A Clinical Case of a 10-Month-Old Child with Severe COVID-19 with Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome Ended Fatally

At the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, it was assumed that children were at low risk of infection and that their infection was milder than adults. With an increase in the number of pediatric cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection associated with manifestations of hyperinflammation, the condition of multi...

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Main Authors: Parusheva P., Pekova L., Angelova S.
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Sciendo 2024-12-01
Series:Acta Medica Bulgarica
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.2478/amb-2024-0081
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author Parusheva P.
Pekova L.
Angelova S.
author_facet Parusheva P.
Pekova L.
Angelova S.
author_sort Parusheva P.
collection DOAJ
description At the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, it was assumed that children were at low risk of infection and that their infection was milder than adults. With an increase in the number of pediatric cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection associated with manifestations of hyperinflammation, the condition of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) was defined. We present a clinical case of a 10-month-old male child hospitalized in the Clinic of Infectious Diseases at University Hospital in Stara Zagora, Bulgaria, with a COVID-19. The patient had a number of co-morbidities, including protein-calorie malnutrition, chronic respiratory failure and bronchopulmonary dysplasia. During the hospital stay, he had an active diarrhea syndrome, with evidence of pneumonia and respiratory failure. In the clinical course, a progressive worsening of the condition with signs of multiple organ failure, increase in inflammatory markers and deterioration of coagulation indicators were observed. Placement in the ICU and the inclusion of artificial pulmonary ventilation were required, but after an 18-day hospital stay, the patient died. In conclusion, this was an acute case of COVID-19 in an infant that started with respiratory and gastrointestinal manifestations that progressed to MIS-C with multiple organ failure leading to death. We believe that the reason for this is the compromised immune status in connection with the highly damaged premorbid terrain and young age.
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spelling doaj-art-cfcceb3f86d2447b9a2999a7600f270f2024-11-25T11:19:52ZengSciendoActa Medica Bulgarica2719-53842024-12-01514697210.2478/amb-2024-0081A Clinical Case of a 10-Month-Old Child with Severe COVID-19 with Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome Ended FatallyParusheva P.0Pekova L.1Angelova S.21Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology, Microbiology, Parasitology and Infectious Diseases, Medical faculty, Trakia University – Stara Zagora, Bulgaria1Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology, Microbiology, Parasitology and Infectious Diseases, Medical faculty, Trakia University – Stara Zagora, Bulgaria2Section of Microbiology, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology, Microbiology, Parasitology and Infectious Diseases, Medical Faculty, Trakia University – Stara Zagora, BulgariaAt the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, it was assumed that children were at low risk of infection and that their infection was milder than adults. With an increase in the number of pediatric cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection associated with manifestations of hyperinflammation, the condition of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) was defined. We present a clinical case of a 10-month-old male child hospitalized in the Clinic of Infectious Diseases at University Hospital in Stara Zagora, Bulgaria, with a COVID-19. The patient had a number of co-morbidities, including protein-calorie malnutrition, chronic respiratory failure and bronchopulmonary dysplasia. During the hospital stay, he had an active diarrhea syndrome, with evidence of pneumonia and respiratory failure. In the clinical course, a progressive worsening of the condition with signs of multiple organ failure, increase in inflammatory markers and deterioration of coagulation indicators were observed. Placement in the ICU and the inclusion of artificial pulmonary ventilation were required, but after an 18-day hospital stay, the patient died. In conclusion, this was an acute case of COVID-19 in an infant that started with respiratory and gastrointestinal manifestations that progressed to MIS-C with multiple organ failure leading to death. We believe that the reason for this is the compromised immune status in connection with the highly damaged premorbid terrain and young age.https://doi.org/10.2478/amb-2024-0081covid-19infantdiarrhea syndromemis-c
spellingShingle Parusheva P.
Pekova L.
Angelova S.
A Clinical Case of a 10-Month-Old Child with Severe COVID-19 with Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome Ended Fatally
Acta Medica Bulgarica
covid-19
infant
diarrhea syndrome
mis-c
title A Clinical Case of a 10-Month-Old Child with Severe COVID-19 with Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome Ended Fatally
title_full A Clinical Case of a 10-Month-Old Child with Severe COVID-19 with Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome Ended Fatally
title_fullStr A Clinical Case of a 10-Month-Old Child with Severe COVID-19 with Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome Ended Fatally
title_full_unstemmed A Clinical Case of a 10-Month-Old Child with Severe COVID-19 with Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome Ended Fatally
title_short A Clinical Case of a 10-Month-Old Child with Severe COVID-19 with Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome Ended Fatally
title_sort clinical case of a 10 month old child with severe covid 19 with multisystem inflammatory syndrome ended fatally
topic covid-19
infant
diarrhea syndrome
mis-c
url https://doi.org/10.2478/amb-2024-0081
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