On the Performance of a Miniaturized Reactive Loaded Monopole Antenna for Ex Vivo Catheter Applications
In this paper, we propose a miniaturized series L-C loaded monopole antenna for catheter application in microwave ablation systems. Initially, a quarter wavelength long monopole antenna (Design1), having length 30 mm (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\approx 0.24\la...
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| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
IEEE
2023-01-01
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| Series: | IEEE Access |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10041129/ |
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| Summary: | In this paper, we propose a miniaturized series L-C loaded monopole antenna for catheter application in microwave ablation systems. Initially, a quarter wavelength long monopole antenna (Design1), having length 30 mm (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\approx 0.24\lambda _{0}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> where <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\lambda _{0}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> represents the free-space wavelength at 2.4 GHz operating frequency) using series LC loading concept is designed. The initial design is further extended to a miniaturized version (Design2) having length 5 mm (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\approx 0.04\lambda _{0}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>), showing nearly 83% size reduction compared to its former.Both the antennas are designed and simulated by immersing inside high permittivity egg white phantom (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\epsilon _{r}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> = 63.84). Antenna Design 1 and 2 exhibit good impedance matching (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${S_{11} < -12}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> dB) at and around the operating frequency with uniform monopolar radiation pattern having co-to-cross isolation of nearly 30–35 dB. Further, the in-phantom Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) values for both antennas are evaluated using simulation and verified with the measured SAR values such as 22 W/kg and 19.6 W/kg for Design1 and 2 respectively, using an in-house experimental setup. Moreover, the microwave ablation property of the proposed antennas is studied using simulated transient thermal gradient which translates to ablation zone formation. Here, Design 2 shows the advantage of having a low invasive diameter of 1.5 mm and near unity aspect ratio (AR) for the ablation zone as compared to Design1. |
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| ISSN: | 2169-3536 |