Are Bentong ginger (Zingiber officinale) biosynthesized silver nanoparticles safe and effective? An optimization, characterization, and toxicity evaluation study
The biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles from ginger extract is particularly interesting due to the bioactive compounds present in ginger, which have antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory properties. The study aims to optimize, characterize, and evaluate the toxicity value of the biosynt...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Elsevier
2025-01-01
|
| Series: | OpenNano |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352952024000252 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1841550717430530048 |
|---|---|
| author | Nor-Azmiraah Abd Jabar Mahmud Ab Rashid Nor-Khaizura Siti Izera Ismail Yuet Ying Loo Kah Hui Chong Kousalya Padmanabhan Shan Jiang |
| author_facet | Nor-Azmiraah Abd Jabar Mahmud Ab Rashid Nor-Khaizura Siti Izera Ismail Yuet Ying Loo Kah Hui Chong Kousalya Padmanabhan Shan Jiang |
| author_sort | Nor-Azmiraah Abd Jabar |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles from ginger extract is particularly interesting due to the bioactive compounds present in ginger, which have antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory properties. The study aims to optimize, characterize, and evaluate the toxicity value of the biosynthesized silver nanoparticles using Bentong ginger (Zingiber officinale) rhizome extract and commercialized ginger powder extract as reducing and capping agents. The synthesis was optimized regarding pH, silver nitrate concentration, and incubation time for better yield and stability. Additionally, biosynthesized silver nanoparticles were characterized using UV–vis spectrophotometer, X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform Infrared, and Transmission Electron Microscope analysis. Cytotoxicity test was done using brine shrimp lethality test to determine toxicity value. The result for both Bentong ginger rhizome extract and commercialized ginger powder extract indicated that the maximum absorption of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles was 450 nm, with the most optimum pH of 11, 1 mM of silver nitrate concentration, and incubation time of 24 h. The nanoparticles were almost spherical, with an average particle size of 15.08 ± 6 nm. The analysis confirms the presence of phytochemicals in the ginger extract that aids in reducing silver ions into silver nanoparticles. Brine shrimp lethality assay showed the LC50 for AgNPs was medium toxic at 838.31 µg/mL. Although silver nanoparticles possess antimicrobial ability, the potential toxicity to human health and environmental concerns must be considered before deploying into food industries. This is the first report utilizing Bentong ginger in silver nanoparticle synthesis. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-d37887540a1845659ab1fc1900b56429 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2352-9520 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | OpenNano |
| spelling | doaj-art-d37887540a1845659ab1fc1900b564292025-01-10T04:38:00ZengElsevierOpenNano2352-95202025-01-0121100224Are Bentong ginger (Zingiber officinale) biosynthesized silver nanoparticles safe and effective? An optimization, characterization, and toxicity evaluation studyNor-Azmiraah Abd Jabar0Mahmud Ab Rashid Nor-Khaizura1Siti Izera Ismail2Yuet Ying Loo3Kah Hui Chong4Kousalya Padmanabhan5Shan Jiang6Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor MalaysiaInstitute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Malaysia; Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Corresponding author.Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor MalaysiaDepartment of Pathology, Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Jalan Pahang 50586, Kuala Lumpur, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, MalaysiaFaculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, MalaysiaFaculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, MalaysiaFaculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, MalaysiaThe biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles from ginger extract is particularly interesting due to the bioactive compounds present in ginger, which have antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory properties. The study aims to optimize, characterize, and evaluate the toxicity value of the biosynthesized silver nanoparticles using Bentong ginger (Zingiber officinale) rhizome extract and commercialized ginger powder extract as reducing and capping agents. The synthesis was optimized regarding pH, silver nitrate concentration, and incubation time for better yield and stability. Additionally, biosynthesized silver nanoparticles were characterized using UV–vis spectrophotometer, X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform Infrared, and Transmission Electron Microscope analysis. Cytotoxicity test was done using brine shrimp lethality test to determine toxicity value. The result for both Bentong ginger rhizome extract and commercialized ginger powder extract indicated that the maximum absorption of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles was 450 nm, with the most optimum pH of 11, 1 mM of silver nitrate concentration, and incubation time of 24 h. The nanoparticles were almost spherical, with an average particle size of 15.08 ± 6 nm. The analysis confirms the presence of phytochemicals in the ginger extract that aids in reducing silver ions into silver nanoparticles. Brine shrimp lethality assay showed the LC50 for AgNPs was medium toxic at 838.31 µg/mL. Although silver nanoparticles possess antimicrobial ability, the potential toxicity to human health and environmental concerns must be considered before deploying into food industries. This is the first report utilizing Bentong ginger in silver nanoparticle synthesis.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352952024000252Bentong gingerCharacterizationGinger powderGreen synthesisOptimizationSilver nanoparticles |
| spellingShingle | Nor-Azmiraah Abd Jabar Mahmud Ab Rashid Nor-Khaizura Siti Izera Ismail Yuet Ying Loo Kah Hui Chong Kousalya Padmanabhan Shan Jiang Are Bentong ginger (Zingiber officinale) biosynthesized silver nanoparticles safe and effective? An optimization, characterization, and toxicity evaluation study OpenNano Bentong ginger Characterization Ginger powder Green synthesis Optimization Silver nanoparticles |
| title | Are Bentong ginger (Zingiber officinale) biosynthesized silver nanoparticles safe and effective? An optimization, characterization, and toxicity evaluation study |
| title_full | Are Bentong ginger (Zingiber officinale) biosynthesized silver nanoparticles safe and effective? An optimization, characterization, and toxicity evaluation study |
| title_fullStr | Are Bentong ginger (Zingiber officinale) biosynthesized silver nanoparticles safe and effective? An optimization, characterization, and toxicity evaluation study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Are Bentong ginger (Zingiber officinale) biosynthesized silver nanoparticles safe and effective? An optimization, characterization, and toxicity evaluation study |
| title_short | Are Bentong ginger (Zingiber officinale) biosynthesized silver nanoparticles safe and effective? An optimization, characterization, and toxicity evaluation study |
| title_sort | are bentong ginger zingiber officinale biosynthesized silver nanoparticles safe and effective an optimization characterization and toxicity evaluation study |
| topic | Bentong ginger Characterization Ginger powder Green synthesis Optimization Silver nanoparticles |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352952024000252 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT norazmiraahabdjabar arebentonggingerzingiberofficinalebiosynthesizedsilvernanoparticlessafeandeffectiveanoptimizationcharacterizationandtoxicityevaluationstudy AT mahmudabrashidnorkhaizura arebentonggingerzingiberofficinalebiosynthesizedsilvernanoparticlessafeandeffectiveanoptimizationcharacterizationandtoxicityevaluationstudy AT sitiizeraismail arebentonggingerzingiberofficinalebiosynthesizedsilvernanoparticlessafeandeffectiveanoptimizationcharacterizationandtoxicityevaluationstudy AT yuetyingloo arebentonggingerzingiberofficinalebiosynthesizedsilvernanoparticlessafeandeffectiveanoptimizationcharacterizationandtoxicityevaluationstudy AT kahhuichong arebentonggingerzingiberofficinalebiosynthesizedsilvernanoparticlessafeandeffectiveanoptimizationcharacterizationandtoxicityevaluationstudy AT kousalyapadmanabhan arebentonggingerzingiberofficinalebiosynthesizedsilvernanoparticlessafeandeffectiveanoptimizationcharacterizationandtoxicityevaluationstudy AT shanjiang arebentonggingerzingiberofficinalebiosynthesizedsilvernanoparticlessafeandeffectiveanoptimizationcharacterizationandtoxicityevaluationstudy |