Acute Fatal Gastric Dilatation and Volvulus in a Captive Adult Linnaeus’s Two-Toed Sloth (<i>Choloepus didactylus</i>) in Amazon Biome
This study aims to report the dietary and daily management, clinical signs, complementary exams, and pathological findings related to an acute and fatal case of gastric dilatation and volvulus (GDV) in a captive Linnaeus’s two-toed sloth (<i>Choloepus didactylus</i>) in the Amazon Biome....
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MDPI AG
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Animals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/14/23/3527 |
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| author | Hanna Gabriela da Silva Oliveira Cinthia Távora de Albuquerque Lopes Letícia Yasmin Silva Correa Roberta Martins Crivelaro Thiesen Rodrigo Otavio Silveira Silva Francisco Alejandro Uzal Sheyla Farhayldes Souza Domingues Felipe Masiero Salvarani |
| author_facet | Hanna Gabriela da Silva Oliveira Cinthia Távora de Albuquerque Lopes Letícia Yasmin Silva Correa Roberta Martins Crivelaro Thiesen Rodrigo Otavio Silveira Silva Francisco Alejandro Uzal Sheyla Farhayldes Souza Domingues Felipe Masiero Salvarani |
| author_sort | Hanna Gabriela da Silva Oliveira |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study aims to report the dietary and daily management, clinical signs, complementary exams, and pathological findings related to an acute and fatal case of gastric dilatation and volvulus (GDV) in a captive Linnaeus’s two-toed sloth (<i>Choloepus didactylus</i>) in the Amazon Biome. An adult female sloth, rescued after being electrocuted, was housed at the Wildlife Section of the Veterinary Hospital (WSVH) of the Institute of Veterinary Medicine (IVM) at the Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA). It was fed a diverse diet that included animal protein, fruits, vegetables, and greens, with vitamin and mineral supplementation. After five years, the sloth was found in its enclosure hyporesponsive, dehydrated, hypothermic, and hyperventilating, with an abdominal dilation of firm consistency. During emergency care, the animal died. Fecal samples collected two days before death were positive only for <i>Clostridium perfringens</i> type A. Necropsy findings included dilatation of the squamous gastric compartment due to gas accumulation, with necrotic and hemorrhagic mucosa, a 180–270° volvulus obstructing the gastroesophageal region, and intestinal mucosal hyperemia. Histopathology revealed marked congestion with hemorrhage and gastric mucosal necrosis, along with tertiary lymphoid follicles in the submucosa. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first report of GDV in a sloth in Brazil. Further research is needed to develop appropriate approaches to GDV in captive sloths. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-c5fddc5285254ded95adb673f4be7d3c |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2076-2615 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Animals |
| spelling | doaj-art-c5fddc5285254ded95adb673f4be7d3c2024-12-13T16:21:34ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152024-12-011423352710.3390/ani14233527Acute Fatal Gastric Dilatation and Volvulus in a Captive Adult Linnaeus’s Two-Toed Sloth (<i>Choloepus didactylus</i>) in Amazon BiomeHanna Gabriela da Silva Oliveira0Cinthia Távora de Albuquerque Lopes1Letícia Yasmin Silva Correa2Roberta Martins Crivelaro Thiesen3Rodrigo Otavio Silveira Silva4Francisco Alejandro Uzal5Sheyla Farhayldes Souza Domingues6Felipe Masiero Salvarani7Instituto de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Pará, Castanhal 68740-970, PA, BrazilInstituto de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Pará, Castanhal 68740-970, PA, BrazilInstituto de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Pará, Castanhal 68740-970, PA, BrazilInstituto de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Pará, Castanhal 68740-970, PA, BrazilLaboratório de Bacterioses e Pesquisa da Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, BrazilSchool of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USAInstituto de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Pará, Castanhal 68740-970, PA, BrazilInstituto de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Pará, Castanhal 68740-970, PA, BrazilThis study aims to report the dietary and daily management, clinical signs, complementary exams, and pathological findings related to an acute and fatal case of gastric dilatation and volvulus (GDV) in a captive Linnaeus’s two-toed sloth (<i>Choloepus didactylus</i>) in the Amazon Biome. An adult female sloth, rescued after being electrocuted, was housed at the Wildlife Section of the Veterinary Hospital (WSVH) of the Institute of Veterinary Medicine (IVM) at the Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA). It was fed a diverse diet that included animal protein, fruits, vegetables, and greens, with vitamin and mineral supplementation. After five years, the sloth was found in its enclosure hyporesponsive, dehydrated, hypothermic, and hyperventilating, with an abdominal dilation of firm consistency. During emergency care, the animal died. Fecal samples collected two days before death were positive only for <i>Clostridium perfringens</i> type A. Necropsy findings included dilatation of the squamous gastric compartment due to gas accumulation, with necrotic and hemorrhagic mucosa, a 180–270° volvulus obstructing the gastroesophageal region, and intestinal mucosal hyperemia. Histopathology revealed marked congestion with hemorrhage and gastric mucosal necrosis, along with tertiary lymphoid follicles in the submucosa. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first report of GDV in a sloth in Brazil. Further research is needed to develop appropriate approaches to GDV in captive sloths.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/14/23/3527slothstomachgastric torsion<i>Clostridium perfringens</i> type A |
| spellingShingle | Hanna Gabriela da Silva Oliveira Cinthia Távora de Albuquerque Lopes Letícia Yasmin Silva Correa Roberta Martins Crivelaro Thiesen Rodrigo Otavio Silveira Silva Francisco Alejandro Uzal Sheyla Farhayldes Souza Domingues Felipe Masiero Salvarani Acute Fatal Gastric Dilatation and Volvulus in a Captive Adult Linnaeus’s Two-Toed Sloth (<i>Choloepus didactylus</i>) in Amazon Biome Animals sloth stomach gastric torsion <i>Clostridium perfringens</i> type A |
| title | Acute Fatal Gastric Dilatation and Volvulus in a Captive Adult Linnaeus’s Two-Toed Sloth (<i>Choloepus didactylus</i>) in Amazon Biome |
| title_full | Acute Fatal Gastric Dilatation and Volvulus in a Captive Adult Linnaeus’s Two-Toed Sloth (<i>Choloepus didactylus</i>) in Amazon Biome |
| title_fullStr | Acute Fatal Gastric Dilatation and Volvulus in a Captive Adult Linnaeus’s Two-Toed Sloth (<i>Choloepus didactylus</i>) in Amazon Biome |
| title_full_unstemmed | Acute Fatal Gastric Dilatation and Volvulus in a Captive Adult Linnaeus’s Two-Toed Sloth (<i>Choloepus didactylus</i>) in Amazon Biome |
| title_short | Acute Fatal Gastric Dilatation and Volvulus in a Captive Adult Linnaeus’s Two-Toed Sloth (<i>Choloepus didactylus</i>) in Amazon Biome |
| title_sort | acute fatal gastric dilatation and volvulus in a captive adult linnaeus s two toed sloth i choloepus didactylus i in amazon biome |
| topic | sloth stomach gastric torsion <i>Clostridium perfringens</i> type A |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/14/23/3527 |
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