Vitamin E nanoparticles enhance performance and immune status of Nile tilapia

Abstract Vitamin E (VE) is an essential vitamin liposoluble antioxidant in aquatic animals that is usually lost during feed processing and digestion, whereas nano-chitosan, a polysaccharide, could protect VE. In this study, Nile tilapia (70.85 ± 0.2 g) was fed VE (100 mg/kg dry diet) and a chitosan...

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Main Authors: Enas A. H. Farag, Mohamed Z. Baromh, Naglaa El-kalamwi, Ahmed H. Sherif
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2024-12-01
Series:BMC Veterinary Research
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-024-04398-w
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author Enas A. H. Farag
Mohamed Z. Baromh
Naglaa El-kalamwi
Ahmed H. Sherif
author_facet Enas A. H. Farag
Mohamed Z. Baromh
Naglaa El-kalamwi
Ahmed H. Sherif
author_sort Enas A. H. Farag
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Vitamin E (VE) is an essential vitamin liposoluble antioxidant in aquatic animals that is usually lost during feed processing and digestion, whereas nano-chitosan, a polysaccharide, could protect VE. In this study, Nile tilapia (70.85 ± 0.2 g) was fed VE (100 mg/kg dry diet) and a chitosan protected-VE nanoparticle (NPs) with gradual percentages of recommended dose 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% for 4, 6, and 8 weeks. Growth parameters total weight gain (TG), daily weight gain (DWG), and relative growth rate (RGR) were significantly and positively correlated with VENPs additions. Regardless of the addition level, the feed conversion ratio (FCR) was significantly lower in the VENP groups. Lysozyme, serum antibacterial activity, and oxidative burst activity indicated the superiority of VENPs (VENPs75 and VENPs100) in enhancing the fish’s innate immunity compared to bulk VE and the control groups. Fish were experimentally challenged with pathogenic Aeromonas hydrophila; those received dietary showed a low mortality rate (MR%), about 40% compared with 70% in the control with lower re-isolation compared to the control and VE groups. VENPs could provide ascending relative protection level during the period of 4 to 8 weeks; RPL ranged from 33.3 to 42.86% (VENPs100), 16.67–42.86% (VENPs75), 0 to 28.57% (VENPs50), and 0 to 14.29% (VENPs25 and VE), respectively. Finally, this study recommended incorporating VENPs into the Nile tilapia diet at 50, 75, and 100 mg/ kg fish feed. Fish in the VENPs75 and VENPs100 groups were immune boosted, becoming less vulnerable to A. hydrophila infection.
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spelling doaj-art-dd653459c2cb45c4af826f01b3f40e3d2024-12-15T12:09:39ZengBMCBMC Veterinary Research1746-61482024-12-0120111110.1186/s12917-024-04398-wVitamin E nanoparticles enhance performance and immune status of Nile tilapiaEnas A. H. Farag0Mohamed Z. Baromh1Naglaa El-kalamwi2Ahmed H. Sherif3Department of Pharmacology, Animal Health Research Institute AHRI, Agriculture Research Center ARCDivision of Aquaculture, National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries (NIOF)Pathology Department, Animal Health Research Institute AHRI, Agriculture Research Center ARCFish Diseases Department, Animal Health Research Institute AHRI, Agriculture Research Centre ARCAbstract Vitamin E (VE) is an essential vitamin liposoluble antioxidant in aquatic animals that is usually lost during feed processing and digestion, whereas nano-chitosan, a polysaccharide, could protect VE. In this study, Nile tilapia (70.85 ± 0.2 g) was fed VE (100 mg/kg dry diet) and a chitosan protected-VE nanoparticle (NPs) with gradual percentages of recommended dose 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% for 4, 6, and 8 weeks. Growth parameters total weight gain (TG), daily weight gain (DWG), and relative growth rate (RGR) were significantly and positively correlated with VENPs additions. Regardless of the addition level, the feed conversion ratio (FCR) was significantly lower in the VENP groups. Lysozyme, serum antibacterial activity, and oxidative burst activity indicated the superiority of VENPs (VENPs75 and VENPs100) in enhancing the fish’s innate immunity compared to bulk VE and the control groups. Fish were experimentally challenged with pathogenic Aeromonas hydrophila; those received dietary showed a low mortality rate (MR%), about 40% compared with 70% in the control with lower re-isolation compared to the control and VE groups. VENPs could provide ascending relative protection level during the period of 4 to 8 weeks; RPL ranged from 33.3 to 42.86% (VENPs100), 16.67–42.86% (VENPs75), 0 to 28.57% (VENPs50), and 0 to 14.29% (VENPs25 and VE), respectively. Finally, this study recommended incorporating VENPs into the Nile tilapia diet at 50, 75, and 100 mg/ kg fish feed. Fish in the VENPs75 and VENPs100 groups were immune boosted, becoming less vulnerable to A. hydrophila infection.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-024-04398-wOreochromis niloticusGrowthPhagocytic activityLysozymeTocopherolChitosan
spellingShingle Enas A. H. Farag
Mohamed Z. Baromh
Naglaa El-kalamwi
Ahmed H. Sherif
Vitamin E nanoparticles enhance performance and immune status of Nile tilapia
BMC Veterinary Research
Oreochromis niloticus
Growth
Phagocytic activity
Lysozyme
Tocopherol
Chitosan
title Vitamin E nanoparticles enhance performance and immune status of Nile tilapia
title_full Vitamin E nanoparticles enhance performance and immune status of Nile tilapia
title_fullStr Vitamin E nanoparticles enhance performance and immune status of Nile tilapia
title_full_unstemmed Vitamin E nanoparticles enhance performance and immune status of Nile tilapia
title_short Vitamin E nanoparticles enhance performance and immune status of Nile tilapia
title_sort vitamin e nanoparticles enhance performance and immune status of nile tilapia
topic Oreochromis niloticus
Growth
Phagocytic activity
Lysozyme
Tocopherol
Chitosan
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-024-04398-w
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AT ahmedhsherif vitaminenanoparticlesenhanceperformanceandimmunestatusofniletilapia