Horseshoe kidney presenting with features of left ureteropelvic junction obstruction—insights into management: a case report and review of the literature
Abstract Background Horseshoe kidney is the most common renal fusion anomaly, occurring in approximately 1 in 500 individuals worldwide. It is characterized by abnormalities in kidney position, rotation, and vascular supply. While often asymptomatic, horseshoe kidneys can lead to urological complica...
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2025-01-01
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13256-024-04981-7 |
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| author | Philipo Felix Mwita Charles John Nhungo Amini Mitamo Alexandre Sylvia Bedas Nsato Theofilo Mmbando Gabriel Mtaturu Obadia Nyongole Charles A. Mkony |
| author_facet | Philipo Felix Mwita Charles John Nhungo Amini Mitamo Alexandre Sylvia Bedas Nsato Theofilo Mmbando Gabriel Mtaturu Obadia Nyongole Charles A. Mkony |
| author_sort | Philipo Felix Mwita |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Horseshoe kidney is the most common renal fusion anomaly, occurring in approximately 1 in 500 individuals worldwide. It is characterized by abnormalities in kidney position, rotation, and vascular supply. While often asymptomatic, horseshoe kidneys can lead to urological complications, primarily due to ureteric obstruction and impaired urinary drainage.Although ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO) is uncommon in horseshoe kidneys, its occurrence presents unique diagnostic and management challenges. This case explores the etiology, clinical presentation, and surgical management of UPJO in a patient with a horseshoe kidney, highlighting the critical role of urologists in addressing these anatomical and functional complexities. Case presentation We report the case of a 3-month-old African male infant who presented with a two-month history of excessive crying and symmetrical abdominal distension. Radiological evaluation revealed a horseshoe kidney with decreased parenchymal thickness in the left kidney and marked hydronephrosis of the pelvis and calyces, with abrupt cessation at the left ureteropelvic junction. Surgical correction of the obstruction was performed successfully. The patient was followed for six months, during which he remained symptom-free with normal renal function tests. Conclusion Ureteropelvic junction obstruction in a horseshoe kidney presents unique anatomical challenges. Symptomatic cases require thorough imaging for diagnosis and surgical planning. Pyeloplasty is the typical surgical intervention, meticulously planned to address these complexities. This ensures effective relief of obstructions and proper urinary drainage. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-d7c736c856414b1dbc7b8360389afce4 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1752-1947 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Medical Case Reports |
| spelling | doaj-art-d7c736c856414b1dbc7b8360389afce42025-01-12T12:25:26ZengBMCJournal of Medical Case Reports1752-19472025-01-011911610.1186/s13256-024-04981-7Horseshoe kidney presenting with features of left ureteropelvic junction obstruction—insights into management: a case report and review of the literaturePhilipo Felix Mwita0Charles John Nhungo1Amini Mitamo Alexandre2Sylvia Bedas Nsato3Theofilo Mmbando4Gabriel Mtaturu5Obadia Nyongole6Charles A. Mkony7Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied SciencesDepartment of Surgery, School of Medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied SciencesDepartment of Surgery, School of Medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied SciencesDepartment of Radiology, Muhimbili National HospitalDepartment of Urology, Muhimbili National HospitalDepartment of Urology, Muhimbili National HospitalDepartment of Surgery, School of Medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied SciencesDepartment of Surgery, School of Medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied SciencesAbstract Background Horseshoe kidney is the most common renal fusion anomaly, occurring in approximately 1 in 500 individuals worldwide. It is characterized by abnormalities in kidney position, rotation, and vascular supply. While often asymptomatic, horseshoe kidneys can lead to urological complications, primarily due to ureteric obstruction and impaired urinary drainage.Although ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO) is uncommon in horseshoe kidneys, its occurrence presents unique diagnostic and management challenges. This case explores the etiology, clinical presentation, and surgical management of UPJO in a patient with a horseshoe kidney, highlighting the critical role of urologists in addressing these anatomical and functional complexities. Case presentation We report the case of a 3-month-old African male infant who presented with a two-month history of excessive crying and symmetrical abdominal distension. Radiological evaluation revealed a horseshoe kidney with decreased parenchymal thickness in the left kidney and marked hydronephrosis of the pelvis and calyces, with abrupt cessation at the left ureteropelvic junction. Surgical correction of the obstruction was performed successfully. The patient was followed for six months, during which he remained symptom-free with normal renal function tests. Conclusion Ureteropelvic junction obstruction in a horseshoe kidney presents unique anatomical challenges. Symptomatic cases require thorough imaging for diagnosis and surgical planning. Pyeloplasty is the typical surgical intervention, meticulously planned to address these complexities. This ensures effective relief of obstructions and proper urinary drainage.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13256-024-04981-7Horseshoe kidneyUreteropelvic junction obstructionHydronephrosisDismembered pyeloplasty |
| spellingShingle | Philipo Felix Mwita Charles John Nhungo Amini Mitamo Alexandre Sylvia Bedas Nsato Theofilo Mmbando Gabriel Mtaturu Obadia Nyongole Charles A. Mkony Horseshoe kidney presenting with features of left ureteropelvic junction obstruction—insights into management: a case report and review of the literature Journal of Medical Case Reports Horseshoe kidney Ureteropelvic junction obstruction Hydronephrosis Dismembered pyeloplasty |
| title | Horseshoe kidney presenting with features of left ureteropelvic junction obstruction—insights into management: a case report and review of the literature |
| title_full | Horseshoe kidney presenting with features of left ureteropelvic junction obstruction—insights into management: a case report and review of the literature |
| title_fullStr | Horseshoe kidney presenting with features of left ureteropelvic junction obstruction—insights into management: a case report and review of the literature |
| title_full_unstemmed | Horseshoe kidney presenting with features of left ureteropelvic junction obstruction—insights into management: a case report and review of the literature |
| title_short | Horseshoe kidney presenting with features of left ureteropelvic junction obstruction—insights into management: a case report and review of the literature |
| title_sort | horseshoe kidney presenting with features of left ureteropelvic junction obstruction insights into management a case report and review of the literature |
| topic | Horseshoe kidney Ureteropelvic junction obstruction Hydronephrosis Dismembered pyeloplasty |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13256-024-04981-7 |
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