Extramacular paracentral acute middle maculopathy-like retinal ischemia after vitrectomy for epiretinal membrane

Purpose: To describe two cases of extramacular paracentral acute middle maculopathy (PAMM)-like retinal ischemia after vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling for epiretinal membrane (ERM). Observations: Case 1 involved a 78-year-old woman with a history of hyperlipidemia and preope...

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Main Authors: Chihiro Koiwa, Pingyu Chi, Shutaro Yamamoto, Shintaro Nakao
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2024-12-01
Series:American Journal of Ophthalmology Case Reports
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2451993624002317
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author Chihiro Koiwa
Pingyu Chi
Shutaro Yamamoto
Shintaro Nakao
author_facet Chihiro Koiwa
Pingyu Chi
Shutaro Yamamoto
Shintaro Nakao
author_sort Chihiro Koiwa
collection DOAJ
description Purpose: To describe two cases of extramacular paracentral acute middle maculopathy (PAMM)-like retinal ischemia after vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling for epiretinal membrane (ERM). Observations: Case 1 involved a 78-year-old woman with a history of hyperlipidemia and preoperative visual acuity (VA) of 20/20. Case 2 involved a 72-year-old man with a history of hypertension and hyperlipidemia, and preoperative VA of 20/32. In both cases, cataract surgery and vitrectomy with ILM peeling were performed for the unilateral ERM and cataract. On postoperative day 1, retinal whitening was observed at separate extramacular areas from ILM peeling in the macular region in both cases. Optical coherence tomography revealed a high-intensity reflection in the inner nuclear layer, and optical coherence tomography angiography showed a perfusion defect in the deep capillary plexus (DCP), which corresponded to the area of retinal whitening. Fluorescein angiography revealed no significant abnormalities, leading to a diagnosis of PAMM-like retinal ischemia. In Case 1, retinal whitening disappeared at postoperative week 2, and the corrected VA improved to 20/20 at postoperative month (POM) 6. In Case 2, retinal whitening resolved at POM 1 and POM 4.5, and VA improved to 20/16. However, both cases showed residual perfusion defects in some deep retinal vessels, accompanied by scotomas corresponding to these areas. Conclusions and importance: We observed two cases of extramacular PAMM-like retinal ischemia that developed after vitrectomy with ILM peeling. Although both cases showed improved VA, blood flow disturbances at the DCP level and associated visual field defects persisted.
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spelling doaj-art-ccd3337cf12b4da3b14f5d81942d6e122024-12-18T08:50:51ZengElsevierAmerican Journal of Ophthalmology Case Reports2451-99362024-12-0136102221Extramacular paracentral acute middle maculopathy-like retinal ischemia after vitrectomy for epiretinal membraneChihiro Koiwa0Pingyu Chi1Shutaro Yamamoto2Shintaro Nakao3Corresponding author. Department of Ophthalmology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8431, Japan.; Department of Ophthalmology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, JapanDepartment of Ophthalmology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, JapanDepartment of Ophthalmology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, JapanDepartment of Ophthalmology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, JapanPurpose: To describe two cases of extramacular paracentral acute middle maculopathy (PAMM)-like retinal ischemia after vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling for epiretinal membrane (ERM). Observations: Case 1 involved a 78-year-old woman with a history of hyperlipidemia and preoperative visual acuity (VA) of 20/20. Case 2 involved a 72-year-old man with a history of hypertension and hyperlipidemia, and preoperative VA of 20/32. In both cases, cataract surgery and vitrectomy with ILM peeling were performed for the unilateral ERM and cataract. On postoperative day 1, retinal whitening was observed at separate extramacular areas from ILM peeling in the macular region in both cases. Optical coherence tomography revealed a high-intensity reflection in the inner nuclear layer, and optical coherence tomography angiography showed a perfusion defect in the deep capillary plexus (DCP), which corresponded to the area of retinal whitening. Fluorescein angiography revealed no significant abnormalities, leading to a diagnosis of PAMM-like retinal ischemia. In Case 1, retinal whitening disappeared at postoperative week 2, and the corrected VA improved to 20/20 at postoperative month (POM) 6. In Case 2, retinal whitening resolved at POM 1 and POM 4.5, and VA improved to 20/16. However, both cases showed residual perfusion defects in some deep retinal vessels, accompanied by scotomas corresponding to these areas. Conclusions and importance: We observed two cases of extramacular PAMM-like retinal ischemia that developed after vitrectomy with ILM peeling. Although both cases showed improved VA, blood flow disturbances at the DCP level and associated visual field defects persisted.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2451993624002317ArteriosclerosisLocal anesthesiaParacentral scotoma
spellingShingle Chihiro Koiwa
Pingyu Chi
Shutaro Yamamoto
Shintaro Nakao
Extramacular paracentral acute middle maculopathy-like retinal ischemia after vitrectomy for epiretinal membrane
American Journal of Ophthalmology Case Reports
Arteriosclerosis
Local anesthesia
Paracentral scotoma
title Extramacular paracentral acute middle maculopathy-like retinal ischemia after vitrectomy for epiretinal membrane
title_full Extramacular paracentral acute middle maculopathy-like retinal ischemia after vitrectomy for epiretinal membrane
title_fullStr Extramacular paracentral acute middle maculopathy-like retinal ischemia after vitrectomy for epiretinal membrane
title_full_unstemmed Extramacular paracentral acute middle maculopathy-like retinal ischemia after vitrectomy for epiretinal membrane
title_short Extramacular paracentral acute middle maculopathy-like retinal ischemia after vitrectomy for epiretinal membrane
title_sort extramacular paracentral acute middle maculopathy like retinal ischemia after vitrectomy for epiretinal membrane
topic Arteriosclerosis
Local anesthesia
Paracentral scotoma
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2451993624002317
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AT shutaroyamamoto extramacularparacentralacutemiddlemaculopathylikeretinalischemiaaftervitrectomyforepiretinalmembrane
AT shintaronakao extramacularparacentralacutemiddlemaculopathylikeretinalischemiaaftervitrectomyforepiretinalmembrane