Exploring the impact of fulvic acid and humic acid on heavy metal availability to alfalfa in molybdenum contaminated soil
Abstract Humic substances, such as Fulvic acid (FA) and humic acid (HA), are widely used for the remediation of heavy metal-contaminated soils due to their ability to enhance metal mobility and facilitate plant uptake. In this study, we conducted a pot experiment with alfalfa to investigate the effe...
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Nature Portfolio
2024-12-01
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| author | Mengmeng Wang Gangfu Song Zhihong Zheng Xiao Mi Zhixin Song |
| author_facet | Mengmeng Wang Gangfu Song Zhihong Zheng Xiao Mi Zhixin Song |
| author_sort | Mengmeng Wang |
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| description | Abstract Humic substances, such as Fulvic acid (FA) and humic acid (HA), are widely used for the remediation of heavy metal-contaminated soils due to their ability to enhance metal mobility and facilitate plant uptake. In this study, we conducted a pot experiment with alfalfa to investigate the effects of FA and HA amendments on the mobility of molybdenum (Mo) in the soil, its uptake by alfalfa plants, and subsequent changes in the microbial community. The results demonstrated that both FA and HA influence Mo accumulation in the soil and plants. Specifically, HA treatment increased Mo concentrations in alfalfa shoots and roots by 1.08–1.19 times and 1.19–2.43 times, respectively, compared to the control. In contrast, FA enhanced Mo concentrations in alfalfa roots (1.05–1.58 times) but reduced Mo levels in the shoots (0.78–0.85 times). Furthermore, the addition of FA and HA altered the chemical speciation of Mo in the soil, promoting the conversion of reducible and oxidizable fraction to more exchangeable and residual fraction. As a result, the proportion of non-residual Mo fractions (exchangeable, reducible, and oxidizable) decreased from 87.48% to 80.30-87.35%, while residual fractions increased from 12.52% to 12.65–19.70%. Additionally, the structure of the soil bacterial community was primarily influenced by changes in soil properties such as cation exchange capacity, available phosphorus, and ammonium nitrogen levels. This finding highlight the potential of FA and HA to enhance Mo availability, uptake, and translocation in alfalfa, suggesting that their application could be an effective strategy for phytoremediation of Mo-contaminated soils, particularly when alfalfa is used as a hyperaccumulator. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-dbab5f8e8e6f4143b25c101a786b032e2025-01-05T12:25:11ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222024-12-0114111110.1038/s41598-024-83813-6Exploring the impact of fulvic acid and humic acid on heavy metal availability to alfalfa in molybdenum contaminated soilMengmeng Wang0Gangfu Song1Zhihong Zheng2Xiao Mi3Zhixin Song4North China University of Water Resources and Electric PowerNorth China University of Water Resources and Electric PowerNorth China University of Water Resources and Electric PowerNorth China University of Water Resources and Electric PowerNorth China University of Water Resources and Electric PowerAbstract Humic substances, such as Fulvic acid (FA) and humic acid (HA), are widely used for the remediation of heavy metal-contaminated soils due to their ability to enhance metal mobility and facilitate plant uptake. In this study, we conducted a pot experiment with alfalfa to investigate the effects of FA and HA amendments on the mobility of molybdenum (Mo) in the soil, its uptake by alfalfa plants, and subsequent changes in the microbial community. The results demonstrated that both FA and HA influence Mo accumulation in the soil and plants. Specifically, HA treatment increased Mo concentrations in alfalfa shoots and roots by 1.08–1.19 times and 1.19–2.43 times, respectively, compared to the control. In contrast, FA enhanced Mo concentrations in alfalfa roots (1.05–1.58 times) but reduced Mo levels in the shoots (0.78–0.85 times). Furthermore, the addition of FA and HA altered the chemical speciation of Mo in the soil, promoting the conversion of reducible and oxidizable fraction to more exchangeable and residual fraction. As a result, the proportion of non-residual Mo fractions (exchangeable, reducible, and oxidizable) decreased from 87.48% to 80.30-87.35%, while residual fractions increased from 12.52% to 12.65–19.70%. Additionally, the structure of the soil bacterial community was primarily influenced by changes in soil properties such as cation exchange capacity, available phosphorus, and ammonium nitrogen levels. This finding highlight the potential of FA and HA to enhance Mo availability, uptake, and translocation in alfalfa, suggesting that their application could be an effective strategy for phytoremediation of Mo-contaminated soils, particularly when alfalfa is used as a hyperaccumulator.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-83813-6Bacterial communityContaminated soilFulvic acid and humic acidMolybdenumPhytoremediation |
| spellingShingle | Mengmeng Wang Gangfu Song Zhihong Zheng Xiao Mi Zhixin Song Exploring the impact of fulvic acid and humic acid on heavy metal availability to alfalfa in molybdenum contaminated soil Scientific Reports Bacterial community Contaminated soil Fulvic acid and humic acid Molybdenum Phytoremediation |
| title | Exploring the impact of fulvic acid and humic acid on heavy metal availability to alfalfa in molybdenum contaminated soil |
| title_full | Exploring the impact of fulvic acid and humic acid on heavy metal availability to alfalfa in molybdenum contaminated soil |
| title_fullStr | Exploring the impact of fulvic acid and humic acid on heavy metal availability to alfalfa in molybdenum contaminated soil |
| title_full_unstemmed | Exploring the impact of fulvic acid and humic acid on heavy metal availability to alfalfa in molybdenum contaminated soil |
| title_short | Exploring the impact of fulvic acid and humic acid on heavy metal availability to alfalfa in molybdenum contaminated soil |
| title_sort | exploring the impact of fulvic acid and humic acid on heavy metal availability to alfalfa in molybdenum contaminated soil |
| topic | Bacterial community Contaminated soil Fulvic acid and humic acid Molybdenum Phytoremediation |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-83813-6 |
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