Prevalence of clinical characteristics of lipodystrophy in the US adult population in a healthcare claims database
Abstract Background Lipodystrophy (LD) is characterized by progressive loss of adipose tissue and consequential metabolic abnormalities. With new treatments emerging for LD, there is a growing need to understand the prevalence of specific comorbidities that may be commonly associated with the condit...
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| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BMC
2024-07-01
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| Series: | BMC Endocrine Disorders |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12902-024-01629-x |
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| Summary: | Abstract Background Lipodystrophy (LD) is characterized by progressive loss of adipose tissue and consequential metabolic abnormalities. With new treatments emerging for LD, there is a growing need to understand the prevalence of specific comorbidities that may be commonly associated with the condition to contextualize its natural history without any disease-modifying therapy. Objective To examine the risk of specific clinical characteristics in people living with LD in 2018–2019 compared with the general US population, among the commercially insured US population. Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted using the 2018–2019 Clinformatics® Data Mart database. An adult LD cohort (age ≥ 18 years) with ≥1 inpatient or ≥2 outpatient LD diagnoses was created. The LD cohort included non–HIV-associated LD (non–HIV-LD) and HIV-associated LD (HIV-LD) subgroups, which were compared against age- and sex-matched control groups with a 1:4 ratio from the general population with neither an LD or an HIV diagnosis using odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results We identified 546 individuals with non–HIV-LD (mean age, 60.3 ± 14.9 years; female, 67.6%) and 334 individuals with HIV-LD (mean age, 59.2 ± 8.3 years; female, 15.0%) in 2018–2019. Compared with the general population, individuals with non–HIV-LD had higher risks (OR [95% CI]) for hyperlipidemia (3.32 [2.71–4.09]), hypertension (3.58 [2.89–4.44]), diabetes mellitus (4.72 [3.85–5.79]), kidney disease (2.78 [2.19–3.53]), liver fibrosis or cirrhosis (4.06 [1.66–9.95]), cancer (2.20 [1.59–3.01]), and serious infections resulting in hospitalization (3.00 [2.19–4.10]). Compared with individuals with HIV, those with HIV-LD have higher odds of hypertension (1.47 [1.13–1.92]), hyperlipidemia (2.46 [1.86–3.28]), and diabetes (1.37 [1.04–1.79]). Conclusions LD imposes a substantial burden on affected individuals due to a high prevalence of metabolic comorbidities and other complications as compared with the general non-LD population. Future longitudinal follow-up studies investigating the causality between LD and observed comorbidities are warranted. |
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| ISSN: | 1472-6823 |