Clinical decision support to improve management of diabetes and dysglycemia in the hospital: a path to optimizing practice and outcomes

Introduction Innovative approaches are needed to design robust clinical decision support (CDS) to optimize hospital glycemic management. We piloted an electronic medical record (EMR), evidence-based algorithmic CDS tool in an academic center to alert clinicians in real time about gaps in care relate...

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Main Authors: Guillermo Umpierrez, Vernon M Chinchilli, Erik B Lehman, Ariana Pichardo-Lowden, Matthew D Bolton, Christopher J DeFlitch, Paul M Haidet
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMJ Publishing Group 2021-03-01
Series:BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care
Online Access:https://drc.bmj.com/content/9/1/e001557.full
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author Guillermo Umpierrez
Vernon M Chinchilli
Erik B Lehman
Ariana Pichardo-Lowden
Matthew D Bolton
Christopher J DeFlitch
Paul M Haidet
author_facet Guillermo Umpierrez
Vernon M Chinchilli
Erik B Lehman
Ariana Pichardo-Lowden
Matthew D Bolton
Christopher J DeFlitch
Paul M Haidet
author_sort Guillermo Umpierrez
collection DOAJ
description Introduction Innovative approaches are needed to design robust clinical decision support (CDS) to optimize hospital glycemic management. We piloted an electronic medical record (EMR), evidence-based algorithmic CDS tool in an academic center to alert clinicians in real time about gaps in care related to inpatient glucose control and insulin utilization, and to provide management recommendations.Research design and methods The tool was designed to identify clinical situations in need for action: (1) severe or recurrent hyperglycemia in patients with diabetes: blood glucose (BG) ≥13.88 mmol/L (250 mg/dL) at least once or BG ≥10.0 mmol/L (180 mg/dL) at least twice, respectively; (2) recurrent hyperglycemia in patients with stress hyperglycemia: BG ≥10.0 mmol/L (180 mg/dL) at least twice; (3) impending or established hypoglycemia: BG 3.9–4.4 mmol/L (70–80 mg/dL) or ≤3.9 mmol/L (70 mg/dL); and (4) inappropriate sliding scale insulin (SSI) monotherapy in recurrent hyperglycemia, or anytime in patients with type 1 diabetes. The EMR CDS was active (ON) for 6 months for all adult hospital patients and inactive (OFF) for 6 months. We prospectively identified and compared gaps in care between ON and OFF periods.Results When active, the hospital CDS tool significantly reduced events of recurrent hyperglycemia in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes (3342 vs 3701, OR=0.88, p=0.050) and in patients with stress hyperglycemia (288 vs 506, OR=0.60, p<0.001). Hypoglycemia or impending hypoglycemia (1548 vs 1349, OR=1.15, p=0.050) were unrelated to the CDS tool on subsequent analysis. Inappropriate use of SSI monotherapy in type 1 diabetes (10 vs 22, OR=0.36, p=0.073), inappropriate use of SSI monotherapy in type 2 diabetes (2519 vs 2748, OR=0.97, p=0.632), and in stress hyperglycemia subjects (1617 vs 1488, OR=1.30, p<0.001) were recognized.Conclusion EMR CDS was successful in reducing hyperglycemic events among hospitalized patients with dysglycemia and diabetes, and inappropriate insulin use in patients with type 1 diabetes.
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spelling doaj-art-cf8a96ae860b436c87fafc285a2d3cfd2024-12-12T13:00:09ZengBMJ Publishing GroupBMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care2052-48972021-03-019110.1136/bmjdrc-2020-001557Clinical decision support to improve management of diabetes and dysglycemia in the hospital: a path to optimizing practice and outcomesGuillermo Umpierrez0Vernon M Chinchilli1Erik B Lehman2Ariana Pichardo-Lowden3Matthew D Bolton4Christopher J DeFlitch5Paul M Haidet6Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA1 Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United StatesDepartment of Public Health Sciences, Penn State Health Milton S Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USADepartment of Medicine, Penn State Health Milton S Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USADepartment of Information Services, Penn State Health Milton S Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USADepartment of Emergency Medicine, Penn State Health Milton S Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USADepartment of Medicine, Public Health Sciences, and Humanities, Penn State Health Milton S Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USAIntroduction Innovative approaches are needed to design robust clinical decision support (CDS) to optimize hospital glycemic management. We piloted an electronic medical record (EMR), evidence-based algorithmic CDS tool in an academic center to alert clinicians in real time about gaps in care related to inpatient glucose control and insulin utilization, and to provide management recommendations.Research design and methods The tool was designed to identify clinical situations in need for action: (1) severe or recurrent hyperglycemia in patients with diabetes: blood glucose (BG) ≥13.88 mmol/L (250 mg/dL) at least once or BG ≥10.0 mmol/L (180 mg/dL) at least twice, respectively; (2) recurrent hyperglycemia in patients with stress hyperglycemia: BG ≥10.0 mmol/L (180 mg/dL) at least twice; (3) impending or established hypoglycemia: BG 3.9–4.4 mmol/L (70–80 mg/dL) or ≤3.9 mmol/L (70 mg/dL); and (4) inappropriate sliding scale insulin (SSI) monotherapy in recurrent hyperglycemia, or anytime in patients with type 1 diabetes. The EMR CDS was active (ON) for 6 months for all adult hospital patients and inactive (OFF) for 6 months. We prospectively identified and compared gaps in care between ON and OFF periods.Results When active, the hospital CDS tool significantly reduced events of recurrent hyperglycemia in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes (3342 vs 3701, OR=0.88, p=0.050) and in patients with stress hyperglycemia (288 vs 506, OR=0.60, p<0.001). Hypoglycemia or impending hypoglycemia (1548 vs 1349, OR=1.15, p=0.050) were unrelated to the CDS tool on subsequent analysis. Inappropriate use of SSI monotherapy in type 1 diabetes (10 vs 22, OR=0.36, p=0.073), inappropriate use of SSI monotherapy in type 2 diabetes (2519 vs 2748, OR=0.97, p=0.632), and in stress hyperglycemia subjects (1617 vs 1488, OR=1.30, p<0.001) were recognized.Conclusion EMR CDS was successful in reducing hyperglycemic events among hospitalized patients with dysglycemia and diabetes, and inappropriate insulin use in patients with type 1 diabetes.https://drc.bmj.com/content/9/1/e001557.full
spellingShingle Guillermo Umpierrez
Vernon M Chinchilli
Erik B Lehman
Ariana Pichardo-Lowden
Matthew D Bolton
Christopher J DeFlitch
Paul M Haidet
Clinical decision support to improve management of diabetes and dysglycemia in the hospital: a path to optimizing practice and outcomes
BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care
title Clinical decision support to improve management of diabetes and dysglycemia in the hospital: a path to optimizing practice and outcomes
title_full Clinical decision support to improve management of diabetes and dysglycemia in the hospital: a path to optimizing practice and outcomes
title_fullStr Clinical decision support to improve management of diabetes and dysglycemia in the hospital: a path to optimizing practice and outcomes
title_full_unstemmed Clinical decision support to improve management of diabetes and dysglycemia in the hospital: a path to optimizing practice and outcomes
title_short Clinical decision support to improve management of diabetes and dysglycemia in the hospital: a path to optimizing practice and outcomes
title_sort clinical decision support to improve management of diabetes and dysglycemia in the hospital a path to optimizing practice and outcomes
url https://drc.bmj.com/content/9/1/e001557.full
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