A novel, multi-component contingency management intervention in the context of a syndemic of drug-related harms in Glasgow, Scotland: First year of the ‘WAND’ initiative
Background: To address high levels of drug-related harms among people who inject drugs (PWID) in Glasgow, a novel contingency management intervention was developed to engage high-risk PWID with four harm reduction measures (known as the WAND initiative: Wound care, Assessment of injecting, Naloxone,...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2025-06-01
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| Series: | Addictive Behaviors Reports |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352853224000579 |
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| author | S. Smith K.M.A. Trayner J. Campbell A. McAuley J. Craik C. Hunter S. Priyadarshi S.J. Hutchinson |
| author_facet | S. Smith K.M.A. Trayner J. Campbell A. McAuley J. Craik C. Hunter S. Priyadarshi S.J. Hutchinson |
| author_sort | S. Smith |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: To address high levels of drug-related harms among people who inject drugs (PWID) in Glasgow, a novel contingency management intervention was developed to engage high-risk PWID with four harm reduction measures (known as the WAND initiative: Wound care, Assessment of injecting, Naloxone, and Dried blood-spot test). Our aims were to assess if WAND engaged and re-engaged high-risk PWID. Methods: Baseline data of WAND participants (n = 831) from 1st Sept-2020 to 30th Aug-2021 were analysed. For those who took part in the first six months, extent of re-engagement was determined and, among those re-engaged, intervention coverage was compared between baseline and final engagement. Results: Among those who first engaged in WAND from Sept 2020-Feb 2021 (n = 546), 40 % re-engaged by Aug 2021. Compared to those who engaged once (n = 321), those who re-engaged (n = 215) within one year had higher baseline prevalence of injecting risk behaviours such as injecting daily (56 % vs 64 %, p = 0.032), injecting away from home (42 % vs 52 %, p = 0.0179), injecting cocaine (56 % vs 75 %, p < 0.001), having an SSTI (40 % vs 60 %, p < 0.001), and been prescribed naloxone (57 % vs 72 %, p < 0.001). For those who re-engaged six months to one year after initial engagement (n = 107), there was a significant increase in having a BBV test in the last six months (61 % to 81 %, p = 0.003) and carrying naloxone (22 % to 32 %, p = 0.011). Conclusion: WAND was able to engage and re-engage large numbers of high-risk PWID with multiple harm reduction initiatives. These findings suggest contingency management could be a useful tool for harm reduction services. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-c35ec02ee67d4c40bde3f8f79c49b366 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2352-8532 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Addictive Behaviors Reports |
| spelling | doaj-art-c35ec02ee67d4c40bde3f8f79c49b3662025-01-08T04:53:05ZengElsevierAddictive Behaviors Reports2352-85322025-06-0121100580A novel, multi-component contingency management intervention in the context of a syndemic of drug-related harms in Glasgow, Scotland: First year of the ‘WAND’ initiativeS. Smith0K.M.A. Trayner1J. Campbell2A. McAuley3J. Craik4C. Hunter5S. Priyadarshi6S.J. Hutchinson7School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK; Public Health Scotland, Glasgow, UK; Corresponding author at: School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Cowcaddens Rd, Glasgow G4 0BA, UK.School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK; Public Health Scotland, Glasgow, UKGlasgow Alcohol and Drug Recovery Services, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, Glasgow, UKSchool of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK; Public Health Scotland, Glasgow, UKPublic Health, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, Glasgow, UKGlasgow Alcohol and Drug Recovery Services, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, Glasgow, UKGlasgow Alcohol and Drug Recovery Services, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, Glasgow, UKSchool of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK; Public Health Scotland, Glasgow, UKBackground: To address high levels of drug-related harms among people who inject drugs (PWID) in Glasgow, a novel contingency management intervention was developed to engage high-risk PWID with four harm reduction measures (known as the WAND initiative: Wound care, Assessment of injecting, Naloxone, and Dried blood-spot test). Our aims were to assess if WAND engaged and re-engaged high-risk PWID. Methods: Baseline data of WAND participants (n = 831) from 1st Sept-2020 to 30th Aug-2021 were analysed. For those who took part in the first six months, extent of re-engagement was determined and, among those re-engaged, intervention coverage was compared between baseline and final engagement. Results: Among those who first engaged in WAND from Sept 2020-Feb 2021 (n = 546), 40 % re-engaged by Aug 2021. Compared to those who engaged once (n = 321), those who re-engaged (n = 215) within one year had higher baseline prevalence of injecting risk behaviours such as injecting daily (56 % vs 64 %, p = 0.032), injecting away from home (42 % vs 52 %, p = 0.0179), injecting cocaine (56 % vs 75 %, p < 0.001), having an SSTI (40 % vs 60 %, p < 0.001), and been prescribed naloxone (57 % vs 72 %, p < 0.001). For those who re-engaged six months to one year after initial engagement (n = 107), there was a significant increase in having a BBV test in the last six months (61 % to 81 %, p = 0.003) and carrying naloxone (22 % to 32 %, p = 0.011). Conclusion: WAND was able to engage and re-engage large numbers of high-risk PWID with multiple harm reduction initiatives. These findings suggest contingency management could be a useful tool for harm reduction services.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352853224000579Contingency managementDrug-related harmsHarm reductionPeople who inject drugsPublic Health |
| spellingShingle | S. Smith K.M.A. Trayner J. Campbell A. McAuley J. Craik C. Hunter S. Priyadarshi S.J. Hutchinson A novel, multi-component contingency management intervention in the context of a syndemic of drug-related harms in Glasgow, Scotland: First year of the ‘WAND’ initiative Addictive Behaviors Reports Contingency management Drug-related harms Harm reduction People who inject drugs Public Health |
| title | A novel, multi-component contingency management intervention in the context of a syndemic of drug-related harms in Glasgow, Scotland: First year of the ‘WAND’ initiative |
| title_full | A novel, multi-component contingency management intervention in the context of a syndemic of drug-related harms in Glasgow, Scotland: First year of the ‘WAND’ initiative |
| title_fullStr | A novel, multi-component contingency management intervention in the context of a syndemic of drug-related harms in Glasgow, Scotland: First year of the ‘WAND’ initiative |
| title_full_unstemmed | A novel, multi-component contingency management intervention in the context of a syndemic of drug-related harms in Glasgow, Scotland: First year of the ‘WAND’ initiative |
| title_short | A novel, multi-component contingency management intervention in the context of a syndemic of drug-related harms in Glasgow, Scotland: First year of the ‘WAND’ initiative |
| title_sort | novel multi component contingency management intervention in the context of a syndemic of drug related harms in glasgow scotland first year of the wand initiative |
| topic | Contingency management Drug-related harms Harm reduction People who inject drugs Public Health |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352853224000579 |
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