Ensuring Stable Operation of Wind Farms Connected to Distribution Networks
Wind farms with type IV wind turbines from various manufacturers are being massively put into operation. These wind turbines comply with the requirements of the grid codes of the countries where they are designed and/or manufactured, but do not factor in the specific features of the distribution net...
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MDPI AG
2024-10-01
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| Series: | Applied Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/14/21/9794 |
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| author | Pavel Ilyushin Aleksandr Simonov Konstantin Suslov Sergey Filippov |
| author_facet | Pavel Ilyushin Aleksandr Simonov Konstantin Suslov Sergey Filippov |
| author_sort | Pavel Ilyushin |
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| description | Wind farms with type IV wind turbines from various manufacturers are being massively put into operation. These wind turbines comply with the requirements of the grid codes of the countries where they are designed and/or manufactured, but do not factor in the specific features of the distribution networks of other countries to which they are connected. The study at issue involves a comparative analysis of the requirements of grid codes of different countries for the stable operation of wind turbines under standard disturbances. The low voltage ride through (LVRT) characteristic makes it possible to prevent wind turbine shutdowns in case of short-term voltage dips of a given depth and duration. The calculations of transient processes indicate that wind turbines may not meet the requirements of the grid code of a particular country for their stable operation. As a result, standard disturbances will block the reactive current injection and the wind turbine will be switched off. This is often caused by the relay protection devices with a time delay of 1–2 s, which are used in distribution networks and implement the functions of long-range redundancy. Excessive shutdowns of wind turbines lead to emergency rises in the loads for the generating units of conventional power plants, aggravating the post-accident conditions and disconnecting consumers of electricity. This article presents a method for checking the LVRT characteristic settings for compliance with the technical requirements for wind turbines. To prevent wind turbine outages, one should either change the configuration of the LVRT characteristic, upgrade the relay protection devices in the distribution network adjacent to the wind farm, or implement group or individual technical solutions at the wind farm. The performance of the proposed technical solutions is confirmed by the calculations of transient processes. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-de932ba0e6cf40c1848a83b5e94010a9 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj-art-de932ba0e6cf40c1848a83b5e94010a92024-11-08T14:33:24ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172024-10-011421979410.3390/app14219794Ensuring Stable Operation of Wind Farms Connected to Distribution NetworksPavel Ilyushin0Aleksandr Simonov1Konstantin Suslov2Sergey Filippov3Department of Research on the Relationship Between Energy and the Economy, Energy Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 117186 Moscow, RussiaDepartment of Research on the Relationship Between Energy and the Economy, Energy Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 117186 Moscow, RussiaDepartment of Hydropower and Renewable Energy, National Research University “Moscow Power Engineering Institute”, 111250 Moscow, RussiaDepartment of Research on the Relationship Between Energy and the Economy, Energy Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 117186 Moscow, RussiaWind farms with type IV wind turbines from various manufacturers are being massively put into operation. These wind turbines comply with the requirements of the grid codes of the countries where they are designed and/or manufactured, but do not factor in the specific features of the distribution networks of other countries to which they are connected. The study at issue involves a comparative analysis of the requirements of grid codes of different countries for the stable operation of wind turbines under standard disturbances. The low voltage ride through (LVRT) characteristic makes it possible to prevent wind turbine shutdowns in case of short-term voltage dips of a given depth and duration. The calculations of transient processes indicate that wind turbines may not meet the requirements of the grid code of a particular country for their stable operation. As a result, standard disturbances will block the reactive current injection and the wind turbine will be switched off. This is often caused by the relay protection devices with a time delay of 1–2 s, which are used in distribution networks and implement the functions of long-range redundancy. Excessive shutdowns of wind turbines lead to emergency rises in the loads for the generating units of conventional power plants, aggravating the post-accident conditions and disconnecting consumers of electricity. This article presents a method for checking the LVRT characteristic settings for compliance with the technical requirements for wind turbines. To prevent wind turbine outages, one should either change the configuration of the LVRT characteristic, upgrade the relay protection devices in the distribution network adjacent to the wind farm, or implement group or individual technical solutions at the wind farm. The performance of the proposed technical solutions is confirmed by the calculations of transient processes.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/14/21/9794wind farmwind turbineinverterlow voltage ride through characteristicstandard disturbancevoltage dip |
| spellingShingle | Pavel Ilyushin Aleksandr Simonov Konstantin Suslov Sergey Filippov Ensuring Stable Operation of Wind Farms Connected to Distribution Networks Applied Sciences wind farm wind turbine inverter low voltage ride through characteristic standard disturbance voltage dip |
| title | Ensuring Stable Operation of Wind Farms Connected to Distribution Networks |
| title_full | Ensuring Stable Operation of Wind Farms Connected to Distribution Networks |
| title_fullStr | Ensuring Stable Operation of Wind Farms Connected to Distribution Networks |
| title_full_unstemmed | Ensuring Stable Operation of Wind Farms Connected to Distribution Networks |
| title_short | Ensuring Stable Operation of Wind Farms Connected to Distribution Networks |
| title_sort | ensuring stable operation of wind farms connected to distribution networks |
| topic | wind farm wind turbine inverter low voltage ride through characteristic standard disturbance voltage dip |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/14/21/9794 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT pavelilyushin ensuringstableoperationofwindfarmsconnectedtodistributionnetworks AT aleksandrsimonov ensuringstableoperationofwindfarmsconnectedtodistributionnetworks AT konstantinsuslov ensuringstableoperationofwindfarmsconnectedtodistributionnetworks AT sergeyfilippov ensuringstableoperationofwindfarmsconnectedtodistributionnetworks |