The effect of different dietary canthaxanthin levels on water quality parameters, growth performance, biochemical indices, immunological responses, body composition, and metabolic profiles of oriental river prawn (Macrobrachium nipponense)

The current research aimed to evaluate the impacts of five levels of canthaxanthin (0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 mg/kg) on a total of 375 oriental river prawns, with a mean initial weight of 1.39 ± 0.07 g, over a period of 56 days. Upon completion of the culture period, the prawns were subjected to bioa...

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Main Authors: Mohammad Ettefaghdoost, Hamid Navirian, Hossein Haghighi
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-06-01
Series:Comparative Immunology Reports
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2950311625000242
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author Mohammad Ettefaghdoost
Hamid Navirian
Hossein Haghighi
author_facet Mohammad Ettefaghdoost
Hamid Navirian
Hossein Haghighi
author_sort Mohammad Ettefaghdoost
collection DOAJ
description The current research aimed to evaluate the impacts of five levels of canthaxanthin (0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 mg/kg) on a total of 375 oriental river prawns, with a mean initial weight of 1.39 ± 0.07 g, over a period of 56 days. Upon completion of the culture period, the prawns were subjected to bioassays. Hemolymph was collected, and samples were taken from the hepatopancreas, intestine, muscle, and shell tissues for the analysis of physiological, biochemical, and immunological indices. The findings indicated that dissolved oxygen levels were notably increased with varying concentrations of canthaxanthin (P < 0.05), while other water quality parameters did not show significant variations (P > 0.05). The group receiving 150 mg/kg of canthaxanthin supplementation exhibited the highest growth indices and the lowest feed conversion ratio (FCR) (P < 0.05). The most of hemato-biochemical parameters exhibited a significant reduction in the groups that included canthaxanthin (P < 0.05), whereas the levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) showed a notable increase when compared to the control treatment (P < 0.05). However, cholesterol, phosphorus, calcium, and uric acid levels remained unaffected by canthaxanthin supplementation (P > 0.05). The treatment group administered 150 mg/kg of canthaxanthin exhibited positive impacts on the majority of hemato-immune responses, in addition to enhancing the antioxidant status of the hepatopancreas. However, glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity did not show significant differences across the experimental treatments (P > 0.05). Administering 150 and 200 mg/kg of canthaxanthin significantly enhanced total carotenoid content (TCC), digestive enzyme activity, intestinal microbiota, and carcass composition (P < 0.05). Gene expression related to growth, immune response, and metabolic processes showed significant increases in the canthaxanthin-fed treatments (P < 0.05). Additionally, groups supplemented with canthaxanthin demonstrated improved amino acid and fatty acid compositions (P < 0.05). In conclusion, the findings of this study suggest that incorporating 150 mg/kg of canthaxanthin into the diet of oriental river prawns positively impacts growth indices, as well as biochemical, immunological, and metabolic responses in this species.
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spelling doaj-art-d0f0b04c4c974d1dba5b2c7f8cfe919e2025-08-20T02:31:12ZengElsevierComparative Immunology Reports2950-31162025-06-01820021810.1016/j.cirep.2025.200218The effect of different dietary canthaxanthin levels on water quality parameters, growth performance, biochemical indices, immunological responses, body composition, and metabolic profiles of oriental river prawn (Macrobrachium nipponense)Mohammad Ettefaghdoost0Hamid Navirian1Hossein Haghighi2Corresponding author.; Fisheries Department, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Guilan, Sowmeh Sara, Guilan, IranFisheries Department, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Guilan, Sowmeh Sara, Guilan, IranFisheries Department, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Guilan, Sowmeh Sara, Guilan, IranThe current research aimed to evaluate the impacts of five levels of canthaxanthin (0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 mg/kg) on a total of 375 oriental river prawns, with a mean initial weight of 1.39 ± 0.07 g, over a period of 56 days. Upon completion of the culture period, the prawns were subjected to bioassays. Hemolymph was collected, and samples were taken from the hepatopancreas, intestine, muscle, and shell tissues for the analysis of physiological, biochemical, and immunological indices. The findings indicated that dissolved oxygen levels were notably increased with varying concentrations of canthaxanthin (P < 0.05), while other water quality parameters did not show significant variations (P > 0.05). The group receiving 150 mg/kg of canthaxanthin supplementation exhibited the highest growth indices and the lowest feed conversion ratio (FCR) (P < 0.05). The most of hemato-biochemical parameters exhibited a significant reduction in the groups that included canthaxanthin (P < 0.05), whereas the levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) showed a notable increase when compared to the control treatment (P < 0.05). However, cholesterol, phosphorus, calcium, and uric acid levels remained unaffected by canthaxanthin supplementation (P > 0.05). The treatment group administered 150 mg/kg of canthaxanthin exhibited positive impacts on the majority of hemato-immune responses, in addition to enhancing the antioxidant status of the hepatopancreas. However, glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity did not show significant differences across the experimental treatments (P > 0.05). Administering 150 and 200 mg/kg of canthaxanthin significantly enhanced total carotenoid content (TCC), digestive enzyme activity, intestinal microbiota, and carcass composition (P < 0.05). Gene expression related to growth, immune response, and metabolic processes showed significant increases in the canthaxanthin-fed treatments (P < 0.05). Additionally, groups supplemented with canthaxanthin demonstrated improved amino acid and fatty acid compositions (P < 0.05). In conclusion, the findings of this study suggest that incorporating 150 mg/kg of canthaxanthin into the diet of oriental river prawns positively impacts growth indices, as well as biochemical, immunological, and metabolic responses in this species.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2950311625000242CanthaxanthinGrowthHemolymphGene expressionMacrobrachium nipponense
spellingShingle Mohammad Ettefaghdoost
Hamid Navirian
Hossein Haghighi
The effect of different dietary canthaxanthin levels on water quality parameters, growth performance, biochemical indices, immunological responses, body composition, and metabolic profiles of oriental river prawn (Macrobrachium nipponense)
Comparative Immunology Reports
Canthaxanthin
Growth
Hemolymph
Gene expression
Macrobrachium nipponense
title The effect of different dietary canthaxanthin levels on water quality parameters, growth performance, biochemical indices, immunological responses, body composition, and metabolic profiles of oriental river prawn (Macrobrachium nipponense)
title_full The effect of different dietary canthaxanthin levels on water quality parameters, growth performance, biochemical indices, immunological responses, body composition, and metabolic profiles of oriental river prawn (Macrobrachium nipponense)
title_fullStr The effect of different dietary canthaxanthin levels on water quality parameters, growth performance, biochemical indices, immunological responses, body composition, and metabolic profiles of oriental river prawn (Macrobrachium nipponense)
title_full_unstemmed The effect of different dietary canthaxanthin levels on water quality parameters, growth performance, biochemical indices, immunological responses, body composition, and metabolic profiles of oriental river prawn (Macrobrachium nipponense)
title_short The effect of different dietary canthaxanthin levels on water quality parameters, growth performance, biochemical indices, immunological responses, body composition, and metabolic profiles of oriental river prawn (Macrobrachium nipponense)
title_sort effect of different dietary canthaxanthin levels on water quality parameters growth performance biochemical indices immunological responses body composition and metabolic profiles of oriental river prawn macrobrachium nipponense
topic Canthaxanthin
Growth
Hemolymph
Gene expression
Macrobrachium nipponense
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2950311625000242
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