A narrative review of the use of PROMs and machine learning to impact value-based clinical decision-making

Abstract Purpose This review summarises the studies which combined Patient Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs) and Machine Learning statistical computational techniques, to predict patient post-intervention outcomes. The aim of the project was to inform those working in value-based healthcare how Mach...

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Main Authors: Michal Pruski, Simone Willis, Kathleen Withers
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-07-01
Series:BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12911-025-03083-8
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author Michal Pruski
Simone Willis
Kathleen Withers
author_facet Michal Pruski
Simone Willis
Kathleen Withers
author_sort Michal Pruski
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Purpose This review summarises the studies which combined Patient Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs) and Machine Learning statistical computational techniques, to predict patient post-intervention outcomes. The aim of the project was to inform those working in value-based healthcare how Machine Learning can be used with PROMs to inform clinical practice. Methods A systematic search strategy was developed and run in six databases. The records were reviewed by a reviewer if they matched the review scope, and these decisions were scrutinised by a second reviewer. Results 82 records pertaining to 73 studies were identified. The review highlights the breadth of PROMs tools investigated, and the wide variety of Machine Learning techniques utilised across the studies. The findings suggest that there has been some success in predicting post-intervention patient outcomes. Nevertheless, there is no clear best performing Machine Learning approach to analyse this data, and while baseline PROMs scores are often a key predictor of post-intervention scores, this cannot always be assumed to be the case. Moreover, even when studies looked at similar conditions and patient groups, often different Machine Learning techniques performed best in each study. Conclusion This review highlights that there is a potential for PROMs and Machine Learning methodology to predict patient post-intervention outcomes, but that best performing models from other previous studies cannot simply be adopted in new clinical contexts.
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spelling doaj-art-cac4a113daf44cd6b4b1ffb4c8e9940e2025-08-20T03:45:32ZengBMCBMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making1472-69472025-07-0125112010.1186/s12911-025-03083-8A narrative review of the use of PROMs and machine learning to impact value-based clinical decision-makingMichal Pruski0Simone Willis1Kathleen Withers2School of Health Sciences, The University of ManchesterSpecialist Unit for Review Evidence, Cardiff UniversityCEDAR, Cardiff and Vale UHBAbstract Purpose This review summarises the studies which combined Patient Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs) and Machine Learning statistical computational techniques, to predict patient post-intervention outcomes. The aim of the project was to inform those working in value-based healthcare how Machine Learning can be used with PROMs to inform clinical practice. Methods A systematic search strategy was developed and run in six databases. The records were reviewed by a reviewer if they matched the review scope, and these decisions were scrutinised by a second reviewer. Results 82 records pertaining to 73 studies were identified. The review highlights the breadth of PROMs tools investigated, and the wide variety of Machine Learning techniques utilised across the studies. The findings suggest that there has been some success in predicting post-intervention patient outcomes. Nevertheless, there is no clear best performing Machine Learning approach to analyse this data, and while baseline PROMs scores are often a key predictor of post-intervention scores, this cannot always be assumed to be the case. Moreover, even when studies looked at similar conditions and patient groups, often different Machine Learning techniques performed best in each study. Conclusion This review highlights that there is a potential for PROMs and Machine Learning methodology to predict patient post-intervention outcomes, but that best performing models from other previous studies cannot simply be adopted in new clinical contexts.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12911-025-03083-8Prudent healthcareDecision-makingValue in healthAlgorithmsPredictionPatient reported outcomes
spellingShingle Michal Pruski
Simone Willis
Kathleen Withers
A narrative review of the use of PROMs and machine learning to impact value-based clinical decision-making
BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making
Prudent healthcare
Decision-making
Value in health
Algorithms
Prediction
Patient reported outcomes
title A narrative review of the use of PROMs and machine learning to impact value-based clinical decision-making
title_full A narrative review of the use of PROMs and machine learning to impact value-based clinical decision-making
title_fullStr A narrative review of the use of PROMs and machine learning to impact value-based clinical decision-making
title_full_unstemmed A narrative review of the use of PROMs and machine learning to impact value-based clinical decision-making
title_short A narrative review of the use of PROMs and machine learning to impact value-based clinical decision-making
title_sort narrative review of the use of proms and machine learning to impact value based clinical decision making
topic Prudent healthcare
Decision-making
Value in health
Algorithms
Prediction
Patient reported outcomes
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12911-025-03083-8
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