Tuberculosis screening among cough suppressant buyers in pharmacies and drug outlets in Guinea: a cross-sectional study
Background Tuberculosis (TB) poses a significant public health challenge in Guinea, with an estimated 22 000 TB cases in 2020; an estimated 6125 (28%) cases went undetected. We evaluated an intensified TB case finding strategy in Guinea which targeted customers who bought cough suppressants from pha...
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| Language: | English |
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BMJ Publishing Group
2024-12-01
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| Series: | BMJ Open Respiratory Research |
| Online Access: | https://bmjopenrespres.bmj.com/content/11/1/e002334.full |
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| author | Jonathon R Campbell Vanessa Veronese Aboubacar Sidiki Magassouba Almamy Amara Toure Boubacar Djelo Diallo Gnoume Camara Desire Lucien Dahourou Aly Badara Nabe Souleymane Camara Adama Marie Bangoura Hugues Asken Traore Corinne Simone Collette Merle |
| author_facet | Jonathon R Campbell Vanessa Veronese Aboubacar Sidiki Magassouba Almamy Amara Toure Boubacar Djelo Diallo Gnoume Camara Desire Lucien Dahourou Aly Badara Nabe Souleymane Camara Adama Marie Bangoura Hugues Asken Traore Corinne Simone Collette Merle |
| author_sort | Jonathon R Campbell |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background Tuberculosis (TB) poses a significant public health challenge in Guinea, with an estimated 22 000 TB cases in 2020; an estimated 6125 (28%) cases went undetected. We evaluated an intensified TB case finding strategy in Guinea which targeted customers who bought cough suppressants from pharmacies or drug outlets.Methods We involved 25 pharmacies and 25 drug outlets in Matoto, Conakry, Guinea. Pharmacists or outlet owners identified and referred all customers with TB symptoms who were purchasing cough suppressants to healthcare workers for sputum collection either at the pharmacy or drug outlet or at a nearby TB diagnosis and treatment centre (CDT); sputum was subjected to bacteriological testing with acid fast bacilli smear or Xpert MTB/RIF. We assessed factors associated with eventual TB diagnosis using logistic regression and time to TB diagnosis using cox regression and used microcosting to estimate the cost of the intervention in 2020 US$.Results From November 2019 to June 2020, we screened 916 people referred from pharmacies or drug outlets with TB symptoms, with median age of 31 years (54% male). Overall, 126 (14%) had bacteriologically confirmed TB. Odds of TB diagnosis were significantly lower with increasing age (adjusted OR (aOR) per additional year=0.98; 95% CI 0.97 to 0.99) and higher among males (aOR=1.57; 95% CI 1.04 to 2.39) and those with symptoms. Those identified at drug outlets had significantly faster time to presentation from symptom onset than pharmacies (adjusted HR=1.73; 95% CI 1.50 to 1.99). The total cost of the intervention per person referred was US$32.66 and per person diagnosed and treated for TB disease of US$237.45.Conclusion Intensified TB case finding through pharmacies and drug outlets is a feasible and effective way to increase TB detection in settings where self-medicating is common, and TB is under-detected. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-dd6fb6519b2d4c00ac389dc858edc0bf |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2052-4439 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | BMJ Publishing Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMJ Open Respiratory Research |
| spelling | doaj-art-dd6fb6519b2d4c00ac389dc858edc0bf2025-01-13T19:50:28ZengBMJ Publishing GroupBMJ Open Respiratory Research2052-44392024-12-0111110.1136/bmjresp-2024-002334Tuberculosis screening among cough suppressant buyers in pharmacies and drug outlets in Guinea: a cross-sectional studyJonathon R Campbell0Vanessa Veronese1Aboubacar Sidiki Magassouba2Almamy Amara Toure3Boubacar Djelo Diallo4Gnoume Camara5Desire Lucien Dahourou6Aly Badara Nabe7Souleymane Camara8Adama Marie Bangoura9Hugues Asken Traore10Corinne Simone Collette Merle11McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, CanadaWorld Health Organization, Geneva, SwitzerlandRepublic of Guinea Ministry of Health, Conakry, GuineaGamal Abdel Nasser University of Conakry, Conakry, GuineaNational Tuberculosis Program, Conakry, GuineaCentre National de Formation et de Recherche en Santé Rurale de Maférinyah, Maferinyah, GuineaInstitut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé, Ouagadougou, Burkina FasoGamal Abdel Nasser University of Conakry, Conakry, GuineaNational Tuberculosis Program, Conakry, GuineaNational Tuberculosis Program, Conakry, GuineaWorld Health Organization Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases, Geneva, SwitzerlandWorld Health Organization, Geneva, SwitzerlandBackground Tuberculosis (TB) poses a significant public health challenge in Guinea, with an estimated 22 000 TB cases in 2020; an estimated 6125 (28%) cases went undetected. We evaluated an intensified TB case finding strategy in Guinea which targeted customers who bought cough suppressants from pharmacies or drug outlets.Methods We involved 25 pharmacies and 25 drug outlets in Matoto, Conakry, Guinea. Pharmacists or outlet owners identified and referred all customers with TB symptoms who were purchasing cough suppressants to healthcare workers for sputum collection either at the pharmacy or drug outlet or at a nearby TB diagnosis and treatment centre (CDT); sputum was subjected to bacteriological testing with acid fast bacilli smear or Xpert MTB/RIF. We assessed factors associated with eventual TB diagnosis using logistic regression and time to TB diagnosis using cox regression and used microcosting to estimate the cost of the intervention in 2020 US$.Results From November 2019 to June 2020, we screened 916 people referred from pharmacies or drug outlets with TB symptoms, with median age of 31 years (54% male). Overall, 126 (14%) had bacteriologically confirmed TB. Odds of TB diagnosis were significantly lower with increasing age (adjusted OR (aOR) per additional year=0.98; 95% CI 0.97 to 0.99) and higher among males (aOR=1.57; 95% CI 1.04 to 2.39) and those with symptoms. Those identified at drug outlets had significantly faster time to presentation from symptom onset than pharmacies (adjusted HR=1.73; 95% CI 1.50 to 1.99). The total cost of the intervention per person referred was US$32.66 and per person diagnosed and treated for TB disease of US$237.45.Conclusion Intensified TB case finding through pharmacies and drug outlets is a feasible and effective way to increase TB detection in settings where self-medicating is common, and TB is under-detected.https://bmjopenrespres.bmj.com/content/11/1/e002334.full |
| spellingShingle | Jonathon R Campbell Vanessa Veronese Aboubacar Sidiki Magassouba Almamy Amara Toure Boubacar Djelo Diallo Gnoume Camara Desire Lucien Dahourou Aly Badara Nabe Souleymane Camara Adama Marie Bangoura Hugues Asken Traore Corinne Simone Collette Merle Tuberculosis screening among cough suppressant buyers in pharmacies and drug outlets in Guinea: a cross-sectional study BMJ Open Respiratory Research |
| title | Tuberculosis screening among cough suppressant buyers in pharmacies and drug outlets in Guinea: a cross-sectional study |
| title_full | Tuberculosis screening among cough suppressant buyers in pharmacies and drug outlets in Guinea: a cross-sectional study |
| title_fullStr | Tuberculosis screening among cough suppressant buyers in pharmacies and drug outlets in Guinea: a cross-sectional study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Tuberculosis screening among cough suppressant buyers in pharmacies and drug outlets in Guinea: a cross-sectional study |
| title_short | Tuberculosis screening among cough suppressant buyers in pharmacies and drug outlets in Guinea: a cross-sectional study |
| title_sort | tuberculosis screening among cough suppressant buyers in pharmacies and drug outlets in guinea a cross sectional study |
| url | https://bmjopenrespres.bmj.com/content/11/1/e002334.full |
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