Dynamic models for impact-initiated stress waves through snow columns
The objective of this research is to model snow's response to dynamic, impact loading. Two constitutive relationships are considered: elastic and Maxwell-viscoelastic. These material models are applied to laboratory experiments consisting of 1000 individual impacts across 22 snow column configu...
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Cambridge University Press
2024-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Glaciology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0022143024000261/type/journal_article |
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| author | Samuel Vincent Verplanck Edward Eagan Adams |
| author_facet | Samuel Vincent Verplanck Edward Eagan Adams |
| author_sort | Samuel Vincent Verplanck |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The objective of this research is to model snow's response to dynamic, impact loading. Two constitutive relationships are considered: elastic and Maxwell-viscoelastic. These material models are applied to laboratory experiments consisting of 1000 individual impacts across 22 snow column configurations. The columns are 60 cm tall with a 30 cm by 30 cm cross-section. The snow ranges in density from 135 to 428 kg m−3 and is loaded with both short-duration (~1 ms) and long-duration (~10 ms) impacts. The Maxwell-viscoelastic model more accurately describes snow's response because it contains a mechanism for energy dissipation, which the elastic model does not. Furthermore, the ascertained model parameters show a clear dependence on impact duration; shorter duration impacts resulted in higher wave speeds and greater damping coefficients. The stress wave's magnitude is amplified when it hits a stiffer material because of the positive interference between incident and reflected waves. This phenomenon is observed in the laboratory and modeled with the governing equations. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-d581497e470b49c08aa49427fdb022e5 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 0022-1430 1727-5652 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | Cambridge University Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Glaciology |
| spelling | doaj-art-d581497e470b49c08aa49427fdb022e52025-01-16T21:52:57ZengCambridge University PressJournal of Glaciology0022-14301727-56522024-01-017010.1017/jog.2024.26Dynamic models for impact-initiated stress waves through snow columnsSamuel Vincent Verplanck0https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9697-4970Edward Eagan Adams1Norm Asbjornson College of Engineering, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USANorm Asbjornson College of Engineering, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USAThe objective of this research is to model snow's response to dynamic, impact loading. Two constitutive relationships are considered: elastic and Maxwell-viscoelastic. These material models are applied to laboratory experiments consisting of 1000 individual impacts across 22 snow column configurations. The columns are 60 cm tall with a 30 cm by 30 cm cross-section. The snow ranges in density from 135 to 428 kg m−3 and is loaded with both short-duration (~1 ms) and long-duration (~10 ms) impacts. The Maxwell-viscoelastic model more accurately describes snow's response because it contains a mechanism for energy dissipation, which the elastic model does not. Furthermore, the ascertained model parameters show a clear dependence on impact duration; shorter duration impacts resulted in higher wave speeds and greater damping coefficients. The stress wave's magnitude is amplified when it hits a stiffer material because of the positive interference between incident and reflected waves. This phenomenon is observed in the laboratory and modeled with the governing equations.https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0022143024000261/type/journal_articleavalanchessnow mechanicssnow |
| spellingShingle | Samuel Vincent Verplanck Edward Eagan Adams Dynamic models for impact-initiated stress waves through snow columns Journal of Glaciology avalanches snow mechanics snow |
| title | Dynamic models for impact-initiated stress waves through snow columns |
| title_full | Dynamic models for impact-initiated stress waves through snow columns |
| title_fullStr | Dynamic models for impact-initiated stress waves through snow columns |
| title_full_unstemmed | Dynamic models for impact-initiated stress waves through snow columns |
| title_short | Dynamic models for impact-initiated stress waves through snow columns |
| title_sort | dynamic models for impact initiated stress waves through snow columns |
| topic | avalanches snow mechanics snow |
| url | https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0022143024000261/type/journal_article |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT samuelvincentverplanck dynamicmodelsforimpactinitiatedstresswavesthroughsnowcolumns AT edwardeaganadams dynamicmodelsforimpactinitiatedstresswavesthroughsnowcolumns |