Scale‐Dependent Inter‐Catchment Groundwater Flow in Forested Catchments: Analysis of Multi‐Catchment Water Balance Observations in Japan
Abstract Inter‐catchment groundwater flow (IGF) plays an essential role in streamflow generation and water quality in forested headwaters. Multiple factors are thought to contribute to IGF, including climate, topographical, and geological factors. However, studies have not clarified the relationship...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Wiley
2024-07-01
|
| Series: | Water Resources Research |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1029/2024WR037161 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1849687288801394688 |
|---|---|
| author | Tomoki Oda Kenta Iwasaki Tomohiro Egusa Tayoko Kubota Sho Iwagami Shin'ichi Iida Hiroki Momiyama Takanori Shimizu |
| author_facet | Tomoki Oda Kenta Iwasaki Tomohiro Egusa Tayoko Kubota Sho Iwagami Shin'ichi Iida Hiroki Momiyama Takanori Shimizu |
| author_sort | Tomoki Oda |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Inter‐catchment groundwater flow (IGF) plays an essential role in streamflow generation and water quality in forested headwaters. Multiple factors are thought to contribute to IGF, including climate, topographical, and geological factors. However, studies have not clarified the relationships between IGF and catchment properties in the headwater catchments due to the lack of observational data at scales smaller than 100 ha. This study examined possible factors influencing IGF using random forest analysis based on annual water balance data from 152 forested catchments ranging from 0.09 to 9400 ha in Japan. The results showed that catchment scale had the greatest influence on IGF, and IGF tended to decrease with increasing catchment area at scales of less than 10 ha. The average IGF stabilized around zero in catchments greater than 10 ha. The averaged IGF trend with catchment scale indicated more outward groundwater flow in catchments smaller than 10 ha, but no relationship between IGF and catchment size in catchments larger than 10 ha. The variability in IGF decreased with catchment size and was lowest at 10–100 ha. The decrease in variability in catchments less than 100 ha was mainly due to river confluence and the increased variability in catchments larger than 100 ha indicated potential observation errors increase in catchments of this size. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-db3ff955c0444a33a89b2adb7300d1e5 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 0043-1397 1944-7973 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-07-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Water Resources Research |
| spelling | doaj-art-db3ff955c0444a33a89b2adb7300d1e52025-08-20T03:22:22ZengWileyWater Resources Research0043-13971944-79732024-07-01607n/an/a10.1029/2024WR037161Scale‐Dependent Inter‐Catchment Groundwater Flow in Forested Catchments: Analysis of Multi‐Catchment Water Balance Observations in JapanTomoki Oda0Kenta Iwasaki1Tomohiro Egusa2Tayoko Kubota3Sho Iwagami4Shin'ichi Iida5Hiroki Momiyama6Takanori Shimizu7Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute Tsukuba JapanForestry and Forest Products Research Institute Tsukuba JapanFaculty of Agriculture Shizuoka University Shizuoka JapanForestry and Forest Products Research Institute Tsukuba JapanForestry and Forest Products Research Institute Tsukuba JapanForestry and Forest Products Research Institute Tsukuba JapanForestry and Forest Products Research Institute Tsukuba JapanForestry and Forest Products Research Institute Tsukuba JapanAbstract Inter‐catchment groundwater flow (IGF) plays an essential role in streamflow generation and water quality in forested headwaters. Multiple factors are thought to contribute to IGF, including climate, topographical, and geological factors. However, studies have not clarified the relationships between IGF and catchment properties in the headwater catchments due to the lack of observational data at scales smaller than 100 ha. This study examined possible factors influencing IGF using random forest analysis based on annual water balance data from 152 forested catchments ranging from 0.09 to 9400 ha in Japan. The results showed that catchment scale had the greatest influence on IGF, and IGF tended to decrease with increasing catchment area at scales of less than 10 ha. The average IGF stabilized around zero in catchments greater than 10 ha. The averaged IGF trend with catchment scale indicated more outward groundwater flow in catchments smaller than 10 ha, but no relationship between IGF and catchment size in catchments larger than 10 ha. The variability in IGF decreased with catchment size and was lowest at 10–100 ha. The decrease in variability in catchments less than 100 ha was mainly due to river confluence and the increased variability in catchments larger than 100 ha indicated potential observation errors increase in catchments of this size.https://doi.org/10.1029/2024WR037161water balancegroundwater flowforested catchment |
| spellingShingle | Tomoki Oda Kenta Iwasaki Tomohiro Egusa Tayoko Kubota Sho Iwagami Shin'ichi Iida Hiroki Momiyama Takanori Shimizu Scale‐Dependent Inter‐Catchment Groundwater Flow in Forested Catchments: Analysis of Multi‐Catchment Water Balance Observations in Japan Water Resources Research water balance groundwater flow forested catchment |
| title | Scale‐Dependent Inter‐Catchment Groundwater Flow in Forested Catchments: Analysis of Multi‐Catchment Water Balance Observations in Japan |
| title_full | Scale‐Dependent Inter‐Catchment Groundwater Flow in Forested Catchments: Analysis of Multi‐Catchment Water Balance Observations in Japan |
| title_fullStr | Scale‐Dependent Inter‐Catchment Groundwater Flow in Forested Catchments: Analysis of Multi‐Catchment Water Balance Observations in Japan |
| title_full_unstemmed | Scale‐Dependent Inter‐Catchment Groundwater Flow in Forested Catchments: Analysis of Multi‐Catchment Water Balance Observations in Japan |
| title_short | Scale‐Dependent Inter‐Catchment Groundwater Flow in Forested Catchments: Analysis of Multi‐Catchment Water Balance Observations in Japan |
| title_sort | scale dependent inter catchment groundwater flow in forested catchments analysis of multi catchment water balance observations in japan |
| topic | water balance groundwater flow forested catchment |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1029/2024WR037161 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT tomokioda scaledependentintercatchmentgroundwaterflowinforestedcatchmentsanalysisofmulticatchmentwaterbalanceobservationsinjapan AT kentaiwasaki scaledependentintercatchmentgroundwaterflowinforestedcatchmentsanalysisofmulticatchmentwaterbalanceobservationsinjapan AT tomohiroegusa scaledependentintercatchmentgroundwaterflowinforestedcatchmentsanalysisofmulticatchmentwaterbalanceobservationsinjapan AT tayokokubota scaledependentintercatchmentgroundwaterflowinforestedcatchmentsanalysisofmulticatchmentwaterbalanceobservationsinjapan AT shoiwagami scaledependentintercatchmentgroundwaterflowinforestedcatchmentsanalysisofmulticatchmentwaterbalanceobservationsinjapan AT shinichiiida scaledependentintercatchmentgroundwaterflowinforestedcatchmentsanalysisofmulticatchmentwaterbalanceobservationsinjapan AT hirokimomiyama scaledependentintercatchmentgroundwaterflowinforestedcatchmentsanalysisofmulticatchmentwaterbalanceobservationsinjapan AT takanorishimizu scaledependentintercatchmentgroundwaterflowinforestedcatchmentsanalysisofmulticatchmentwaterbalanceobservationsinjapan |