Optimal Control Strategies for Dengue and Malaria Co-Infection Disease Model
Dengue and malaria fever infections are mosquito-borne diseases that pose significant threats to human health. There is an urgent need for effective strategies to prevent, control, and raise awareness about the public health risks of dengue and malaria. In this manuscript, we analyze a mathematical...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Mathematics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/13/1/43 |
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| author | Muhammad Imran Brett Allen McKinney Azhar Iqbal Kashif Butt Pasquale Palumbo Saira Batool Hassan Aftab |
| author_facet | Muhammad Imran Brett Allen McKinney Azhar Iqbal Kashif Butt Pasquale Palumbo Saira Batool Hassan Aftab |
| author_sort | Muhammad Imran |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Dengue and malaria fever infections are mosquito-borne diseases that pose significant threats to human health. There is an urgent need for effective strategies to prevent, control, and raise awareness about the public health risks of dengue and malaria. In this manuscript, we analyze a mathematical model that addresses the dynamics of dengue–malaria co-infection and propose optimal control strategies across four different scenarios to limit the spread of the disease. The results indicate that non-pharmaceutical interventions are the most effective and feasible standalone strategy, yielding significant reductions in disease transmission. Additionally, vector population control through spraying is identified as the second most significant method, with a proportional decrease in disease prevalence corresponding to the reduction in the mosquito population. While pharmaceutical treatments alone do not fully eradicate the disease, they do contribute to its containment. Notably, the combination of vector control and non-pharmaceutical strategies proved to be the most effective approach, ensuring rapid disease eradication. These findings emphasize the importance of integrated interventions in managing co-infection dynamics and highlight the vital role of prevention-oriented strategies. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-d97f48a610814efcb7945c4725dbf65f |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2227-7390 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Mathematics |
| spelling | doaj-art-d97f48a610814efcb7945c4725dbf65f2025-01-10T13:18:03ZengMDPI AGMathematics2227-73902024-12-011314310.3390/math13010043Optimal Control Strategies for Dengue and Malaria Co-Infection Disease ModelMuhammad Imran0Brett Allen McKinney1Azhar Iqbal Kashif Butt2Pasquale Palumbo3Saira Batool4Hassan Aftab5Tandy School of Computer Science, The University of Tulsa, 800 South Tucker Drive, Tulsa, OK 74104, USATandy School of Computer Science, The University of Tulsa, 800 South Tucker Drive, Tulsa, OK 74104, USADepartment of Mathematics and Statistics, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Biotechnologies and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca Piazza, della Scienza 2, 20126 Milan, ItalyTandy School of Computer Science, The University of Tulsa, 800 South Tucker Drive, Tulsa, OK 74104, USADepartment of Mathematics, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore 54000, PakistanDengue and malaria fever infections are mosquito-borne diseases that pose significant threats to human health. There is an urgent need for effective strategies to prevent, control, and raise awareness about the public health risks of dengue and malaria. In this manuscript, we analyze a mathematical model that addresses the dynamics of dengue–malaria co-infection and propose optimal control strategies across four different scenarios to limit the spread of the disease. The results indicate that non-pharmaceutical interventions are the most effective and feasible standalone strategy, yielding significant reductions in disease transmission. Additionally, vector population control through spraying is identified as the second most significant method, with a proportional decrease in disease prevalence corresponding to the reduction in the mosquito population. While pharmaceutical treatments alone do not fully eradicate the disease, they do contribute to its containment. Notably, the combination of vector control and non-pharmaceutical strategies proved to be the most effective approach, ensuring rapid disease eradication. These findings emphasize the importance of integrated interventions in managing co-infection dynamics and highlight the vital role of prevention-oriented strategies.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/13/1/43dengue-malariaco-infection modelpharmaceutical and non-pharmaceutical controloptimal control analysis |
| spellingShingle | Muhammad Imran Brett Allen McKinney Azhar Iqbal Kashif Butt Pasquale Palumbo Saira Batool Hassan Aftab Optimal Control Strategies for Dengue and Malaria Co-Infection Disease Model Mathematics dengue-malaria co-infection model pharmaceutical and non-pharmaceutical control optimal control analysis |
| title | Optimal Control Strategies for Dengue and Malaria Co-Infection Disease Model |
| title_full | Optimal Control Strategies for Dengue and Malaria Co-Infection Disease Model |
| title_fullStr | Optimal Control Strategies for Dengue and Malaria Co-Infection Disease Model |
| title_full_unstemmed | Optimal Control Strategies for Dengue and Malaria Co-Infection Disease Model |
| title_short | Optimal Control Strategies for Dengue and Malaria Co-Infection Disease Model |
| title_sort | optimal control strategies for dengue and malaria co infection disease model |
| topic | dengue-malaria co-infection model pharmaceutical and non-pharmaceutical control optimal control analysis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/13/1/43 |
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