Spatiotemporal Changes and Utilization Intensity of the Zhoushan Archipelago Coastline over Four Decades
Coastal changes in China, notably in the Zhoushan Islands, have primarily been driven by coastal reclamation since the establishment of New China. This study conducted a comprehensive analysis of the Zhoushan Archipelago shoreline spanning four decades, employing remote sensing, aerial photographs,...
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MDPI AG
2024-11-01
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| Series: | Journal of Marine Science and Engineering |
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| author | Zhuocheng Liu Lianqiang Shi Junli Guo Tinglu Cai Xinkai Wang Xiaoming Xia |
| author_facet | Zhuocheng Liu Lianqiang Shi Junli Guo Tinglu Cai Xinkai Wang Xiaoming Xia |
| author_sort | Zhuocheng Liu |
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| description | Coastal changes in China, notably in the Zhoushan Islands, have primarily been driven by coastal reclamation since the establishment of New China. This study conducted a comprehensive analysis of the Zhoushan Archipelago shoreline spanning four decades, employing remote sensing, aerial photographs, and shoreline data since 1984, along with GIS (Geographic Information System) technology. We assessed shoreline changes using the shoreline change index and shoreline artificialization index, as well as examined the influence of the Yangtze River’s suspended sediment and impoldering activities on Zhoushan’s shoreline. Furthermore, the correlation between local economic development and shoreline development was explored. The results revealed the following key findings: (1) From 1984 to 2018, the Zhoushan Archipelago shoreline decreased by 7.05 km. Temporally, the shoreline change index was −0.08%, with the most significant reduction occurring between 2008 and 2018. Spatially, differences among island groups were not pronounced. (2) The shoreline diversity index consistently increased, indicating greater diversity and complexity in shoreline use over the four decades. (3) The shoreline artificiality index steadily rose, particularly after 2000. It was highest in the south, followed by the center, and lowest in the north. (4) The intensity index of coastal land use continuously increased, with the southern island group having a higher index compared to the Zhoushan Islands. (5) The Yangtze River contributed significantly to sand inflow, influencing shoreline changes and beach shaping in Zhejiang. However, reclamation projects were identified as the primary and direct factor. (6) A positive correlation existed between Zhoushan City’s economic development and the intensity of coastal land use. This study emphasized the need for improving the control over reclamation projects and the better management of coastal protection and use. These measures could optimize resource allocation and establish a more scientific and rational coastal zone pattern. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2077-1312 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Journal of Marine Science and Engineering |
| spelling | doaj-art-c5d4f99aad754ac7b9ec45d0f4b76f8e2024-11-26T18:08:15ZengMDPI AGJournal of Marine Science and Engineering2077-13122024-11-011211201310.3390/jmse12112013Spatiotemporal Changes and Utilization Intensity of the Zhoushan Archipelago Coastline over Four DecadesZhuocheng Liu0Lianqiang Shi1Junli Guo2Tinglu Cai3Xinkai Wang4Xiaoming Xia5School of Geography and Marine Science, Nanjing University, No. 163 Xianlin Avenue, Qixia District, Nanjing 210023, ChinaSecond Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, No. 36 Baochu North Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou 310012, ChinaSecond Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, No. 36 Baochu North Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou 310012, ChinaSecond Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, No. 36 Baochu North Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou 310012, ChinaSecond Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, No. 36 Baochu North Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou 310012, ChinaSecond Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, No. 36 Baochu North Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou 310012, ChinaCoastal changes in China, notably in the Zhoushan Islands, have primarily been driven by coastal reclamation since the establishment of New China. This study conducted a comprehensive analysis of the Zhoushan Archipelago shoreline spanning four decades, employing remote sensing, aerial photographs, and shoreline data since 1984, along with GIS (Geographic Information System) technology. We assessed shoreline changes using the shoreline change index and shoreline artificialization index, as well as examined the influence of the Yangtze River’s suspended sediment and impoldering activities on Zhoushan’s shoreline. Furthermore, the correlation between local economic development and shoreline development was explored. The results revealed the following key findings: (1) From 1984 to 2018, the Zhoushan Archipelago shoreline decreased by 7.05 km. Temporally, the shoreline change index was −0.08%, with the most significant reduction occurring between 2008 and 2018. Spatially, differences among island groups were not pronounced. (2) The shoreline diversity index consistently increased, indicating greater diversity and complexity in shoreline use over the four decades. (3) The shoreline artificiality index steadily rose, particularly after 2000. It was highest in the south, followed by the center, and lowest in the north. (4) The intensity index of coastal land use continuously increased, with the southern island group having a higher index compared to the Zhoushan Islands. (5) The Yangtze River contributed significantly to sand inflow, influencing shoreline changes and beach shaping in Zhejiang. However, reclamation projects were identified as the primary and direct factor. (6) A positive correlation existed between Zhoushan City’s economic development and the intensity of coastal land use. This study emphasized the need for improving the control over reclamation projects and the better management of coastal protection and use. These measures could optimize resource allocation and establish a more scientific and rational coastal zone pattern.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/12/11/2013Zhoushan Islandsshoreline changeutilization degreereclamationremote sensing |
| spellingShingle | Zhuocheng Liu Lianqiang Shi Junli Guo Tinglu Cai Xinkai Wang Xiaoming Xia Spatiotemporal Changes and Utilization Intensity of the Zhoushan Archipelago Coastline over Four Decades Journal of Marine Science and Engineering Zhoushan Islands shoreline change utilization degree reclamation remote sensing |
| title | Spatiotemporal Changes and Utilization Intensity of the Zhoushan Archipelago Coastline over Four Decades |
| title_full | Spatiotemporal Changes and Utilization Intensity of the Zhoushan Archipelago Coastline over Four Decades |
| title_fullStr | Spatiotemporal Changes and Utilization Intensity of the Zhoushan Archipelago Coastline over Four Decades |
| title_full_unstemmed | Spatiotemporal Changes and Utilization Intensity of the Zhoushan Archipelago Coastline over Four Decades |
| title_short | Spatiotemporal Changes and Utilization Intensity of the Zhoushan Archipelago Coastline over Four Decades |
| title_sort | spatiotemporal changes and utilization intensity of the zhoushan archipelago coastline over four decades |
| topic | Zhoushan Islands shoreline change utilization degree reclamation remote sensing |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/12/11/2013 |
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