Evaluation of Tissue Tropism and Horizontal Transmission of a Duck Enteritis Virus Vectored Vaccine in One-Day-Old Chicken
Herpesvirus of turkey (HVT) recombinant vector vaccines are widely used in the poultry industry. However, due to limitations in loading multiple foreign antigens into a single HVT vector, other viral vectors are urgently needed. Since chickens lack maternal immunity to duck enteritis virus (DEV), ve...
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| author | Yassin Abdulrahim Yingying You Linggou Wang Zhixiang Bi Lihua Xie Saisai Chen Benedikt B. Kaufer Armando Mario Damiani Kehe Huang Jichun Wang |
| author_facet | Yassin Abdulrahim Yingying You Linggou Wang Zhixiang Bi Lihua Xie Saisai Chen Benedikt B. Kaufer Armando Mario Damiani Kehe Huang Jichun Wang |
| author_sort | Yassin Abdulrahim |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Herpesvirus of turkey (HVT) recombinant vector vaccines are widely used in the poultry industry. However, due to limitations in loading multiple foreign antigens into a single HVT vector, other viral vectors are urgently needed. Since chickens lack maternal immunity to duck enteritis virus (DEV), vector vaccines using DEV as a backbone are currently under study. Even though a recently developed DEV vector vaccine expressing the influenza hemagglutinin H5 of highly pathogenic avian influenza (DEV-H5) induces highly detectable anti-HA antibodies, safety issues hamper further vaccine development. In this work, tissue affinity and horizontal transmission in 1-day-old chickens were systematically evaluated after DEV-H5 vector vaccine inoculation. Sixty percent of DEV-H5-inoculated chickens died between day 2 and day 7 post-inoculation. The displayed clinical signs consisted of lethargy, anorexia, and diarrhea, and virus was shed in feces. Gross and/or histological lesions were recorded in the kidney, heart, intestine, liver, lung, and spleen. Moreover, DEV-H5 replication in intestinal cells caused an increment in interferon-α expression, while occluding junction proteins and ZO-1 expression were significantly upregulated. As a control, birds inoculated with a commercial recombinant turkey herpesvirus expressing the VP2 protein of the infectious bursal disease virus (HVT-VP2) vector vaccine showed neither clinical signs nor mortality. Overall, while the HVT-VP2 vaccine demonstrated complete safety in 1-day-old chickens, our potential DEV-H5 vaccine requires further attenuation for consideration as a vector vaccine candidate in chickens. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-ccdfb350fd81461f9a82653939c1b292 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1999-4915 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Viruses |
| spelling | doaj-art-ccdfb350fd81461f9a82653939c1b2922025-01-15T01:07:54ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152024-10-011611168110.3390/v16111681Evaluation of Tissue Tropism and Horizontal Transmission of a Duck Enteritis Virus Vectored Vaccine in One-Day-Old ChickenYassin Abdulrahim0Yingying You1Linggou Wang2Zhixiang Bi3Lihua Xie4Saisai Chen5Benedikt B. Kaufer6Armando Mario Damiani7Kehe Huang8Jichun Wang9College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, ChinaInstitute of Veterinary Immunology and Engineering, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, ChinaInstitute of Veterinary Immunology and Engineering, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, ChinaInstitute of Veterinary Immunology and Engineering, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, ChinaInstitute of Veterinary Immunology and Engineering, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, ChinaInstitute of Virology, Freie Universität Berlin, Robert von Ostertag-Straße 7-13, 14163 Berlin, GermanyInstitute of Veterinary Immunology and Engineering, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, ChinaInstitute of Veterinary Immunology and Engineering, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, ChinaHerpesvirus of turkey (HVT) recombinant vector vaccines are widely used in the poultry industry. However, due to limitations in loading multiple foreign antigens into a single HVT vector, other viral vectors are urgently needed. Since chickens lack maternal immunity to duck enteritis virus (DEV), vector vaccines using DEV as a backbone are currently under study. Even though a recently developed DEV vector vaccine expressing the influenza hemagglutinin H5 of highly pathogenic avian influenza (DEV-H5) induces highly detectable anti-HA antibodies, safety issues hamper further vaccine development. In this work, tissue affinity and horizontal transmission in 1-day-old chickens were systematically evaluated after DEV-H5 vector vaccine inoculation. Sixty percent of DEV-H5-inoculated chickens died between day 2 and day 7 post-inoculation. The displayed clinical signs consisted of lethargy, anorexia, and diarrhea, and virus was shed in feces. Gross and/or histological lesions were recorded in the kidney, heart, intestine, liver, lung, and spleen. Moreover, DEV-H5 replication in intestinal cells caused an increment in interferon-α expression, while occluding junction proteins and ZO-1 expression were significantly upregulated. As a control, birds inoculated with a commercial recombinant turkey herpesvirus expressing the VP2 protein of the infectious bursal disease virus (HVT-VP2) vector vaccine showed neither clinical signs nor mortality. Overall, while the HVT-VP2 vaccine demonstrated complete safety in 1-day-old chickens, our potential DEV-H5 vaccine requires further attenuation for consideration as a vector vaccine candidate in chickens.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/16/11/1681vector vaccinesDEV-H5HVT-VP2one-day-old chickens |
| spellingShingle | Yassin Abdulrahim Yingying You Linggou Wang Zhixiang Bi Lihua Xie Saisai Chen Benedikt B. Kaufer Armando Mario Damiani Kehe Huang Jichun Wang Evaluation of Tissue Tropism and Horizontal Transmission of a Duck Enteritis Virus Vectored Vaccine in One-Day-Old Chicken Viruses vector vaccines DEV-H5 HVT-VP2 one-day-old chickens |
| title | Evaluation of Tissue Tropism and Horizontal Transmission of a Duck Enteritis Virus Vectored Vaccine in One-Day-Old Chicken |
| title_full | Evaluation of Tissue Tropism and Horizontal Transmission of a Duck Enteritis Virus Vectored Vaccine in One-Day-Old Chicken |
| title_fullStr | Evaluation of Tissue Tropism and Horizontal Transmission of a Duck Enteritis Virus Vectored Vaccine in One-Day-Old Chicken |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluation of Tissue Tropism and Horizontal Transmission of a Duck Enteritis Virus Vectored Vaccine in One-Day-Old Chicken |
| title_short | Evaluation of Tissue Tropism and Horizontal Transmission of a Duck Enteritis Virus Vectored Vaccine in One-Day-Old Chicken |
| title_sort | evaluation of tissue tropism and horizontal transmission of a duck enteritis virus vectored vaccine in one day old chicken |
| topic | vector vaccines DEV-H5 HVT-VP2 one-day-old chickens |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/16/11/1681 |
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