Cultural Heritage Architecture and Climate Adaptation: A Socio-Environmental Analysis of Sustainable Building Techniques

This research investigates how historical architectural practices offer valuable solutions for contemporary climate adaptation challenges. Through systematic documentary analysis, we examine how European builders across centuries developed sophisticated construction techniques to address climate var...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Victoria Sanagustín-Fons, Polina Stavrou, José Antonio Moseñe-Fierro, Francisco Escario Sierra, Guido Castrolla, Cândida Rocha, Ester Bazco Nogueras
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-05-01
Series:Land
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/14/5/1022
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:This research investigates how historical architectural practices offer valuable solutions for contemporary climate adaptation challenges. Through systematic documentary analysis, we examine how European builders across centuries developed sophisticated construction techniques to address climate variability—techniques that remain relevant as we face increasingly extreme climate conditions. Our study focuses mainly on La Aljafería Palace in Zaragoza, Spain, a remarkable 11th-century Islamic structure that exemplifies bioclimatic design principles. We analyze its ingenious architectural elements—strategic courtyards, thermal mass management, passive ventilation systems, and innovative water features—that collectively create comfortable interior environments despite the region’s harsh summer climate. Similar analyses were conducted on historical structures in Italy, Greece, Portugal, and Cyprus as part of the ClimAid European project. Our findings reveal that these ancestral building practices utilized locally available materials and passive design strategies that required minimal energy inputs while providing effective climate regulation. We conclude that modern architects, conservationists, and policymakers face a dual challenge: developing strategies to reduce the vulnerability of historical structures to current climate impacts while also learning from and adapting these time-tested techniques to contemporary sustainable design. This research demonstrates how cultural heritage can serve not merely as an object of preservation but as a valuable knowledge repository for addressing present-day environmental challenges.
ISSN:2073-445X