Optimization of Shift Strategy Based on Vehicle Mass and Road Gradient Estimation

For electrically driven commercial vehicles equipped with three-speed automatic mechanical transmission (AMT), the transmission control unit (TCU) without vehicle mass and road gradient estimation function will lead to frequent shifting and insufficient power during vehicle full-load or grade climbi...

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Main Authors: Huijun Yue, Haobo Jing, Zhenkun Dai, Jinyu Lin, Zihan Ma, Changtong Zhao, Pan Zhang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-11-01
Series:World Electric Vehicle Journal
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2032-6653/15/12/545
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author Huijun Yue
Haobo Jing
Zhenkun Dai
Jinyu Lin
Zihan Ma
Changtong Zhao
Pan Zhang
author_facet Huijun Yue
Haobo Jing
Zhenkun Dai
Jinyu Lin
Zihan Ma
Changtong Zhao
Pan Zhang
author_sort Huijun Yue
collection DOAJ
description For electrically driven commercial vehicles equipped with three-speed automatic mechanical transmission (AMT), the transmission control unit (TCU) without vehicle mass and road gradient estimation function will lead to frequent shifting and insufficient power during vehicle full-load or grade climbing. Therefore, it is necessary to estimate the mass and road gradient for the electrically driven commercial vehicles equipped with the three-speed AMT, and to adjust the shift rule according to the estimation results. Given the above problems, this paper focuses on the control and development of the electrically driven three-speed AMT and takes the shift controller with the vehicle mass and road gradient estimation as the research goal. The mathematical model and simulation model of vehicle dynamics are established to verify the shift function of TCU. The least squares method and calibration techniques are applied to estimate the vehicle mass and road gradient. According to the estimation results, the existing shift strategy is optimized, and the software-in-the-loop simulation of the transmission controller is carried out to verify the function of the control algorithm software. The hardware-in-the-loop test model is established to verify the shift strategy’s optimization effect, which shortens the controller’s forward development cycle. According to the estimation results of mass and gradient, the error result of the proposed method is controlled within 4.5% for mass and 8.6% for gradient. The experiment verifies that the optimized shift strategy can effectively improve the dynamic performance of the vehicle. The HIL experimental results show that the vehicle can maintain low gear while climbing the hill, and the vehicle speed does not decrease significantly.
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spelling doaj-art-cee25f05d9254dceb1a5af152fbc1aa42024-12-27T14:59:31ZengMDPI AGWorld Electric Vehicle Journal2032-66532024-11-01151254510.3390/wevj15120545Optimization of Shift Strategy Based on Vehicle Mass and Road Gradient EstimationHuijun Yue0Haobo Jing1Zhenkun Dai2Jinyu Lin3Zihan Ma4Changtong Zhao5Pan Zhang6Beijing Engineering Research Center of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, ChinaBeijing Engineering Research Center of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, ChinaG-eDrive (Beijing) Auto Tech. Co., Ltd., Beijing 100176, ChinaBeijing Engineering Research Center of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, ChinaSchool of Automobile, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710064, ChinaG-eDrive (Beijing) Auto Tech. Co., Ltd., Beijing 100176, ChinaBeijing Engineering Research Center of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, ChinaFor electrically driven commercial vehicles equipped with three-speed automatic mechanical transmission (AMT), the transmission control unit (TCU) without vehicle mass and road gradient estimation function will lead to frequent shifting and insufficient power during vehicle full-load or grade climbing. Therefore, it is necessary to estimate the mass and road gradient for the electrically driven commercial vehicles equipped with the three-speed AMT, and to adjust the shift rule according to the estimation results. Given the above problems, this paper focuses on the control and development of the electrically driven three-speed AMT and takes the shift controller with the vehicle mass and road gradient estimation as the research goal. The mathematical model and simulation model of vehicle dynamics are established to verify the shift function of TCU. The least squares method and calibration techniques are applied to estimate the vehicle mass and road gradient. According to the estimation results, the existing shift strategy is optimized, and the software-in-the-loop simulation of the transmission controller is carried out to verify the function of the control algorithm software. The hardware-in-the-loop test model is established to verify the shift strategy’s optimization effect, which shortens the controller’s forward development cycle. According to the estimation results of mass and gradient, the error result of the proposed method is controlled within 4.5% for mass and 8.6% for gradient. The experiment verifies that the optimized shift strategy can effectively improve the dynamic performance of the vehicle. The HIL experimental results show that the vehicle can maintain low gear while climbing the hill, and the vehicle speed does not decrease significantly.https://www.mdpi.com/2032-6653/15/12/545electrically driven commercial vehiclethree-speed AMTmass and road gradient estimationshift strategy optimizationhardware-in-the-loop (HIL)
spellingShingle Huijun Yue
Haobo Jing
Zhenkun Dai
Jinyu Lin
Zihan Ma
Changtong Zhao
Pan Zhang
Optimization of Shift Strategy Based on Vehicle Mass and Road Gradient Estimation
World Electric Vehicle Journal
electrically driven commercial vehicle
three-speed AMT
mass and road gradient estimation
shift strategy optimization
hardware-in-the-loop (HIL)
title Optimization of Shift Strategy Based on Vehicle Mass and Road Gradient Estimation
title_full Optimization of Shift Strategy Based on Vehicle Mass and Road Gradient Estimation
title_fullStr Optimization of Shift Strategy Based on Vehicle Mass and Road Gradient Estimation
title_full_unstemmed Optimization of Shift Strategy Based on Vehicle Mass and Road Gradient Estimation
title_short Optimization of Shift Strategy Based on Vehicle Mass and Road Gradient Estimation
title_sort optimization of shift strategy based on vehicle mass and road gradient estimation
topic electrically driven commercial vehicle
three-speed AMT
mass and road gradient estimation
shift strategy optimization
hardware-in-the-loop (HIL)
url https://www.mdpi.com/2032-6653/15/12/545
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AT haobojing optimizationofshiftstrategybasedonvehiclemassandroadgradientestimation
AT zhenkundai optimizationofshiftstrategybasedonvehiclemassandroadgradientestimation
AT jinyulin optimizationofshiftstrategybasedonvehiclemassandroadgradientestimation
AT zihanma optimizationofshiftstrategybasedonvehiclemassandroadgradientestimation
AT changtongzhao optimizationofshiftstrategybasedonvehiclemassandroadgradientestimation
AT panzhang optimizationofshiftstrategybasedonvehiclemassandroadgradientestimation