Computational insights into silver oxide nanoparticles on flow and Cattaneo-Christov heat flux through a Koo and Kleinstreuer model: A heat transfer application
Abstract The special features of silver-capped iron nanoparticles, like their excellent ability to conduct heat, adjustable magnetism, and resistance to rust, make them highly sought after for industrial heat transfer uses. The medical and industrial fields are rapidly adopting a new technology that...
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Nature Portfolio
2025-08-01
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-13753-2 |
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| author | Huda Alfannakh Basma Souayeh Suvanjan Bhattacharyya Devendra Kumar Vishwakarma |
| author_facet | Huda Alfannakh Basma Souayeh Suvanjan Bhattacharyya Devendra Kumar Vishwakarma |
| author_sort | Huda Alfannakh |
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| description | Abstract The special features of silver-capped iron nanoparticles, like their excellent ability to conduct heat, adjustable magnetism, and resistance to rust, make them highly sought after for industrial heat transfer uses. The medical and industrial fields are rapidly adopting a new technology that shows promise in areas such as electronics cooling, biomedical heating, solar thermal, and nanofluids. The flow of silver-capped iron nanoparticles through a Forchheimer medium with the CC effect is the subject of this work because of these applications. Additionally, thermal radiation and exponential heat sources are considered. The mixed convective situation improves the boundary. The governing equations of flow are reduced by employing similarity transformations from a PDE to an ODE. Utilizing a set of similar variables, the modeled problem will be converted into a set of ODEs. With RKF-45, the resulting set of ODEs will be solved. Through the graphs, the behaviours of many significant parameters will be examined and discussed in cases when these factors are $$\:Da=0.2\:to\:0.8,\:{K}_{p}=0.2\:to\:0.8,\:\varphi\:=0.01\:to\:0.02,\:\:Pr=40,Q=0.4\:to\:1,\:\:R=0.5\:to\:2\:$$ and $$\:\lambda\:=0.2\:to\:0.8$$ , $$\:\xi\:=\text{0,2}\:to\:0.8.$$ Velocity of the fluid is more controllebele in hybrid nanoparticles case then that of nanoparticles case. Rate of heat transfer is more influence by silver capped iron oxide nanoparticle when compared to silver nanoparticles. The temperature profile increases when $$\:Da$$ improves. There is an improvement in the thermal boundary layer as well. Convective cooling diminishes with decreasing velocity, and thermal energy tends to build up, increasing the fluid’s temperature. Reduced flow further thickens the thermal boundary layer, which raises the temperature profile even more. For both silver and silver oxide nanoparticles Nusselt number increases when $$\:\lambda\:,\:Q,\:R,\:\varphi\:$$ and $$\:Bi$$ values grow. However, when $$\:Pr$$ values rise, the reverse effect is seen. Silver nanoparticles and silver oxide nanoparticles, skin friction decreases as the $$\:Fr,\:\varphi\:$$ and $$\:Da$$ parameters increase. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-c3804e3d132348f4a3eaa11253168b17 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-08-01 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-c3804e3d132348f4a3eaa11253168b172025-08-20T04:03:01ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-08-0115111810.1038/s41598-025-13753-2Computational insights into silver oxide nanoparticles on flow and Cattaneo-Christov heat flux through a Koo and Kleinstreuer model: A heat transfer applicationHuda Alfannakh0Basma Souayeh1Suvanjan Bhattacharyya2Devendra Kumar Vishwakarma3Department of Physics, College of Science, King Faisal UniversityDepartment of Physics, College of Science, King Faisal UniversityDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology and Science PilaniDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Manipal University JaipurAbstract The special features of silver-capped iron nanoparticles, like their excellent ability to conduct heat, adjustable magnetism, and resistance to rust, make them highly sought after for industrial heat transfer uses. The medical and industrial fields are rapidly adopting a new technology that shows promise in areas such as electronics cooling, biomedical heating, solar thermal, and nanofluids. The flow of silver-capped iron nanoparticles through a Forchheimer medium with the CC effect is the subject of this work because of these applications. Additionally, thermal radiation and exponential heat sources are considered. The mixed convective situation improves the boundary. The governing equations of flow are reduced by employing similarity transformations from a PDE to an ODE. Utilizing a set of similar variables, the modeled problem will be converted into a set of ODEs. With RKF-45, the resulting set of ODEs will be solved. Through the graphs, the behaviours of many significant parameters will be examined and discussed in cases when these factors are $$\:Da=0.2\:to\:0.8,\:{K}_{p}=0.2\:to\:0.8,\:\varphi\:=0.01\:to\:0.02,\:\:Pr=40,Q=0.4\:to\:1,\:\:R=0.5\:to\:2\:$$ and $$\:\lambda\:=0.2\:to\:0.8$$ , $$\:\xi\:=\text{0,2}\:to\:0.8.$$ Velocity of the fluid is more controllebele in hybrid nanoparticles case then that of nanoparticles case. Rate of heat transfer is more influence by silver capped iron oxide nanoparticle when compared to silver nanoparticles. The temperature profile increases when $$\:Da$$ improves. There is an improvement in the thermal boundary layer as well. Convective cooling diminishes with decreasing velocity, and thermal energy tends to build up, increasing the fluid’s temperature. Reduced flow further thickens the thermal boundary layer, which raises the temperature profile even more. For both silver and silver oxide nanoparticles Nusselt number increases when $$\:\lambda\:,\:Q,\:R,\:\varphi\:$$ and $$\:Bi$$ values grow. However, when $$\:Pr$$ values rise, the reverse effect is seen. Silver nanoparticles and silver oxide nanoparticles, skin friction decreases as the $$\:Fr,\:\varphi\:$$ and $$\:Da$$ parameters increase.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-13753-2KK modelExponential heat source (EHS)Cattaneo-Christov heat fluxThermal radiationDarcy forchheimer mediumMixed convection and biot number |
| spellingShingle | Huda Alfannakh Basma Souayeh Suvanjan Bhattacharyya Devendra Kumar Vishwakarma Computational insights into silver oxide nanoparticles on flow and Cattaneo-Christov heat flux through a Koo and Kleinstreuer model: A heat transfer application Scientific Reports KK model Exponential heat source (EHS) Cattaneo-Christov heat flux Thermal radiation Darcy forchheimer medium Mixed convection and biot number |
| title | Computational insights into silver oxide nanoparticles on flow and Cattaneo-Christov heat flux through a Koo and Kleinstreuer model: A heat transfer application |
| title_full | Computational insights into silver oxide nanoparticles on flow and Cattaneo-Christov heat flux through a Koo and Kleinstreuer model: A heat transfer application |
| title_fullStr | Computational insights into silver oxide nanoparticles on flow and Cattaneo-Christov heat flux through a Koo and Kleinstreuer model: A heat transfer application |
| title_full_unstemmed | Computational insights into silver oxide nanoparticles on flow and Cattaneo-Christov heat flux through a Koo and Kleinstreuer model: A heat transfer application |
| title_short | Computational insights into silver oxide nanoparticles on flow and Cattaneo-Christov heat flux through a Koo and Kleinstreuer model: A heat transfer application |
| title_sort | computational insights into silver oxide nanoparticles on flow and cattaneo christov heat flux through a koo and kleinstreuer model a heat transfer application |
| topic | KK model Exponential heat source (EHS) Cattaneo-Christov heat flux Thermal radiation Darcy forchheimer medium Mixed convection and biot number |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-13753-2 |
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