Gas venting behavior and early detection performance in energy storage system battery modules under various thermal runaway scenarios

The present study aims to numerically examine the gas venting behavior and early detection performance in energy storage system (ESS) modules under various thermal runaway scenarios. Extensive CFD simulations for a pouch-type battery are conducted using the commercial code ANSYS FLUENT 2020 R2 to es...

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Main Authors: Jong Eun Kim, Hong Sun Ryou, Young Man Lee, Seong Hyuk Lee
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-09-01
Series:Case Studies in Thermal Engineering
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214157X25009360
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author Jong Eun Kim
Hong Sun Ryou
Young Man Lee
Seong Hyuk Lee
author_facet Jong Eun Kim
Hong Sun Ryou
Young Man Lee
Seong Hyuk Lee
author_sort Jong Eun Kim
collection DOAJ
description The present study aims to numerically examine the gas venting behavior and early detection performance in energy storage system (ESS) modules under various thermal runaway scenarios. Extensive CFD simulations for a pouch-type battery are conducted using the commercial code ANSYS FLUENT 2020 R2 to estimate the detection times in ESS battery modules with multiple cells for different venting positions and directions within the module. This study also investigates the influence of cooling fan intensity on gas propagation and detection time. The results show that detection time decreases when venting in the battery cells occurs closer to the outlet, and the left-side venting is detected faster than the right-side venting. Moreover, increasing the fan intensity by 30 % enables detection within 1.0 s, even in battery cells that are furthest from the gas detector. When venting occurs in the last cell, the detection time difference between the left-side and right-side venting increases as the cooling fan intensity increases.
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institution Kabale University
issn 2214-157X
language English
publishDate 2025-09-01
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series Case Studies in Thermal Engineering
spelling doaj-art-c743b47dce4d482cb6650e58be28acd12025-08-20T03:50:32ZengElsevierCase Studies in Thermal Engineering2214-157X2025-09-017310667610.1016/j.csite.2025.106676Gas venting behavior and early detection performance in energy storage system battery modules under various thermal runaway scenariosJong Eun Kim0Hong Sun Ryou1Young Man Lee2Seong Hyuk Lee3School of Mechanical Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06974, Republic of KoreaSchool of Mechanical Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06974, Republic of KoreaAlllitelife Co., Ltd., Dongyoung Venturestell 5, 72 Deokchen-ro 72 gil, Manan-gu, Anyang, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of KoreaSchool of Mechanical Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea; Corresponding author.The present study aims to numerically examine the gas venting behavior and early detection performance in energy storage system (ESS) modules under various thermal runaway scenarios. Extensive CFD simulations for a pouch-type battery are conducted using the commercial code ANSYS FLUENT 2020 R2 to estimate the detection times in ESS battery modules with multiple cells for different venting positions and directions within the module. This study also investigates the influence of cooling fan intensity on gas propagation and detection time. The results show that detection time decreases when venting in the battery cells occurs closer to the outlet, and the left-side venting is detected faster than the right-side venting. Moreover, increasing the fan intensity by 30 % enables detection within 1.0 s, even in battery cells that are furthest from the gas detector. When venting occurs in the last cell, the detection time difference between the left-side and right-side venting increases as the cooling fan intensity increases.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214157X25009360Energy storage system (ESS) moduleComputational fluid dynamics (CFD)Thermal runawayGas ventingEarly gas detection
spellingShingle Jong Eun Kim
Hong Sun Ryou
Young Man Lee
Seong Hyuk Lee
Gas venting behavior and early detection performance in energy storage system battery modules under various thermal runaway scenarios
Case Studies in Thermal Engineering
Energy storage system (ESS) module
Computational fluid dynamics (CFD)
Thermal runaway
Gas venting
Early gas detection
title Gas venting behavior and early detection performance in energy storage system battery modules under various thermal runaway scenarios
title_full Gas venting behavior and early detection performance in energy storage system battery modules under various thermal runaway scenarios
title_fullStr Gas venting behavior and early detection performance in energy storage system battery modules under various thermal runaway scenarios
title_full_unstemmed Gas venting behavior and early detection performance in energy storage system battery modules under various thermal runaway scenarios
title_short Gas venting behavior and early detection performance in energy storage system battery modules under various thermal runaway scenarios
title_sort gas venting behavior and early detection performance in energy storage system battery modules under various thermal runaway scenarios
topic Energy storage system (ESS) module
Computational fluid dynamics (CFD)
Thermal runaway
Gas venting
Early gas detection
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214157X25009360
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AT youngmanlee gasventingbehaviorandearlydetectionperformanceinenergystoragesystembatterymodulesundervariousthermalrunawayscenarios
AT seonghyuklee gasventingbehaviorandearlydetectionperformanceinenergystoragesystembatterymodulesundervariousthermalrunawayscenarios