Determination and Removal of Potentially Toxic Elements by <i>Phragmites australis</i> (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud. (Poaceae) in the Valles River, San Luis Potosí (Central Mexico)
The contamination of rivers by potentially toxic elements (PTEs) is a problem of global importance. The Valles River is Ciudad Valles’ (Central Mexico) main source of drinking water. During the four seasons of the year, water samples (n = 6), sediment samples (n = 6), and <i>Phragmites austral...
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MDPI AG
2024-12-01
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| author | José Angel Montes-Rocha Rocío del Carmen Diaz-Torres Angel Josabad Alonso-Castro César Arturo Ilizaliturri-Hernández Leticia Carrizales-Yáñez Candy Carranza-Álvarez |
| author_facet | José Angel Montes-Rocha Rocío del Carmen Diaz-Torres Angel Josabad Alonso-Castro César Arturo Ilizaliturri-Hernández Leticia Carrizales-Yáñez Candy Carranza-Álvarez |
| author_sort | José Angel Montes-Rocha |
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| description | The contamination of rivers by potentially toxic elements (PTEs) is a problem of global importance. The Valles River is Ciudad Valles’ (Central Mexico) main source of drinking water. During the four seasons of the year, water samples (n = 6), sediment samples (n = 6), and <i>Phragmites australis</i> plants (n = 10) were taken from three study sites selected based on the presence of anthropogenic activities in the Valles River. A graphite atomic absorption spectrophotometer estimated elements in the water, and an energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometer quantified elements in sediments and plant samples. <i>Phragmites australis</i> accumulated metal(loid)s mainly in the roots during all seasons of the year. Water samples from all sites recorded PTEs (As, Pb, Cd, and Hg), with primary sources identified as the sugar industry, urban and industrial wastewater, and the combustion of fossil fuels. Sediment samples showed concentrations of Hg, Mn, Ni, Zn, Pb, V, Cu, Cr, and Cd, attributed to agricultural practices, industrial activity, and urbanization. <i>P. australis</i> is an alternative for in situ phytoremediation because this macrophyte can bioaccumulate different elements in its roots, such as Mn, Rb, V, Sr, Cu, Zn, Pb, Ni, and As. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-d83e92b4a17f428ebf5cb2108b4217f4 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj-art-d83e92b4a17f428ebf5cb2108b4217f42025-01-10T13:19:33ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472024-12-011413310.3390/plants14010033Determination and Removal of Potentially Toxic Elements by <i>Phragmites australis</i> (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud. (Poaceae) in the Valles River, San Luis Potosí (Central Mexico)José Angel Montes-Rocha0Rocío del Carmen Diaz-Torres1Angel Josabad Alonso-Castro2César Arturo Ilizaliturri-Hernández3Leticia Carrizales-Yáñez4Candy Carranza-Álvarez5Postgraduate in Chemical Sciences, Autonomous University of San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí 78210, MexicoSchool of Professional Studies Huasteca Zone, Autonomous University of San Luis Potosí, Ciudad Valles, San Luis Potosí 79060, MexicoDivision of Natural and Exact Sciences, University of Guanajuato, Guanajuato 36000, MexicoCoordination for Innovation and Application of Science and Technology CIACYT-Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí 78210, MexicoCoordination for Innovation and Application of Science and Technology CIACYT-Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí 78210, MexicoSchool of Professional Studies Huasteca Zone, Autonomous University of San Luis Potosí, Ciudad Valles, San Luis Potosí 79060, MexicoThe contamination of rivers by potentially toxic elements (PTEs) is a problem of global importance. The Valles River is Ciudad Valles’ (Central Mexico) main source of drinking water. During the four seasons of the year, water samples (n = 6), sediment samples (n = 6), and <i>Phragmites australis</i> plants (n = 10) were taken from three study sites selected based on the presence of anthropogenic activities in the Valles River. A graphite atomic absorption spectrophotometer estimated elements in the water, and an energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometer quantified elements in sediments and plant samples. <i>Phragmites australis</i> accumulated metal(loid)s mainly in the roots during all seasons of the year. Water samples from all sites recorded PTEs (As, Pb, Cd, and Hg), with primary sources identified as the sugar industry, urban and industrial wastewater, and the combustion of fossil fuels. Sediment samples showed concentrations of Hg, Mn, Ni, Zn, Pb, V, Cu, Cr, and Cd, attributed to agricultural practices, industrial activity, and urbanization. <i>P. australis</i> is an alternative for in situ phytoremediation because this macrophyte can bioaccumulate different elements in its roots, such as Mn, Rb, V, Sr, Cu, Zn, Pb, Ni, and As.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/14/1/33potentially toxic elementswater pollutionphytoremediation<i>P. australis</i> |
| spellingShingle | José Angel Montes-Rocha Rocío del Carmen Diaz-Torres Angel Josabad Alonso-Castro César Arturo Ilizaliturri-Hernández Leticia Carrizales-Yáñez Candy Carranza-Álvarez Determination and Removal of Potentially Toxic Elements by <i>Phragmites australis</i> (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud. (Poaceae) in the Valles River, San Luis Potosí (Central Mexico) Plants potentially toxic elements water pollution phytoremediation <i>P. australis</i> |
| title | Determination and Removal of Potentially Toxic Elements by <i>Phragmites australis</i> (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud. (Poaceae) in the Valles River, San Luis Potosí (Central Mexico) |
| title_full | Determination and Removal of Potentially Toxic Elements by <i>Phragmites australis</i> (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud. (Poaceae) in the Valles River, San Luis Potosí (Central Mexico) |
| title_fullStr | Determination and Removal of Potentially Toxic Elements by <i>Phragmites australis</i> (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud. (Poaceae) in the Valles River, San Luis Potosí (Central Mexico) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Determination and Removal of Potentially Toxic Elements by <i>Phragmites australis</i> (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud. (Poaceae) in the Valles River, San Luis Potosí (Central Mexico) |
| title_short | Determination and Removal of Potentially Toxic Elements by <i>Phragmites australis</i> (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud. (Poaceae) in the Valles River, San Luis Potosí (Central Mexico) |
| title_sort | determination and removal of potentially toxic elements by i phragmites australis i cav trin ex steud poaceae in the valles river san luis potosi central mexico |
| topic | potentially toxic elements water pollution phytoremediation <i>P. australis</i> |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/14/1/33 |
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