at a higher dose 500 μg/ml. The clonogenicity of AGS cells was revealed to be significantly (p˂0.001) diminished where production of holoclone was reduced where cells treated with both extracts as compared to control group. AGS cells apoptosis levels were induced by both extracts when compared to control group. RT-PCR results depicted significant (p˂0.001) upregulation of both p21 and EGR1 when cells treated with both methanol and acetone extracts respectively, while both of NDRG1 and PTEN genes were upregulated when acetone extract was used, it’s worth mentioning, that these genes, p21, PTEN, and NDRG1 are considered to be tumor suppressors. In conclusion, borage, Borage officinals, extracts had anti-cancer and cytotoxic effects on AGS cell line and apoptosis was induced. Thus, this plant might be suggested as a future candidate for cancer treatment therapy. https://zancojournal.su.edu.krd/index.php/JPAS/article/view/2425Borage officinalsAGS cellsanti-cancerapoptosisflow cytometry |
| spellingShingle | Trefa Salih Mohamad In vitro characterization of some of the anti-cancer effects of Borage officinalis flower extracts on human gastric adenocarcinoma cell line, (AGS), cell line Zanco Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences Borage officinals AGS cells anti-cancer apoptosis flow cytometry |
| title | In vitro characterization of some of the anti-cancer effects of Borage officinalis flower extracts on human gastric adenocarcinoma cell line, (AGS), cell line |
| title_full | In vitro characterization of some of the anti-cancer effects of Borage officinalis flower extracts on human gastric adenocarcinoma cell line, (AGS), cell line |
| title_fullStr | In vitro characterization of some of the anti-cancer effects of Borage officinalis flower extracts on human gastric adenocarcinoma cell line, (AGS), cell line |
| title_full_unstemmed | In vitro characterization of some of the anti-cancer effects of Borage officinalis flower extracts on human gastric adenocarcinoma cell line, (AGS), cell line |
| title_short | In vitro characterization of some of the anti-cancer effects of Borage officinalis flower extracts on human gastric adenocarcinoma cell line, (AGS), cell line |
| title_sort | in vitro characterization of some of the anti cancer effects of borage officinalis flower extracts on human gastric adenocarcinoma cell line ags cell line |
| topic | Borage officinals AGS cells anti-cancer apoptosis flow cytometry |
| url | https://zancojournal.su.edu.krd/index.php/JPAS/article/view/2425 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT trefasalihmohamad invitrocharacterizationofsomeoftheanticancereffectsofborageofficinalisflowerextractsonhumangastricadenocarcinomacelllineagscellline |