Turning adversity into opportunity: Small extracellular vesicles as nanocarriers for tumor‐associated macrophages re‐education
Abstract Currently, small extracellular vesicles (sEV) as a nanoscale drug delivery system, are undergoing biotechnological scaling and clinical validation. Nonetheless, preclinical pharmacokinetic studies revealed that sEV are predominantly uptaken by macrophages. Although this “sEV‐macrophage” pro...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Bioengineering & Translational Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/btm2.10349 |
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| author | Dario Donoso‐Meneses Aliosha I. Figueroa‐Valdés Nicolás Georges Hugo E. Tobar Francisca Alcayaga‐Miranda |
| author_facet | Dario Donoso‐Meneses Aliosha I. Figueroa‐Valdés Nicolás Georges Hugo E. Tobar Francisca Alcayaga‐Miranda |
| author_sort | Dario Donoso‐Meneses |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Currently, small extracellular vesicles (sEV) as a nanoscale drug delivery system, are undergoing biotechnological scaling and clinical validation. Nonetheless, preclinical pharmacokinetic studies revealed that sEV are predominantly uptaken by macrophages. Although this “sEV‐macrophage” propensity represents a disadvantage in terms of sEV targeting and their bioavailability as nanocarriers, it also represents a strategic advantage for those therapies that involve macrophages. Such is the case of tumor‐associated macrophages (TAMs), which can reprogram/repolarize their predominantly immunosuppressive and tumor‐supportive phenotype toward an immunostimulatory and anti‐tumor phenotype using sEV as nanocarriers of TAMs reprogramming molecules. In this design, sEV represents an advantageous delivery system, providing precision to the therapy by simultaneously matching their tropism to the therapeutic cell target. Here, we review the current knowledge of the role of TAMs in the tumoral microenvironment and the effect generated by the reprogramming of these phagocytic cells fate using sEV. Finally, we discuss how these vesicles can be engineered by different bioengineering techniques to improve their therapeutic cargo loading and preferential uptake by TAMs. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-c9aea6a07a714690a7058ad6fb1b0789 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2380-6761 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Bioengineering & Translational Medicine |
| spelling | doaj-art-c9aea6a07a714690a7058ad6fb1b07892024-11-21T05:16:02ZengWileyBioengineering & Translational Medicine2380-67612023-01-0181n/an/a10.1002/btm2.10349Turning adversity into opportunity: Small extracellular vesicles as nanocarriers for tumor‐associated macrophages re‐educationDario Donoso‐Meneses0Aliosha I. Figueroa‐Valdés1Nicolás Georges2Hugo E. Tobar3Francisca Alcayaga‐Miranda4Laboratory of Nano‐Regenerative Medicine, Centro de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica (CIIB), Faculty of Medicine Universidad de Los Andes Santiago ChileLaboratory of Nano‐Regenerative Medicine, Centro de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica (CIIB), Faculty of Medicine Universidad de Los Andes Santiago ChileLaboratory of Nano‐Regenerative Medicine, Centro de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica (CIIB), Faculty of Medicine Universidad de Los Andes Santiago ChileLaboratory of Nano‐Regenerative Medicine, Centro de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica (CIIB), Faculty of Medicine Universidad de Los Andes Santiago ChileLaboratory of Nano‐Regenerative Medicine, Centro de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica (CIIB), Faculty of Medicine Universidad de Los Andes Santiago ChileAbstract Currently, small extracellular vesicles (sEV) as a nanoscale drug delivery system, are undergoing biotechnological scaling and clinical validation. Nonetheless, preclinical pharmacokinetic studies revealed that sEV are predominantly uptaken by macrophages. Although this “sEV‐macrophage” propensity represents a disadvantage in terms of sEV targeting and their bioavailability as nanocarriers, it also represents a strategic advantage for those therapies that involve macrophages. Such is the case of tumor‐associated macrophages (TAMs), which can reprogram/repolarize their predominantly immunosuppressive and tumor‐supportive phenotype toward an immunostimulatory and anti‐tumor phenotype using sEV as nanocarriers of TAMs reprogramming molecules. In this design, sEV represents an advantageous delivery system, providing precision to the therapy by simultaneously matching their tropism to the therapeutic cell target. Here, we review the current knowledge of the role of TAMs in the tumoral microenvironment and the effect generated by the reprogramming of these phagocytic cells fate using sEV. Finally, we discuss how these vesicles can be engineered by different bioengineering techniques to improve their therapeutic cargo loading and preferential uptake by TAMs.https://doi.org/10.1002/btm2.10349cancerimmunotherapymacrophagesnanocarrier engineeringsmall extracellular vesiclesTAMs re‐education |
| spellingShingle | Dario Donoso‐Meneses Aliosha I. Figueroa‐Valdés Nicolás Georges Hugo E. Tobar Francisca Alcayaga‐Miranda Turning adversity into opportunity: Small extracellular vesicles as nanocarriers for tumor‐associated macrophages re‐education Bioengineering & Translational Medicine cancer immunotherapy macrophages nanocarrier engineering small extracellular vesicles TAMs re‐education |
| title | Turning adversity into opportunity: Small extracellular vesicles as nanocarriers for tumor‐associated macrophages re‐education |
| title_full | Turning adversity into opportunity: Small extracellular vesicles as nanocarriers for tumor‐associated macrophages re‐education |
| title_fullStr | Turning adversity into opportunity: Small extracellular vesicles as nanocarriers for tumor‐associated macrophages re‐education |
| title_full_unstemmed | Turning adversity into opportunity: Small extracellular vesicles as nanocarriers for tumor‐associated macrophages re‐education |
| title_short | Turning adversity into opportunity: Small extracellular vesicles as nanocarriers for tumor‐associated macrophages re‐education |
| title_sort | turning adversity into opportunity small extracellular vesicles as nanocarriers for tumor associated macrophages re education |
| topic | cancer immunotherapy macrophages nanocarrier engineering small extracellular vesicles TAMs re‐education |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1002/btm2.10349 |
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