Effects of metformin, acarbose, and sitagliptin monotherapy on gut microbiota in Zucker diabetic fatty rats
Objective Recent studies have demonstrated that gut microbiota was closely related to metabolic disorders such as type 2 diabetes. Oral antidiabetic medications including metformin, acarbose and sitagliptin lowered blood glucose levels via acting on the gastrointestinal tract. The aim of the study w...
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BMJ Publishing Group
2019-05-01
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| Series: | BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care |
| Online Access: | https://drc.bmj.com/content/7/1/e000717.full |
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| author | Wei Liu Jing Ma Rilu Feng Mei Yang Minchun Zhang Cheng Qian |
| author_facet | Wei Liu Jing Ma Rilu Feng Mei Yang Minchun Zhang Cheng Qian |
| author_sort | Wei Liu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Objective Recent studies have demonstrated that gut microbiota was closely related to metabolic disorders such as type 2 diabetes. Oral antidiabetic medications including metformin, acarbose and sitagliptin lowered blood glucose levels via acting on the gastrointestinal tract. The aim of the study was to observe the comparisons among those medications on gut microbiota composition.Research design and methods Zucker diabetic fatty rats (n=32) were randomly divided into four groups, and had respectively gastric administration of normal saline (control), metformin (215.15 mg/kg/day), acarbose (32.27 mg/kg/day), or sitagliptin (10.76 mg/kg/day) for 4 weeks. Blood glucose levels were measured during an intragastric starch tolerance test after the treatments. 16S rRNA gene sequencing was used to access the microbiota in the fecal samples.Results Metformin, acarbose, and sitagliptin monotherapy effectively decreased fasting and postprandial blood glucose levels (p<0.001). Acarbose group displayed specific cluster and enterotype mainly composed by Ruminococcus 2 while Lactobacillus was the dominant bacterium in the enterotype of the other three groups. The relative abundance of genera Ruminococcus 2 and Bifidobacterium was dramatically higher in acarbose group. Metformin and sitagliptin increased the relative abundance of genus Lactobacillus. Metagenomic prediction showed that the functional profiles of carbohydrate metabolism were enriched in acarbose group.Conclusions Metformin, acarbose and sitagliptin exerted different effects on the composition of gut microbiota and selectively increased the beneficial bacteria. Supplementation with specific probiotics may further improve the hypoglycemic effects of the antidiabetic drugs. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-cf60ffcd510544738dcb0b3ee8863bad |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2052-4897 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2019-05-01 |
| publisher | BMJ Publishing Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care |
| spelling | doaj-art-cf60ffcd510544738dcb0b3ee8863bad2024-12-15T16:20:09ZengBMJ Publishing GroupBMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care2052-48972019-05-017110.1136/bmjdrc-2019-000717Effects of metformin, acarbose, and sitagliptin monotherapy on gut microbiota in Zucker diabetic fatty ratsWei Liu0Jing Ma1Rilu Feng2Mei Yang3Minchun Zhang4Cheng Qian5Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, ChinaDepartment of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA1 Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, GermanyDepartment of Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, ChinaDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, ChinaDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, ChinaObjective Recent studies have demonstrated that gut microbiota was closely related to metabolic disorders such as type 2 diabetes. Oral antidiabetic medications including metformin, acarbose and sitagliptin lowered blood glucose levels via acting on the gastrointestinal tract. The aim of the study was to observe the comparisons among those medications on gut microbiota composition.Research design and methods Zucker diabetic fatty rats (n=32) were randomly divided into four groups, and had respectively gastric administration of normal saline (control), metformin (215.15 mg/kg/day), acarbose (32.27 mg/kg/day), or sitagliptin (10.76 mg/kg/day) for 4 weeks. Blood glucose levels were measured during an intragastric starch tolerance test after the treatments. 16S rRNA gene sequencing was used to access the microbiota in the fecal samples.Results Metformin, acarbose, and sitagliptin monotherapy effectively decreased fasting and postprandial blood glucose levels (p<0.001). Acarbose group displayed specific cluster and enterotype mainly composed by Ruminococcus 2 while Lactobacillus was the dominant bacterium in the enterotype of the other three groups. The relative abundance of genera Ruminococcus 2 and Bifidobacterium was dramatically higher in acarbose group. Metformin and sitagliptin increased the relative abundance of genus Lactobacillus. Metagenomic prediction showed that the functional profiles of carbohydrate metabolism were enriched in acarbose group.Conclusions Metformin, acarbose and sitagliptin exerted different effects on the composition of gut microbiota and selectively increased the beneficial bacteria. Supplementation with specific probiotics may further improve the hypoglycemic effects of the antidiabetic drugs.https://drc.bmj.com/content/7/1/e000717.full |
| spellingShingle | Wei Liu Jing Ma Rilu Feng Mei Yang Minchun Zhang Cheng Qian Effects of metformin, acarbose, and sitagliptin monotherapy on gut microbiota in Zucker diabetic fatty rats BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care |
| title | Effects of metformin, acarbose, and sitagliptin monotherapy on gut microbiota in Zucker diabetic fatty rats |
| title_full | Effects of metformin, acarbose, and sitagliptin monotherapy on gut microbiota in Zucker diabetic fatty rats |
| title_fullStr | Effects of metformin, acarbose, and sitagliptin monotherapy on gut microbiota in Zucker diabetic fatty rats |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of metformin, acarbose, and sitagliptin monotherapy on gut microbiota in Zucker diabetic fatty rats |
| title_short | Effects of metformin, acarbose, and sitagliptin monotherapy on gut microbiota in Zucker diabetic fatty rats |
| title_sort | effects of metformin acarbose and sitagliptin monotherapy on gut microbiota in zucker diabetic fatty rats |
| url | https://drc.bmj.com/content/7/1/e000717.full |
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