Underwater Refractive Stereo Vision Measurement and Simulation Imaging Model Based on Optical Path
When light passes through air–glass and glass–water interfaces, refraction occurs, which affects the accuracy of stereo vision three-dimensional measurements of underwater targets. To eliminate the impact of refraction, we developed a refractive stereo vision measurement model based on light propaga...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2024-11-01
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| Series: | Journal of Marine Science and Engineering |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/12/11/1955 |
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| _version_ | 1846153315684974592 |
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| author | Guanqing Li Shengxiang Huang Zhi Yin Jun Li Kefei Zhang |
| author_facet | Guanqing Li Shengxiang Huang Zhi Yin Jun Li Kefei Zhang |
| author_sort | Guanqing Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | When light passes through air–glass and glass–water interfaces, refraction occurs, which affects the accuracy of stereo vision three-dimensional measurements of underwater targets. To eliminate the impact of refraction, we developed a refractive stereo vision measurement model based on light propagation paths, utilizing the normalized coordinate of the underwater target. This model is rigorous in theory, and easy to understand and apply. Additionally, we established an underwater simulation imaging model based on the principle that light travels the shortest time between two points. Simulation experiments conducted using this imaging model verified the performance of the underwater stereo vision measurement model. The results demonstrate that the accuracy achieved by the new measurement model is comparable to that of the stereo vision measurement model in the air and significantly higher than that of the existing refractive measurement model. This is because the light rays from the camera’s optical center to the refraction point at the air–glass interface do not always intersect. The experiments also indicate that the deviation in the refractive index of water lead to corresponding systematic errors in the measurement results. Therefore, in real underwater measurements, it is crucial to carefully calibrate the refractive index of water and maintain the validity of the calibration results. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-dc59845966494901b3cef0e3ee04d8d4 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2077-1312 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Marine Science and Engineering |
| spelling | doaj-art-dc59845966494901b3cef0e3ee04d8d42024-11-26T18:08:03ZengMDPI AGJournal of Marine Science and Engineering2077-13122024-11-011211195510.3390/jmse12111955Underwater Refractive Stereo Vision Measurement and Simulation Imaging Model Based on Optical PathGuanqing Li0Shengxiang Huang1Zhi Yin2Jun Li3Kefei Zhang4School of Environment and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, ChinaSchool of Geodesy and Geomatics, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, ChinaSchool of Environment and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, ChinaLiaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Geospatial Information Technology, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin 123000, ChinaSchool of Environment and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, ChinaWhen light passes through air–glass and glass–water interfaces, refraction occurs, which affects the accuracy of stereo vision three-dimensional measurements of underwater targets. To eliminate the impact of refraction, we developed a refractive stereo vision measurement model based on light propagation paths, utilizing the normalized coordinate of the underwater target. This model is rigorous in theory, and easy to understand and apply. Additionally, we established an underwater simulation imaging model based on the principle that light travels the shortest time between two points. Simulation experiments conducted using this imaging model verified the performance of the underwater stereo vision measurement model. The results demonstrate that the accuracy achieved by the new measurement model is comparable to that of the stereo vision measurement model in the air and significantly higher than that of the existing refractive measurement model. This is because the light rays from the camera’s optical center to the refraction point at the air–glass interface do not always intersect. The experiments also indicate that the deviation in the refractive index of water lead to corresponding systematic errors in the measurement results. Therefore, in real underwater measurements, it is crucial to carefully calibrate the refractive index of water and maintain the validity of the calibration results.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/12/11/1955multimedium visual measurementstereo visionrefraction parameterunderwater measurement |
| spellingShingle | Guanqing Li Shengxiang Huang Zhi Yin Jun Li Kefei Zhang Underwater Refractive Stereo Vision Measurement and Simulation Imaging Model Based on Optical Path Journal of Marine Science and Engineering multimedium visual measurement stereo vision refraction parameter underwater measurement |
| title | Underwater Refractive Stereo Vision Measurement and Simulation Imaging Model Based on Optical Path |
| title_full | Underwater Refractive Stereo Vision Measurement and Simulation Imaging Model Based on Optical Path |
| title_fullStr | Underwater Refractive Stereo Vision Measurement and Simulation Imaging Model Based on Optical Path |
| title_full_unstemmed | Underwater Refractive Stereo Vision Measurement and Simulation Imaging Model Based on Optical Path |
| title_short | Underwater Refractive Stereo Vision Measurement and Simulation Imaging Model Based on Optical Path |
| title_sort | underwater refractive stereo vision measurement and simulation imaging model based on optical path |
| topic | multimedium visual measurement stereo vision refraction parameter underwater measurement |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/12/11/1955 |
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