Non-immunoglobulin E-mediated food allergy
Abstract Non-immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated food allergies are characterized by delayed gastrointestinal (GI) manifestations that occur after exposure to an inciting food protein; they include food protein-induced allergic proctocolitis (FPIAP), food protein–induced enteropathy (FPE), and food prot...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13223-024-00933-4 |
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| author | Victoria E. Cook Lori A. Connors Timothy K. Vander Leek Wade Watson |
| author_facet | Victoria E. Cook Lori A. Connors Timothy K. Vander Leek Wade Watson |
| author_sort | Victoria E. Cook |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Non-immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated food allergies are characterized by delayed gastrointestinal (GI) manifestations that occur after exposure to an inciting food protein; they include food protein-induced allergic proctocolitis (FPIAP), food protein–induced enteropathy (FPE), and food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES). Although the exact mechanisms underlying these disorders are not well understood, non-IgE-mediated food allergies likely represent a spectrum of disease with shared pathophysiological processes. Typically, these non-IgE-mediated food allergies begin in infancy or early childhood, although FPIES can present across the lifespan, with increasing reports in adults in recent years. Diagnosing non-IgE-mediated food allergies can be challenging due to the lack of noninvasive confirmatory tests or biomarkers for most of these disorders and the non-specific nature of GI symptoms. Thus, the diagnosis is usually made clinically, and relies on a constellation of typical symptoms that improve upon removal of the culprit food. The primary approach to management of FPIAP, FPE and FPIES is avoidance of the triggering food, and a multidisciplinary management approach that includes allergy/immunology may be required to avoid unnecessary food restriction and guide food reintroduction. This review outlines the clinical manifestations, epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, management, and prognosis of these non-IgE-mediated food allergies. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-d0abb5c5089f45208e6f942ba4013387 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1710-1492 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology |
| spelling | doaj-art-d0abb5c5089f45208e6f942ba40133872024-12-22T12:32:01ZengBMCAllergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology1710-14922024-12-0120S311810.1186/s13223-024-00933-4Non-immunoglobulin E-mediated food allergyVictoria E. Cook0Lori A. Connors1Timothy K. Vander Leek2Wade Watson3Division of Allergy, Department of Pediatrics, University of British ColumbiaDepartment of Medicine, Dalhousie UniversityDivision of Allergy, Department of Pediatrics, University of British ColumbiaDivision of Allergy, Department of Pediatrics, Dalhousie University, IWK Health CentreAbstract Non-immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated food allergies are characterized by delayed gastrointestinal (GI) manifestations that occur after exposure to an inciting food protein; they include food protein-induced allergic proctocolitis (FPIAP), food protein–induced enteropathy (FPE), and food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES). Although the exact mechanisms underlying these disorders are not well understood, non-IgE-mediated food allergies likely represent a spectrum of disease with shared pathophysiological processes. Typically, these non-IgE-mediated food allergies begin in infancy or early childhood, although FPIES can present across the lifespan, with increasing reports in adults in recent years. Diagnosing non-IgE-mediated food allergies can be challenging due to the lack of noninvasive confirmatory tests or biomarkers for most of these disorders and the non-specific nature of GI symptoms. Thus, the diagnosis is usually made clinically, and relies on a constellation of typical symptoms that improve upon removal of the culprit food. The primary approach to management of FPIAP, FPE and FPIES is avoidance of the triggering food, and a multidisciplinary management approach that includes allergy/immunology may be required to avoid unnecessary food restriction and guide food reintroduction. This review outlines the clinical manifestations, epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, management, and prognosis of these non-IgE-mediated food allergies.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13223-024-00933-4 |
| spellingShingle | Victoria E. Cook Lori A. Connors Timothy K. Vander Leek Wade Watson Non-immunoglobulin E-mediated food allergy Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology |
| title | Non-immunoglobulin E-mediated food allergy |
| title_full | Non-immunoglobulin E-mediated food allergy |
| title_fullStr | Non-immunoglobulin E-mediated food allergy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Non-immunoglobulin E-mediated food allergy |
| title_short | Non-immunoglobulin E-mediated food allergy |
| title_sort | non immunoglobulin e mediated food allergy |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13223-024-00933-4 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT victoriaecook nonimmunoglobulinemediatedfoodallergy AT loriaconnors nonimmunoglobulinemediatedfoodallergy AT timothykvanderleek nonimmunoglobulinemediatedfoodallergy AT wadewatson nonimmunoglobulinemediatedfoodallergy |