Kidney Function and Extreme Endurance Races: Risks, Mechanisms, and Preventing Strategies
Background: The increasing popularity of ultra-endurance sports emphasizes the need for a deeper understanding of their health implications, particularly the impact on kidney function. Given the kidneys’ crucial role in waste filtration, fluid and electrolyte balance, and their close connection to...
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Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Quality in Sport |
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| Online Access: | https://apcz.umk.pl/QS/article/view/57434 |
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| author | Julia Kulbacka Karol Dziedzic Filip Arczewski Michalina Wójcikiewicz Marta Chuncia-Ileczko Julia Kacperczyk Witold Czyż Damian Zys Piotr Pasek Julia Ryniecka |
| author_facet | Julia Kulbacka Karol Dziedzic Filip Arczewski Michalina Wójcikiewicz Marta Chuncia-Ileczko Julia Kacperczyk Witold Czyż Damian Zys Piotr Pasek Julia Ryniecka |
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Background: The increasing popularity of ultra-endurance sports emphasizes the need for a deeper understanding of their health implications, particularly the impact on kidney function. Given the kidneys’ crucial role in waste filtration, fluid and electrolyte balance, and their close connection to the physiological demands of intense physical activity, it requires detailed investigation from this perspective.
Purpose: The objective of this study is to present the current state of knowledge on the topic of kidney function in the context of ultra-endurance sports. It examines the risk factors, underlying mechanisms, and potential strategies for preventing renal injuries associated with these specific types of physical activities.
Findings: Ultra-endurance sports present significant risks to kidney health, including acute kidney injury (AKI) estimated to affect approximately 40% of participants, rhabdomyolysis and dehydration, which are often compounded by additional factors such as gastrointestinal distress and the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). There is a need for improved diagnostic criteria to detect acute renal injury in this population, with novel biomarkers such as neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), and cystatin C showing promise. A multifaceted preventive approach including strategies such as mandatory pre-event screening, the use of personal monitoring devices, proper hydration and nutrition, adequate race preparation, and the avoidance of NSAIDs is crucial to mitigate these risks and maintain renal health in ultra-endurance athletes.
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| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-dc223d14791f4a13a538e49235098b87 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2450-3118 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Quality in Sport |
| spelling | doaj-art-dc223d14791f4a13a538e49235098b872025-01-15T08:23:07ZengNicolaus Copernicus University in ToruńQuality in Sport2450-31182025-01-013710.12775/QS.2025.37.57434Kidney Function and Extreme Endurance Races: Risks, Mechanisms, and Preventing StrategiesJulia Kulbacka0https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1181-9104Karol Dziedzic1https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8317-723XFilip Arczewski2https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5179-7255Michalina Wójcikiewicz3https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3671-1410Marta Chuncia-Ileczko4https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0913-9752Julia Kacperczyk5https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6354-301XWitold Czyż6https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4442-9900Damian Zys7https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6578-6710Piotr Pasek8https://orcid.org/0009-0001-6218-9887Julia Ryniecka9https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5937-9498Central Teaching Hospital of the Medical University of Lodz, Pomorska 251, 92-213 Lodz, PolandMedical University of Lodz, Al T .Kosciuszki 4, 90-419 Lodz, PolandMedical University of Lodz, Al T .Kosciuszki 4, 90-419 Lodz, PolandCentral Teaching Hospital of the Medical University of Lodz, Pomorska 251, 92-213 Lodz, PolandCentral Teaching Hospital of the Medical University of Lodz, Pomorska 251, 92-213 Lodz, PolandMedical University of Lodz, Al. T. Kosciuszki 4, 90–419 Lodz, Poland Central Teaching Hospital of the Medical University of Lodz, Pomorska 251, 92-213 Lodz, PolandNorbert Barlicki Memorial Teaching Hospital No.1 of the Medical University of Lodz, ul. Stefana Kopcińskiego 22, 90-153 Łódź, PolandCopernicus Memorial Hospital, ul. Pabianicka 62, 93-513 Łódź, PolandMedical University of Lodz, Al T .Kosciuszki 4, 90-419 Lodz, Poland Background: The increasing popularity of ultra-endurance sports emphasizes the need for a deeper understanding of their health implications, particularly the impact on kidney function. Given the kidneys’ crucial role in waste filtration, fluid and electrolyte balance, and their close connection to the physiological demands of intense physical activity, it requires detailed investigation from this perspective. Purpose: The objective of this study is to present the current state of knowledge on the topic of kidney function in the context of ultra-endurance sports. It examines the risk factors, underlying mechanisms, and potential strategies for preventing renal injuries associated with these specific types of physical activities. Findings: Ultra-endurance sports present significant risks to kidney health, including acute kidney injury (AKI) estimated to affect approximately 40% of participants, rhabdomyolysis and dehydration, which are often compounded by additional factors such as gastrointestinal distress and the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). There is a need for improved diagnostic criteria to detect acute renal injury in this population, with novel biomarkers such as neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), and cystatin C showing promise. A multifaceted preventive approach including strategies such as mandatory pre-event screening, the use of personal monitoring devices, proper hydration and nutrition, adequate race preparation, and the avoidance of NSAIDs is crucial to mitigate these risks and maintain renal health in ultra-endurance athletes. https://apcz.umk.pl/QS/article/view/57434ultra-endurance sportsacute kidney injury (AKI)rhabdomyolysisnon-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) |
| spellingShingle | Julia Kulbacka Karol Dziedzic Filip Arczewski Michalina Wójcikiewicz Marta Chuncia-Ileczko Julia Kacperczyk Witold Czyż Damian Zys Piotr Pasek Julia Ryniecka Kidney Function and Extreme Endurance Races: Risks, Mechanisms, and Preventing Strategies Quality in Sport ultra-endurance sports acute kidney injury (AKI) rhabdomyolysis non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) |
| title | Kidney Function and Extreme Endurance Races: Risks, Mechanisms, and Preventing Strategies |
| title_full | Kidney Function and Extreme Endurance Races: Risks, Mechanisms, and Preventing Strategies |
| title_fullStr | Kidney Function and Extreme Endurance Races: Risks, Mechanisms, and Preventing Strategies |
| title_full_unstemmed | Kidney Function and Extreme Endurance Races: Risks, Mechanisms, and Preventing Strategies |
| title_short | Kidney Function and Extreme Endurance Races: Risks, Mechanisms, and Preventing Strategies |
| title_sort | kidney function and extreme endurance races risks mechanisms and preventing strategies |
| topic | ultra-endurance sports acute kidney injury (AKI) rhabdomyolysis non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) |
| url | https://apcz.umk.pl/QS/article/view/57434 |
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