A Subunit Vaccine Harboring the Fusion Capsid Proteins of Porcine Circovirus Types 2, 3, and 4 Induces Protective Immune Responses in a Mouse Model
Coinfections with porcine circovirus types 2, 3, and 4 (PCV2, PCV3, and PCV4) are increasingly being detected in the swine industry. However, there is no commercially available vaccine which prevents coinfection with PCV2, PCV3, and PCV4. The development of a vaccine expressing capsid (Cap) fusion p...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Viruses |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/16/12/1964 |
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| Summary: | Coinfections with porcine circovirus types 2, 3, and 4 (PCV2, PCV3, and PCV4) are increasingly being detected in the swine industry. However, there is no commercially available vaccine which prevents coinfection with PCV2, PCV3, and PCV4. The development of a vaccine expressing capsid (Cap) fusion proteins of multiple PCVs represents a promising approach for broadly preventing infection with PCVs. In this study, we developed a PCV subunit vaccine candidate (Cap 2-3-4) by predicting, screening, and fusing antigenic epitopes of Cap proteins of PCV2, PCV3, and PCV4. Immunoprotection assays showed that the prokaryotic expression of Cap 2-3-4 could effectively induce high levels of PCV2, PCV3, and PCV4 Cap-specific antibodies and successfully neutralize both PCV2 and PCV3. Furthermore, Cap 2-3-4 demonstrated a potent ability to activate cellular immunity and thus prevent lung damage in mice. This study provides a new option for the development of broad vaccines against PCVs. |
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| ISSN: | 1999-4915 |