Impact of TiO2, ZnO, and Ag nanoparticles on anammox activity in enriched river Nile sediment cultures: unveiling differential effects and environmental implications

Abstract Background The increasing use of nanoparticles (NPs) necessitates investigation of their impact on wastewater treatment processes, particularly anammox, a critical biological nitrogen removal pathway. This study explored the effects of short-term exposure to TiO2, ZnO, and Ag-NPs on anammox...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Mohamed A. Abd EL-Aziz, Ali M. Saeed, Mohamed K. Ibrahim, Wael S. El-Sayed
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2024-11-01
Series:BMC Microbiology
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12866-024-03603-y
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1846165505017118720
author Mohamed A. Abd EL-Aziz
Ali M. Saeed
Mohamed K. Ibrahim
Wael S. El-Sayed
author_facet Mohamed A. Abd EL-Aziz
Ali M. Saeed
Mohamed K. Ibrahim
Wael S. El-Sayed
author_sort Mohamed A. Abd EL-Aziz
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background The increasing use of nanoparticles (NPs) necessitates investigation of their impact on wastewater treatment processes, particularly anammox, a critical biological nitrogen removal pathway. This study explored the effects of short-term exposure to TiO2, ZnO, and Ag-NPs on anammox activity in enriched cultures derived from River Nile sediments. Materials and methods Anammox bacteria were identified and enriched, with activity confirmed through 16S rRNA and hydrazine oxidoreductase (hzo) gene amplification and sequencing. Activity assays demonstrated efficient ammonium removal by the enriched culture. Subsequently, the impact of different sized and concentrated NPs on anammox activity was assessed. Results XRD analysis confirmed NP behavior within the microcosms: TiO2 transformed, ZnO partially dissolved, and Ag remained ionic. hzo gene expression served as a biomarker for anammox bacterial activity. Interestingly, 100 nm TiO2-NPs up-regulated hzo expression, potentially indicating a non-inhibitory transformed phase. Conversely, ZnO and Ag-NPs across all sizes and concentrations significantly down-regulated hzo expression, suggesting detrimental effects. Ag-NPs amended microcosms showed a significant reduction (79%) in hzo gene expression and a detrimental effect on bacterial populations. Overall, anammox activity mirrored hzo expression patterns, with TiO2 (21 and 25 nm, respectively) exhibiting the least inhibition, followed by ZnO and Ag-NPs. Conclusion This study highlights the differential effects of NPs on anammox, with the order of impact being Ag > ZnO > TiO2. These findings provide valuable insights into the potential environmental risks of NPs on anammox-mediated nitrogen cycling in freshwater ecosystems.
format Article
id doaj-art-c822c13879f045d4bd9647097bea889f
institution Kabale University
issn 1471-2180
language English
publishDate 2024-11-01
publisher BMC
record_format Article
series BMC Microbiology
spelling doaj-art-c822c13879f045d4bd9647097bea889f2024-11-17T12:12:51ZengBMCBMC Microbiology1471-21802024-11-0124111610.1186/s12866-024-03603-yImpact of TiO2, ZnO, and Ag nanoparticles on anammox activity in enriched river Nile sediment cultures: unveiling differential effects and environmental implicationsMohamed A. Abd EL-Aziz0Ali M. Saeed1Mohamed K. Ibrahim2Wael S. El-Sayed3Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams UniversityMicrobiology Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams UniversityMicrobiology Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams UniversityMicrobiology Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams UniversityAbstract Background The increasing use of nanoparticles (NPs) necessitates investigation of their impact on wastewater treatment processes, particularly anammox, a critical biological nitrogen removal pathway. This study explored the effects of short-term exposure to TiO2, ZnO, and Ag-NPs on anammox activity in enriched cultures derived from River Nile sediments. Materials and methods Anammox bacteria were identified and enriched, with activity confirmed through 16S rRNA and hydrazine oxidoreductase (hzo) gene amplification and sequencing. Activity assays demonstrated efficient ammonium removal by the enriched culture. Subsequently, the impact of different sized and concentrated NPs on anammox activity was assessed. Results XRD analysis confirmed NP behavior within the microcosms: TiO2 transformed, ZnO partially dissolved, and Ag remained ionic. hzo gene expression served as a biomarker for anammox bacterial activity. Interestingly, 100 nm TiO2-NPs up-regulated hzo expression, potentially indicating a non-inhibitory transformed phase. Conversely, ZnO and Ag-NPs across all sizes and concentrations significantly down-regulated hzo expression, suggesting detrimental effects. Ag-NPs amended microcosms showed a significant reduction (79%) in hzo gene expression and a detrimental effect on bacterial populations. Overall, anammox activity mirrored hzo expression patterns, with TiO2 (21 and 25 nm, respectively) exhibiting the least inhibition, followed by ZnO and Ag-NPs. Conclusion This study highlights the differential effects of NPs on anammox, with the order of impact being Ag > ZnO > TiO2. These findings provide valuable insights into the potential environmental risks of NPs on anammox-mediated nitrogen cycling in freshwater ecosystems.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12866-024-03603-yAnammox bacteriaRiver NilePolluted sediments16S rRNA genehzo geneNanoparticles
spellingShingle Mohamed A. Abd EL-Aziz
Ali M. Saeed
Mohamed K. Ibrahim
Wael S. El-Sayed
Impact of TiO2, ZnO, and Ag nanoparticles on anammox activity in enriched river Nile sediment cultures: unveiling differential effects and environmental implications
BMC Microbiology
Anammox bacteria
River Nile
Polluted sediments
16S rRNA gene
hzo gene
Nanoparticles
title Impact of TiO2, ZnO, and Ag nanoparticles on anammox activity in enriched river Nile sediment cultures: unveiling differential effects and environmental implications
title_full Impact of TiO2, ZnO, and Ag nanoparticles on anammox activity in enriched river Nile sediment cultures: unveiling differential effects and environmental implications
title_fullStr Impact of TiO2, ZnO, and Ag nanoparticles on anammox activity in enriched river Nile sediment cultures: unveiling differential effects and environmental implications
title_full_unstemmed Impact of TiO2, ZnO, and Ag nanoparticles on anammox activity in enriched river Nile sediment cultures: unveiling differential effects and environmental implications
title_short Impact of TiO2, ZnO, and Ag nanoparticles on anammox activity in enriched river Nile sediment cultures: unveiling differential effects and environmental implications
title_sort impact of tio2 zno and ag nanoparticles on anammox activity in enriched river nile sediment cultures unveiling differential effects and environmental implications
topic Anammox bacteria
River Nile
Polluted sediments
16S rRNA gene
hzo gene
Nanoparticles
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12866-024-03603-y
work_keys_str_mv AT mohamedaabdelaziz impactoftio2znoandagnanoparticlesonanammoxactivityinenrichedrivernilesedimentculturesunveilingdifferentialeffectsandenvironmentalimplications
AT alimsaeed impactoftio2znoandagnanoparticlesonanammoxactivityinenrichedrivernilesedimentculturesunveilingdifferentialeffectsandenvironmentalimplications
AT mohamedkibrahim impactoftio2znoandagnanoparticlesonanammoxactivityinenrichedrivernilesedimentculturesunveilingdifferentialeffectsandenvironmentalimplications
AT waelselsayed impactoftio2znoandagnanoparticlesonanammoxactivityinenrichedrivernilesedimentculturesunveilingdifferentialeffectsandenvironmentalimplications